Diffusing uphill with James Clerk Maxwell and Josef Stefan

Current Opinion in Chemical Engineering ◽

10.1016/j.coche.2016.04.003 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

pp. 106-119 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Rajamani Krishna

Keyword(s):

James Clerk Maxwell ◽

Josef Stefan

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Josef Stefan and His Contributions to Heat Transfer

Heat Transfer: Volume 3 ◽

10.1115/ht2008-56073 ◽

2008 ◽

Author(s):

John Crepeau

Keyword(s):

Heat Transfer ◽

Moving Boundary ◽

Radiation Heat Transfer ◽

The Arctic ◽

Arctic Seas ◽

James Clerk Maxwell ◽

Josef Stefan ◽

The University ◽

Solid Liquid ◽

Boltzmann Law

Josef Stefan was a professor of physics at the University of Vienna between 1863 and 1893. During his time in Vienna he was a fruitful researcher in many scientific fields, but he is best known for his work in heat transfer. He was a gifted experimentalist and theoretician who made contributions to conduction, convection and radiation heat transfer. Stefan was the first to accurately measure the thermal conductivity of gases, using a device he invented called the diathermometer. He also determined the diffusion of two gases into each other, a process now known as Maxwell-Stefan diffusion. His work provided experimental verification of the newly formulated kinetic theory of gases published by the great Scottish physicist James Clerk Maxwell. Stefan also experimentally studied the motion of gases induced by evaporation along a liquid surface, a phenomenon known as Stefan flow. In addition, Stefan received data from various expeditions on ice formation in the arctic seas. From that solid/liquid phase change data, he formulated solutions to the moving boundary problem, now called the Stefan problem. The work for which he is most famous is the T4 radiation law which he deduced from the experimental work of a number of investigators. However, his theory was not widely accepted until his former student, Ludwig Boltzmann, derived the same relation from first principles. In their honor, the T4 radiation equation is called the Stefan-Boltzmann law. Despite his varied contributions, little is known about Stefan the man. This paper gives some details on his life and describes the seminal work he performed in broad areas of heat transfer.

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The Life of James Clerk Maxwell

10.1017/cbo9780511709050 ◽

2009 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Lewis Campbell ◽

William Garnett

Keyword(s):

James Clerk Maxwell

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The two Tabors

10.1093/oso/9780198808282.003.0006 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Andrew Briggs ◽

Hans Halvorson ◽

Andrew Steane

Keyword(s):

Nineteenth Century ◽

Important Influence ◽

Cavendish Laboratory ◽

James Clerk Maxwell ◽

Personal Influence ◽

Doctoral Work ◽

The Doors

The book contains three autobiographical chapters, one from each of the authors. In this one Andrew Briggs (A.B.) presents some of his experiences. Professor David Tabor was an important scientific and personal influence on A.B. in his doctoral work at the Cavendish Laboratory in Cambridge. A visit to Mount Tabor in Israel gave a memorable opportunity for reflection on the connection between spiritual matters and physical, geographical matters. Another important influence was the humble Christian and great nineteenth-century physicist James Clerk Maxwell. Maxwell had a verse from Psalm 111 inscribed over the doors of the Cavendish laboratory. When the laboratory was moved into new premises, A.B. asked whether the inscription could be included. This was agreed by the relevant committee. It reads: ‘The works of the Lord are great, sought out of all them that have pleasure therein’: a lovely motto for scientists.

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