scholarly journals A Rare Case of Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Infection Causing Cold-Agglutinin Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia

CHEST Journal ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 150 (4) ◽  
pp. 192A
Author(s):  
Robert Chao ◽  
Kayur Shah
Keyword(s):  
Hemolytic Anemia ◽  
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae ◽  
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Cold Agglutinin ◽  
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Infection

A Rare Case of Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia Caused by Warm-reacting IgM-class Antibodies Associated with Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 154 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S166-S166
Author(s):  
M Abdelmonem ◽  
H Wasim ◽  
M Abdelmonem
Keyword(s):  
Hemolytic Anemia ◽  
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae ◽  
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia ◽  
Hemoglobin Level ◽  
Cytotoxic Agents ◽  
Cold Agglutinin ◽  
Packed Red Blood Cells ◽  
Thermal Amplitude ◽  
History Of

Abstract Introduction/Objective Warm autoantibodies are usually IgG-class and/or IgA-class immunoglobulins. may be classified as agglutinins or hemolysins, which may be incomplete or complete, depending on in vitro serology; they almost always bind complement. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia with only warm IgM autoantibodies is extremely rare. Methods A 91-year-old Caucasian male with hypertension presented with non-productive cough for two weeks, associated with shortness of breath and fatigue. He has a paste history of medical history of high degree AV block with sick sinus syndrome and bradycardia. Results He had blood pressure of 111/53 and heart rate of 50. Laboratory investigations showed leukocytes count of 7, Hemoglobin level of 5.6 g/dl, hematocrit level of 15.5%, platelets count of 267, total bilirubin of 5.6 mg/dL, direct bilirubin of 0.7 mg/dL, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) of 372 U/L and IgM titer for Mycoplasma pneumoniae was 1493 units/mL (Ref < 770). He was transfused four units of packed red blood cells as emergency release due to a positive antibody screen. His hemoglobin level increased from 5.6 g/dL to 7.2 g/dL then it decreased from 8.2 g/dL to 5.6 g/dL the next two days. Direct antiglobulin test was 3+ positive for C3d and Negative for IgG. He finished a 7-day course of antibiotic treatment. The results the Cold-agglutinin titer and thermal amplitude test were suggestive of an IgM warm autoantibody and a cold agglutinin of a moderate titer. The results exclude a diagnosis of cold agglutinin syndrome. Conclusion Mycoplasma pneumonia is mainly associated with cold agglutinin syndrome but it is very rare to be associated with WAIHA. WAIHA with a DAT positive for C3 only is relatively rare with an incidence ranging between 6% and 13% and can have a clinical picture ranging from mild to severe anemia. Severe symptomatic hemolysis can be treated with Rituximab, cytotoxic agents or plasmapheresis.

scholarly journals Cold Agglutinin-Mediated Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia in Association with Antiphospholipid Syndrome

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Ram Gelman ◽  
Fadi Kharouf ◽  
Yuval Ishay ◽  
Alexander Gural
Keyword(s):  
Hemolytic Anemia ◽  
Antiphospholipid Syndrome ◽  
Complement Activation ◽  
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia ◽  
Cold Agglutinin ◽  
Primary Antiphospholipid Syndrome ◽  
Unique Case ◽  
Hematologic Disorders ◽  
Clear Association ◽  
Immune Mediated

Antiphospholipid syndrome and cold agglutinin-mediated autoimmune hemolytic anemia are 2 distinct immune-mediated hematologic disorders. While no clear association exists between these 2 entities, complement activation is known to occur in both of them. Herein, we report a unique case of cold agglutinin hemolytic anemia in a patient with a known primary antiphospholipid syndrome.

scholarly journals A Rare Case of Cold Agglutinin Hemolytic Anemia Induced Gangrene

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-117
Author(s):  
Love Daoud ◽  
Vivian Shokry ◽  
Ehab Daoud
Keyword(s):  
Hemolytic Anemia ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Medical Literature ◽  
Cold Agglutinin ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus ◽  
Cold Agglutinin Disease ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Indirect Bilirubin

Gangrene is a rare and extreme presentation of cold agglutinin disease and our case is one of only few published reports in medical literature (less than twenty). In our patient severe hemolysis as manifested by elevated indirect bilirubin, LDH and low haptoglobin was triggered by unusual infectious organisms (E. Coli and Coagulase negative Staphylococcus).J MEDICINE July 2015; 16 (2) : 115-117

scholarly journals Cold agglutinin-mediated autoimmune hemolytic anemia associated with COVID-19 infection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chee Yik Chang ◽  
Huang Hin Chin ◽  
Pek Woon Chin ◽  
Masliza Zaid
Keyword(s):  
Hemolytic Anemia ◽  
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia ◽  
Supportive Therapy ◽  
Blood Film ◽  
Cold Agglutinin ◽  
Cell Agglutination ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Systemic Corticosteroids ◽  
Packed Cell Transfusion ◽  
Oropharyngeal Swab

Abstract Cold agglutinin-mediated autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is a rare disorder associated with COVID-19 infection. Here, we present a case of COVID-19 pneumonia with concomitant cold agglutinin syndrome (CAS). On admission, the patient was anemic with reticulocytosis and the direct antiglobulin test showed the presence of anti-complement (C3d) antibodies. Peripheral blood film demonstrated red cell agglutination which was dispersible on blood warming. Chest radiography showed bilateral lower zone ground glass appearance. SARS-CoV-2 was detected in the nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swab samples by the RT-PCR method. Additional workup for malignancy, autoimmune disease, and other infections yielded negative results. Systemic corticosteroids and oxygen therapy were administered as she developed hypoxic respiratory failure. In addition, she received packed cell transfusion in view of hemolysis. Following corticosteroid and other supportive therapy, she recovered and was discharged well.

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