scholarly journals Response of grain yield to plant density and nitrogen rate in spring maize hybrids released from 1970 to 2010 in Northeast China

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 459-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunrong Qian ◽  
Yang Yu ◽  
Xiujie Gong ◽  
Yubo Jiang ◽  
Yang Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Nitrogen Rate ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Spring Maize

scholarly journals Evaluation of Grain Yield of Heat Stress Resilient Maize Hybrids in Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 511-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keshab Babu Koirala ◽  
Yagya Prasad Giri ◽  
Tirtha Raj Rijal ◽  
Pervez Haider Zaidi ◽  
Ajanahalli Ramaiaha Sadananda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
High Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Spring Maize ◽  
Maize Cultivation ◽  
Ear Height

Midhills, foot hills and river basin areas of are generally under spring maize cultivation. These areas along with the areas from Terai and Inner Terai where spring and early summer maize are grown are the most affected from heat stress. Identification and selection of suitable varieties and traits for high temperature tolerance is vital to produce heat resilient genotypes.With a view to identify high yielding heat stress resilient maize hybrids, genotypes received from International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT) were evaluated in alpha lattice design with two to three replications at Rampur, Nepalgunj and Surkhet in 2013/014, 2014/015 and 2015/016. Total 57 trials consisting of 7764 maize hyrbids were evaluated under heat stress conditions. At Nepalgunj and Surkhet, trials were planted in March/April. Out of the tested genotypes, 24 hybrids were found promising based on grain yield, plant and ear height. These 24 hybrids along with four National Maize Research Program (NMRP) developed and two multi-national companies’ hybrids as checks were tested in multilocation trials at Dumarwana, Nijgadh, Nawalparasi and Rampur in 2014/015. Out of these 24 hybrids, eight were selected and tested during 2015/016 in Dumarwana, Nijgadh, Nawalparasi, Anandapur and Rampur. Based on results combined over years and locations CAH-151 (8629 kg ha-1) and CAH-153 (8955 kg ha-1) were registered for general cultivation as Rampur Hybrid-8 and Rampur Hybrid-10, respectively. Other promising hybrids were CAH-1511 (8800 kg ha-1) followed by CAH-1515 (8678 kg ha-1), RML-95/RML-96 (8486 kg ha-1), CAH-1513 (8258 kg ha-1) and RML-86/RML-96 (7544 kg ha-1), respectively. Stability analysis revealed that CAH-151, CAH-153, CAH-1515, CAH-1511 and RML-95/RML-96 are stable hybrids having good performance.

scholarly journals Planting Density and Variety Modulated Root and Leaf Characteristics to Improve Grain Yield of Spring Maize

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (01) ◽  
pp. 43-51
Author(s):  
Qinglong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Root Number ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Spring Maize ◽  
Maize Varieties

To better understand the accumulation and transport of substances under different planting densities, the adaptation of maize root and leaf in response to increasing planting densities was investigated. In this two-year filed study, three maize varieties, Fumin108 (FM), Xianyu335 (XY) and Dika159 (DK), were sown under three different planting densities: 15,000 (D1), 60,000 (D2) and 90,000 plants ha-1 (D3) during 2018 and 2019. Increase in planting density gradually increased leaf area index along with reduced leaf area and net photosynthetic rate of individual leaves. In the 0–20 cm soil layer, the average root dry matter decreased by 55.88 and 80.92%, and the average root number decreased by 31.18 and 38.71% under D2 and D3, respectively, compared with D1. With increase in planting density, yield and dry matter per plant of maize gradually decreased while yield and dry matter per ha was increased with increase in D1-D2 density and then flattened in D2-D3 density. Compared with D1, two-year average yield per plant was decreased by 34.10 and 51.87% under D2 and D3, respectively. The difference in the number of roots of XY, FM and DK were not significant, so change in variety did not alleviate the decrease in the number of roots. At higher planting densities (above D2), the increase in density did not increase per ha grain yield. In conclusion, the suitable plant density was about 60,000 plants ha-1 to harvest more yield of spring maize while density higher than that reduced leaf area and photosynthesis per plant. Moreover, leaf area, root number and net photosynthesis per plant was higher in lower planting density coupled with overall less yield on ha basis and thus seemed wastage of soil nutrients and light resources. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers

Effect of Low Nitrogen Rate Combined with High Plant Density on Grain Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Super Rice

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (10) ◽  
pp. 1591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Bing XIE ◽  
Xue-Feng ZHOU ◽  
Peng JIANG ◽  
Jia-Na CHEN ◽  
Rui-Chun ZHANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Nitrogen Rate ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
High Plant Density ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Low Nitrogen

scholarly journals GENOTIPSKI ODGOVOR NS HIBRIDA KUKURUZA NA POVEĆANU GUSTINU USEVA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivica Djalovic ◽  
◽  
Vuk Radojevic ◽  
Vojislav Mihailovic ◽  
Sanja Vasiljevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Use Efficiency

Maize density is an important factor in cultivation which has significant effect on growth parameters. Newer hybrids have greater grain yield at higher plant densities than older hybrids. Differences in grain yield between older and newer maize hybrids were shown to be a function of plant population density. Optimum plant density for maximum grain yield per unit area may differ from hybrid to hybrid on account of significant interactions between hybrids and densities. Modern hybrids have shown tendencies to withstand higher levels of stress (i.e.- low N, high plant densities), which allow them to better sustain suitable photosynthetic rates, appropriate assimilate supplies, and maintain plant growth rates attributable to enhanced mineral nutrition and water use efficiency.

scholarly journals Ecological approach in the adapted breeding system of mid-late maize hybrids (FAO 300-399) in the Lower Volga region

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Sergey Aleksandrovich Zaytsev ◽  
Valeriy Ivanovich Zhuzhukin ◽  
Lyudmila Aleksandrovna Gudova ◽  
Dmitriy Petrovich Volkov ◽  
Svetlana Aleksandrovna Guseva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Hydrothermal Coefficient ◽  
Lower Volga Region ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Cultivation Technique ◽  
Plot Area ◽  
Harvest Moisture

The article examines the results of the ecological testing of maize hybrids (FAO 300-399), created in different selective centers of Russia. The volume of nursery ecological testing of hybrids varied in the range of 15-30 titles. Plot area 14.8 m2. The plant density for harvesting in the Saratov region is 45 thousand plants / ha. Repetition three times. The cultivation technique is zonal. The hydrothermal coefficient during the growing season varied from 0.32 to 1.1. The amplitude of variation of the parameters of maize hybrids in the years of research was: plant height - 149.1 ... 268.1 cm; the height of the cob is 37.8 ... 106.0 cm; grain yield - 1.13 ... 8.69 t / ha; harvest moisture content of grain - 9.21 ... 46.85%; the protein content in the grain is 7.16 ... 13.83%. Insignificant coefficients of skewness (As) and kurtosis in most years of research characterize the samples of hybrids as corresponding to the normal distribution. As a result of the research, it has been established that, in terms of grain yield of corn hybrids, hybrids created at the FGBNU «NСZ im. P.P. Lukyanenko», which also feature increased grain moisture during harvesting. Lower costs for drying grain will be required for the cultivation of hybrids Ak – OOO «Agroplasma», OOO «Pioneer Hi-Brad Rus», FGBNU «NСZ im. P.P. Lukyanenko»

Effects of Plant Density on Agronomic Traits and Yield in Spring Maize Zhongdan 909 and Their Regional Differences in Northeast China

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (12) ◽  
pp. 2267-2277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen-Wei SONG ◽  
Hua QI ◽  
Zhen-Ping ZHANG ◽  
Chun-Rong QIAN ◽  
Jin-Rui GUO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northeast China ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Spring Maize

scholarly journals Slow-release nitrogen fertiliser suitable for one-time fertilisation of spring maize in Northeast China  

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojie Feng ◽  
Xiumei Zhan ◽  
Xiaori Han ◽  
Kun Chen ◽  
Jing Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Liaoning Province ◽  
Nitrogen Accumulation ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Nitrogen Fertiliser ◽  
Spring Maize ◽  
Use Efficiency

Slow-release nitrogen fertiliser can potentially increase crop production and improve fertiliser nitrogen use efficiency. However, it is unclear that are suitable for different regions and crops in the northeast of China. Therefore, according to different soil and climate characteristics, we investigated the synchronised relationships between nitrogen slow release fertiliser and nitrogen maize requirements. Experiments were conducted at Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning province, Northeast China, from 2016 to 2017. Stabilised fertiliser treatments increased grain yield, nitrogen use efficiency and nitrogen accumulation at each maize growth stage. Grain yield increased by 2.32% and 11.33% (2016), and 1.55% and 7.87% (2017), respectively, when compared with the urea CK1 (233 kg N/ha)<br /> and CK2 (210 kg N/ha) treatments. Additionally, during the growth period of the stabilised fertiliser treatment, the stability of the synchronisation relationship between nitrogen absorption and absorption of spring maize was significantly higher than other treatments, and the effect was the best. Therefore, we conclude that the stabilised fertiliser is the most suitable option for promotion and application in spring maize in Northeast China.  

Responses of maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids to sowing date, N fertiliser and plant density in different years

2005 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Berzsenyi ◽  
D. Q. Lap
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Quadratic Function ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Maize Grain

The responses of Hungarian-bred maize hybrids with different vegetation periods to sowing date, N fertiliser and plant density were studied in small-plot field experiments between 2002 and 2004. The maize grain yield was highest in the early and optimum sowing date treatments (8.563 and 8.325 t ha-1) and significantly less in the late and very late treatments (7.908 and 7.279 t ha-1). The year had a substantial effect on both the yield and the grain moisture content. In a long-term maize monoculture experiment set up in 1961, the N fertiliser responses of 6 maize hybrids with different vegetation periods were investigated. Averaged over the years 2002 and 2004 the maize grain yields in the N treatments were as follows (t ha-1): N0: 4.780, N80: 7.479, N160: 8.577, N240: 8.226. The grain yield and yield stability of maize were greatest at a N rate of 160 kg ha-1. The yield response was similar in both years, but the year had a considerable effect on the yield level. The N supplies to maize plants during the vegetation period could be well characterised using a SPAD 502 chlorophyll meter in the R3 phenological stage (18-22 days after silking). The plant density responses of maize hybrids were described by fitting a quadratic function to the data of 19-22 hybrids in the years 2002-2004. The optimum plant density averaged over the hybrids was between 67,483 and 70,161 plants ha-1. The maximum yield associated with optimum plant density was 7.978 t ha-1 in 2002, 6.60 t ha-1 in 2003 and 9.37 t ha-1 in 2004. The annual patterns of plant density responses for the maize hybrids exhibited considerable differences.

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