Uptake and translocation of metals in Spinacia oleracea L. grown on tannery sludge-amended and contaminated soils: Effect on lipid peroxidation, morpho-anatomical changes and antioxidants

Chemosphere ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 176-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarita Sinha ◽  
Shekhar Mallick ◽  
Rohit Kumar Misra ◽  
Sarita Singh ◽  
Ankita Basant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
Tannery Sludge ◽  
Anatomical Changes ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea L

scholarly journals 126 Antioxidant Responses in Detached Leaves of Two Cultivars of Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) Differing in Their Senescence Rates

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 411A-411
Author(s):  
D. Mark Hodges ◽  
Wendy V. Wismer ◽  
Charles F. Forney
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
Total Glutathione ◽  
Antioxidant Responses ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea L ◽  
Detached Leaves ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide Accumulation ◽  
Growth Chambers ◽  
Field Plots

The responses of certain antioxidants in detached leaves of two cultivars of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) differing in their senescence rates were assessed during storage in order to explore the significance of these antioxidants in senescence regulation and dynamics. To identify spinach cultivars differing in their senescence rates, 10 cultivars were grown in field plots, harvested at maturity, and their leaves detached and stored at 10 °C in the dark. At the point of harvest (d 0) and on d 5, 8, 12, and 15, samples were analyzed for lipid peroxidation (MDA), chlorophyll loss, and electrolyte leakage. The cultivars were also grown in laboratory growth chambers to corroborate field results. Two cultivars that were consistently identified as having relatively high (Spokane F1) and low (BJ 412 Sponsor) senescence rates were grown in growth chambers for 45 d, harvested at maturity, and their leaves detached and stored as above. At the point of harvest (d 0) and on d 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20, samples were analyzed for (i) activities of ascorbate peroxidase (ASPX; EC 1.11.1.11), catalase (CAT; EC 1.11.1.6), and superoxide dismutase (SOD; EC 1.15.1.1), and (ii) concentrations of MDA, total ascorbate, reduced ascorbate (AsA), oxidized ascorbate (DAsA), total glutathione, reduced glutathione (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG). Although MDA accumulated in leaves of both cultivars concomitant with time after detachment, levels became significantly higher in Spokane. Activities of ASPX declined in Spokane leaves following detachment but activities of SOD and levels of glutathione increased in this cultivar. GSH/GSSG increased in `Sponsor', but dramatically more so in `Spokane'. Ascorbate concentrations did not diminish in leaves of `Spokane' to the degree that they did in `Sponsor' tissue. DAsA/AsA values did not decrease in `Spokane' leaves following detachment, though they did in those of `Sponsor'. It is argued that declining activities of ASPX and levels of ascorbate and increasing activities of SOD manifested in accumulation of hydrogen peroxide in Spokane, leading to a greater potential for lipid peroxidation in this variety than for Sponsor. SOD activities and glutathione levels may have increased as a result of elevated oxidative stress in Spokane. Increased hydrogen peroxide accumulation in `Spokane' relative to `Sponsor' may have contributed to an increased rate of senescence in the leaves of this cultivar.

Photosynthetic function, lipid peroxidation, and α-tocopherol content in spinach leaves during exposure to UV-B radiation

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 453-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. DeLong ◽  
K. L. Steffen
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
Membrane Lipids ◽  
Photochemical Efficiency ◽  
Ultra Violet ◽  
Thylakoid Membranes ◽  
Tocopherol Content ◽  
Lipid Matrix ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea L ◽  
Spinach Leaves

Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L. 'Meridian') plants were irradiated for 9 h d−1 for 12 d with ultra-violet-B (UV-B) radiation [13.5 kJ m−2 d−1 of biologically effective UV-B radiation (UV-BBE) + 350 µmol m−2 s−1 of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR)] or PAR (350 µmol m−2 s−1) to determine if incipient UV-B-induced inhibition of photosynthetic function occurred in photosystem 2 (PS2) reaction centers or in the lipid matrix of thylakoid membranes. Chlorophyll concentrations (leaf area basis) in UV-B-irradiated spinach leaves were significantly lower than in PAR plants after 4, 8 and 12 d of exposure. A significant UV-B-induced rise in initial fluorescence (Fo) at days 8 and 10 was accompanied by a decline in the photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) ratio, indicating a reduction in the efficiency of PS2 energy harvesting and trapping. When based upon the chlorophyll content of thylakoid membranes, UV-B radiation did not alter lipid per-oxidation but did increase α-tocopherol content compared with the PAR treatment during the first 8 of the 12 exposure days. These data suggest that incipient UV-B damage to the photochemical apparatus did not occur in PS2 reaction center complexes nor in the lipid matrix of the thylakoid membranes. Photosynthetic function was more susceptible to UV-B-induced impairment than thylakoid membrane lipids were to UV-B radiation damage. Key words: ultra-violet-B radiation, chlorophyll fluorescence, lipid peroxidation, α-tocopherol

scholarly journals Melatonin and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria alleviate the cadmium and arsenic stresses and increase the growth of Spinacia oleracea L.

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 234-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahnoor Asif ◽  
Arshid Pervez ◽  
Usman Irshad ◽  
Qaisar Mehmood ◽  
Rafiq Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Exogenous Melatonin ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea L ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
The Impact

Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is a recently discovered natural product that helps the plant to cope with environmental stresses. In the same way, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria colonise plant roots and enhance plant stress tolerance. To study the impact of exogenous melatonin and Bacillus licheniformis on the growth of Spinacia oleracea L. seedlings were treated with 100 µmol exogenous melatonin and B. licheniformis under cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) stresses by a pot experiment. Different plant growth parameters, antioxidant enzymes, and lipid peroxidation were studied. The results showed that melatonin application and B. licheniformis inoculation alleviated As and Cd toxicity by significantly reducing the negative impacts of stresses and increasing the fresh and dry weight as well as preventing the damage to the chlorophyll content of S. oleracea L. Moreover, supplementation of melatonin, and B. licheniformis, enhanced activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, thus acting as a line of defense against As and Cd stresses. Similarly, lipid peroxidation was also inhibited by exogenous melatonin and B. licheniformis inoculation. Exogenous application of melatonin and inoculating roots of S. oleracea L. with B. licheniformis found to ameliorate the harmful effects of As and Cd contamination.

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