530 BRCA1 is a Novel Molecular Target to Limit Pancreatic Beta Cell Apoptosis and Restore Beta Cell Function

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. S296
Author(s):  
K.K. Singh ◽  
F. Lovren ◽  
A. Quan ◽  
Y. Pan ◽  
H. Teoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beta Cell ◽  
Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Beta Cell Function ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cell ◽  
Molecular Target ◽  
Beta Cell Apoptosis

Compensation in pancreatic beta-cell function in subjects with glucokinase mutations

Diabetes ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 718-723 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Sturis ◽  
I. J. Kurland ◽  
M. M. Byrne ◽  
E. Mosekilde ◽  
P. Froguel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beta Cell ◽  
Beta Cell Function ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cell ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cell Function ◽  
Glucokinase Mutations

Effect of troglitazone on insulin sensitivity and pancreatic beta-cell function in women at high risk for NIDDM

Diabetes ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 45 (11) ◽  
pp. 1572-1579 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Berkowitz ◽  
R. Peters ◽  
S. L. Kjos ◽  
J. Goico ◽  
A. Marroquin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Beta Cell Function ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cell ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cell Function

scholarly journals Serum CA19-9 Level Associated with Metabolic Control and Pancreatic Beta Cell Function in Diabetic Patients

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haoyong Yu ◽  
Ruixia Li ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Haibing Chen ◽  
Yuqian Bao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Beta Cell Function ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Total Cholesterol Level ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cell ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cell Function

CA19-9 is a tumor-associated antigen. It is also a marker of pancreatic tissue damage that might be caused by diabetes. Long-term poor glycemic control may lead to pancreatic beta cell dysfunction which is reflected by elevated serum CA19-9 level. Intracellular cholesterol accumulation leads to islet dysfunction and impaired insulin secretion which provide a new lipotoxic model. This study firstly found total cholesterol was one of the independent contributors to CA19-9. Elevated serum CA19-9 level in diabetic patients may indicate further investigations of glycemic control, pancreatic beta cell function, and total cholesterol level.

scholarly journals Age-Related Mitochondrial DNA Depletion and the Impact on Pancreatic Beta Cell Function

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. e115433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna L. Nile ◽  
Audrey E. Brown ◽  
Meutia A. Kumaheri ◽  
Helen R. Blair ◽  
Alison Heggie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Beta Cell Function ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cell ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna Depletion ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cell Function ◽  
The Impact

Pancreatic beta-cell function and glucose metabolism in human segmental pancreas and kidney transplantation

1993 ◽  
Vol 264 (3) ◽  
pp. E441-E449 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Christiansen ◽  
H. B. Andersen ◽  
K. Rasmussen ◽  
N. J. Christensen ◽  
K. Olgaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Kidney Transplant ◽  
Beta Cell Function ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cell ◽  
Secretion Rate ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Insulin Secretion Rate

beta-Cell function and glucose metabolism were studied in eight insulin-dependent diabetic recipients of combined segmental pancreas and kidney transplant with peripheral insulin delivery (Px), in eight nondiabetic kidney-transplant individuals (Kx), and in eight normal subjects (Ns) after three consecutive mixed meals. All subjects had normal fasting plasma glucose, but increased basal levels of C-peptide were demonstrated in the transplant groups (P < 0.05 relative to Ns). Postprandial hyperglycemia was increased 14% in Kx and 32% in Px (P < 0.05), whereas compared with Ns postprandial C-peptide levels were increased three- and twofold, respectively, in Kx and Px (P < 0.05). Compared with Ns basal insulin secretion rate (combined model) was increased 2-fold in Kx and 1.4-fold in Px (P < 0.05). Maximal insulin secretion rate was reduced 25% in Px compared with Kx (P < 0.05) but not different from that of Ns (P NS). Also, maximal insulin secretion rate occurred later in Px than in controls (Tmax: Px 50 min, Kx 30 min, and Ns 32 min; P < 0.05). The total integrated insulin secretion was increased 1.4-fold in Px compared with Ns (P < 0.05) but decreased 1.4-fold compared with Kx (P < 0.05). Fasting and postprandial proinsulin-to-C-peptide molar ratios were inappropriately increased in Px compared with Kx and Ns. Basal hepatic glucose production was increased 43% in Px and 33% in Kx compared with Ns (P < 0.05). Postprandial total systemic glucose appearance was similar in all three groups, whereas peripheral glucose disposal was 15% reduced in Px (P < 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

scholarly journals Bergenin protects pancreatic beta cells against cytokine-induced apoptosis in INS-1E cells

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0241349
Author(s):  
Sajid Ali Rajput ◽  
Munazza Raza Mirza ◽  
M. Iqbal Choudhary
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Beta Cells ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cells ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Beta Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Atp Levels ◽  
Induced Apoptosis

Beta cell apoptosis induced by proinflammatory cytokines is one of the hallmarks of diabetes. Small molecules which can inhibit the cytokine-induced apoptosis could lead to new drug candidates that can be used in combination with existing therapeutic interventions against diabetes. The current study evaluated several effects of bergenin, an isocoumarin derivative, in beta cells in the presence of cytokines. These included (i) increase in beta cell viability (by measuring cellular ATP levels) (ii) suppression of beta cell apoptosis (by measuring caspase activity), (iii) improvement in beta cell function (by measuring glucose-stimulated insulin secretion), and (iv) improvement of beta cells mitochondrial physiological functions. The experiments were carried out using rat beta INS-1E cell line in the presence or absence of bergenin and a cocktail of proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interferon- gamma) for 48 hr. Bergenin significantly inhibited beta cell apoptosis, as inferred from the reduction in the caspase-3 activity (IC50 = 7.29 ± 2.45 μM), and concurrently increased cellular ATP Levels (EC50 = 1.97 ± 0.47 μM). Bergenin also significantly enhanced insulin secretion (EC50 = 6.73 ± 2.15 μM) in INS-1E cells, presumably because of the decreased nitric oxide production (IC50 = 6.82 ± 2.83 μM). Bergenin restored mitochondrial membrane potential (EC50 = 2.27 ± 0.83 μM), decreased ROS production (IC50 = 14.63 ± 3.18 μM), and improved mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity (EC50 = 1.39 ± 0.62 μM). This study shows for the first time that bergenin protected beta cells from cytokine-induced apoptosis and restored insulin secretory function by virtue of its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-apoptotic properties. To sum up, the above mentioned data highlight bergenin as a promising anti-apoptotic agent in the context of diabetes.

scholarly journals OR31-6 Insulin Sensitivity and Pancreatic Beta-Cell Function in Patients with Primary Aldosteronism

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shivraj Grewal ◽  
Andin Fosam ◽  
Liam Chalk ◽  
Arjun Deven ◽  
Mari Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Primary Aldosteronism ◽  
Beta Cell Function ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cell ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cell Function
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