Modeling the impact of direct phototransformation on predicted environmental concentrations (PECs) of propranolol hydrochloride in UK and US rivers

Chemosphere ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 757-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul F. Robinson ◽  
Qin-Tao Liu ◽  
Andrew M. Riddle ◽  
Richard Murray-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Propranolol Hydrochloride ◽  
Environmental Concentrations ◽  
Predicted Environmental Concentrations ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Chemotherapeutic Drugs in Lebanese Surface Waters: Estimation of Population Exposure and Identification of High-Risk Drugs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yolande Saab ◽  
Zahi Nakad ◽  
Rita Rahme
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Mycophenolate Mofetil ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Mycophenolic Acid ◽  
Active Ingredients ◽  
Environmental Concentrations ◽  
Predicted Environmental Concentrations ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Environmental risk assessment of anti-cancer drugs and their transformation products is a major concern worldwide due to two main factors: the consumption of chemotherapeutic agents is increasing throughout the years and conventional water treatment processes seem to be ineffective. The aim of the study is to investigate the consumption of anticancer drugs and assess their potential health hazard as contaminants of the Lebanese surface waters. Data on yearly consumption of 259 anti-neoplastic drugs over the years 2013 to 2018 were collected and the following parameters were calculated: yearly consumption of single active ingredients, yearly consumption of drug equivalents (for drugs belonging to the same pharmacologic class/ having the same active ingredient) and Predicted Environmental Concentrations. The classification of compounds into risk categories was based on exposure using Predicted Environmental Concentrations (PECs). The top five most commonly consumed drugs are Mycophenolate mofetil, Hydroxycarbamide, Capecitibine, Mycophenolic acid and Azathioprine. Based on the calculated PEC values of single active ingredients as well as their equivalents, six high risk priority compounds were identified: Mycophenolate mofetil, Hydroxycarbamide, Capecitibine, Mycophenolic acid and Azathioprine and 5-Fluorouracil. The impact of these micropollutants on animals as well as humans was analyzed. This research paper stresses the importance of further analysis of chemotherapy micropollutants with major focus on high risk drugs. Additionally, regulations should be set in place to ensure proper management of waste water and the development of efficient waste water treatment plants.

Determination of cytostatic drugs in Besòs River (NE Spain) and comparison with predicted environmental concentrations

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 6492-6503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Franquet-Griell ◽  
Deborah Cornadó ◽  
Josep Caixach ◽  
Francesc Ventura ◽  
Silvia Lacorte
Keyword(s):  
Cytostatic Drugs ◽  
Environmental Concentrations ◽  
Predicted Environmental Concentrations ◽  
Ne Spain

Predicted Environmental Concentrations: A Useful Tool to Evaluate the Presence of Cytostatics in Surface Waters

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristian Gómez-Canela ◽  
Mónica S. F. Santos ◽  
Helena Franquet-Griell ◽  
Arminda Alves ◽  
Francesc Ventura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Environmental Concentrations ◽  
Predicted Environmental Concentrations

scholarly journals Modelling the impact of climate change on the atmospheric transport and the fate of persistent organic pollutants in the Arctic

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 6549-6559 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Hansen ◽  
J. H. Christensen ◽  
C. Geels ◽  
J. D. Silver ◽  
J. Brandt
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Persistent Organic Pollutants ◽  
Atmospheric Transport ◽  
Climate Scenario ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Model Studies ◽  
Environmental Concentrations ◽  
Mean Temperature ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. The Danish Eulerian Hemispheric Model (DEHM) was applied to investigate how projected climate changes will affect the atmospheric transport of 13 persistent organic pollutants (POPs) to the Arctic and their environmental fate within the Arctic. Three sets of simulations were performed, one with present day emissions and initial environmental concentrations from a 20-year spin-up simulation, one with present day emissions and with initial environmental concentrations set to zero and one without emissions but with initial environmental concentrations from the 20-year spin-up simulation. Each set of simulations consisted of two 10-year time slices representing the present (1990–2000) and future (2090–2100) climate conditions. DEHM was driven using meteorological input from the global circulation model, ECHAM/MPI-OM, simulating the SRES (Special Report on Emissions Scenarios) A1B climate scenario. Under the applied climate and emission scenarios, the total mass of all compounds was predicted to be up to 55 % lower across the Northern Hemisphere at the end of the 2090s than in the 1990s. The mass of HCHs within the Arctic was predicted to be up to 38 % higher, whereas the change in mass of the PCBs was predicted to range from 38 % lower to 17 % higher depending on the congener and the applied initial environmental concentrations. The results of this study also indicate that contaminants with no or a short emission history will be more rapidly transported to and build up in the arctic environment in a future warmer climate. The process that dominates the environmental behaviour of POPs in the Arctic under a future warmer climate scenario is the shift in mass of POPs from the surface media to the atmosphere induced by the higher mean temperature. This is to some degree counteracted by higher degradation rates also following the higher mean temperature. The more dominant of these two processes depends on the physical-chemical properties of the compounds. Previous model studies have predicted that the effect of a changed climate on the transport of POPs to the Arctic is moderate relative to the effect of proposed changes in emissions, which is confirmed in this study. However, the model studies do not agree on whether climate change acts to reduce or increase environmental concentrations of POPs in the Arctic, and further work is needed to resolve this matter.

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