scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF KNOWLEDGE, COMFORT LEVEL, AND CLINICAL PRACTICES OF MEDICINE RESIDENTS REGARDING THE TOPIC OF SMOKING CESSATION AND HARM REDUCTION: ARE WE TRAINING OUR RESIDENTS WELL ENOUGH?

CHEST Journal ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 158 (4) ◽  
pp. A2368
Author(s):  
Ahmad Raza ◽  
Ahmad Arslan ◽  
Nayab Nadeem ◽  
Umer Shoukat ◽  
Bilal Lashari
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Harm Reduction ◽  
Comfort Level ◽  
Clinical Practices

scholarly journals Learning from Ontario’s municipal drug strategies: an implementation framework for reducing harm through coordinated prevention, enforcement, treatment, and housing

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Anthony Piscitelli
Keyword(s):  
Harm Reduction ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Mission Statements ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
Canadian Province ◽  
Implementation Framework ◽  
Vision Statements

Since 2001, when Vancouver completed its integrated drug strategy, other Canadian municipalities have begun to explore their role in addressing addictions issues. This article reviews reports from ten municipal drug strategies written in the Canadian province of Ontario to develop recommendations for practitioners wishing to implement their own drug strategy. Note that this paper’s focus is on implementation, and it does not seek to evaluate the underlying clinical practices involved in such strategies. All published reports from 10 municipal drug strategies in Ontario released between 2005 and 2015 were read and analyzed using thematic analysis. Similarities are found between the different strategies approaches to data gathering, the vision statements, the mission statements, and the principles of service. Each municipality was also found to focus on four pillars: prevention, treatment, enforcement, and harm reduction. Some municipalities added an additional pillar: integration, sustaining relationships, or housing. These pillars were used to frame the strategies recommendations. Ten questions for municipalities to consider in their own drug strategy consultations are recommended.

scholarly journals Assessing the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Cigarette Smokers and Use of Alternative Nicotine Delivery Systems in Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Abdul Hameed ◽  
Daud Malik
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Harm Reduction ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Weak Link ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Tobacco Harm Reduction ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Nicotine Delivery

Background. This research has been conducted to assess smokers’ knowledge and behavior vis-à-vis combustible smoking cessation, prevalence, and risk, and the use of alternative nicotine delivery systems to quit smoking. Methods. A mixed-method approach utilizing cross section primary survey data and comprising descriptive and s-KAP index analysis has been adopted to ascertain the relationship between dependent and independent s-KAP variables; the principal component analysis methodology has been used to determine the use of alternative nicotine delivery systems. Results. Most of the smokers were aged between 15 and 35 years. A predominant 69.8% of the smokers came from middle-class background. Moreover, 71.3% were unaware of any alternative Tobacco Harm Reduction product. A majority of the respondents (68.2%) were keen to quit smoking. However, when asked why they had not succeeded, 52.9% reported addiction to nicotine as the main impediment. In Pakistan, lack of smoking cessation services is the weak link in the fight against the tobacco epidemic. Smokers are generally unaware of the Tobacco Harm Reduction products available in Pakistan; moreover, only 10.9% of the respondents were willing to spend more than Rs. 4000 per month on Tobacco Harm Reduction products. The average s-KAP score for young adults below the age of 20 was much lower than the national average but improved with the level of education. Interestingly, the score of smokers who had ever tried to quit smoking was slightly higher than that of those who had never tried to quit. Conclusion. There is intent to quit combustible smoking but the policy and infrastructure necessary for successful quitting are missing. Pakistan needs to concentrate on two fronts: a large scale awareness campaign against the use and harms of combustible smoking and simultaneously providing affordable and accessible smoking services across the country. Pakistan should look at the use and regulation of safer nicotine products in the UK. The country should carefully weigh the options of ensuring how to incorporate the use of safer nicotine delivery systems in its tobacco control efforts.

scholarly journals Toxicology of Ngirimbo Samples across Chitipa District

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vita Mithi ◽  
John F. Kamanula ◽  
Ashok Pandey ◽  
Rebecca S. Dewey
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Harm Reduction ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Tobacco Harm Reduction ◽  
Nicotine Content ◽  
Toxicological Studies ◽  
Clinical Consequences

Abstract Introduction: Smokeless tobacco describes a wide variety of tobacco products that do not require combustion, and is typically used either orally or nasally. Ngirimbo is a form of oral smokeless tobacco used by smokers in Malawi for tobacco harm reduction. The aim of this study was to determine the acidity (pH), nicotine content, mineral content (iron, zinc, calcium, magnesium and copper), heavy metal content (lead, chromium and cadmium), and presence of other volatile compounds in ngirimbo across Chitipa District in Malawi . Methods: Atomic absorption spectrophotometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry were used to estimate nicotine content, concentration of toxic heavy metals, minerals of potential toxicity and other harmful chemicals in the samples. Results: Samples were found to contain harmful chemicals, high pH and nicotine [2-(1-methyl-2-pyrolidinyl)-pyridine, (S)- and (S)-3-(1-methyl-2-pyrolidinyl)-pyridine] levels. Mineral concentrations were found to be much higher than typical safety limits. Conversely, samples were not found to contain lead, and had low concentrations of chromium and cadmium. Conclusions: These findings suggest that prolonged use of ngirimbo is a significant health risk to people with chronic diseases. Nonetheless, ngirimbo provides a valid method of tobacco harm reduction and a potential smoking cessation tool. Therefore, further analytical toxicological studies are needed to fully characterize variations in the quality of the product. Implications : Consumers of ngirimbo are susceptible to acute toxic effects of oral and dermal exposure to the product, as well as addiction. Some individuals would suffer from convulsions or seizures following ngirimbo use, and other clinical consequences depending on the amount ingested. However, understanding the amount of nicotine, and other volatile constituents, consumed through ngirimbo use will help to generate recommendations for quantity and frequency of use. Further, establishing the threshold of harm for nicotine consumption will contribute to the extraction, isolation, and use of nicotine as a smoking-cessation agent, and for treating psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s.

Smokeless tobacco, smoking cessation and harm reduction: an economic analysis

2004 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard W. Ault ◽  
Robert B. Ekelund ◽  
John D. Jackson ◽  
Richard P. Saba
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Harm Reduction ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Tobacco Smoking
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