scholarly journals Non-uniqueness in capillary pressure–saturation–relative permeability relationships for two-phase flow in porous media: Interplay between intensity and distribution of random micro-heterogeneities

2006 ◽  
Vol 61 (20) ◽  
pp. 6786-6803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diganta Bhusan Das ◽  
Mahsanam Mirzaei ◽  
Nicholas Widdows
Keyword(s):  
Porous Media ◽  
Capillary Pressure ◽  
Relative Permeability ◽  
Two Phase Flow ◽  
Flow In Porous Media ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Two Phase

Modeling Two-Phase Flow in Porous Media Including Fluid-Fluid Interfacial Area

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Niessner ◽  
S. Majid Hassanizadeh ◽  
Dustin Crandall
Keyword(s):  
Porous Media ◽  
Capillary Pressure ◽  
Two Phase Flow ◽  
Interfacial Area ◽  
Flow In Porous Media ◽  
Extended Model ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Specific Interfacial Area ◽  
Macro Scale

We present a new numerical model for macro-scale two-phase flow in porous media which is based on a physically consistent theory of multi-phase flow. The standard approach for modeling the flow of two fluid phases in a porous medium consists of a continuity equation for each phase, an extended form of Darcy’s law as well as constitutive relationships for relative permeability and capillary pressure. This approach is known to have a number of important shortcomings and, in particular, it does not account for the presence and role of fluid–fluid interfaces. An alternative is to use an extended model which is founded on thermodynamic principles and is physically consistent. In addition to the standard equations, the model uses a balance equation for specific interfacial area. The constitutive relationship for capillary pressure involves not only saturation, but also specific interfacial area. We show how parameters can be obtained for the alternative model using experimental data from a new kind of flow cell and present results of a numerical modeling study.

Non-equilibrium effects in capillarity and interfacial area in two-phase flow: dynamic pore-network modelling

2010 ◽  
Vol 655 ◽  
pp. 38-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. JOEKAR-NIASAR ◽  
S. M. HASSANIZADEH ◽  
H. K. DAHLE
Keyword(s):  
Porous Media ◽  
Capillary Pressure ◽  
Two Phase Flow ◽  
Interfacial Area ◽  
Pore Network ◽  
Flow In Porous Media ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Specific Interfacial Area ◽  
Non Equilibrium

Current macroscopic theories of two-phase flow in porous media are based on the extended Darcy's law and an algebraic relationship between capillary pressure and saturation. Both of these equations have been challenged in recent years, primarily based on theoretical works using a thermodynamic approach, which have led to new governing equations for two-phase flow in porous media. In these equations, new terms appear related to the fluid–fluid interfacial area and non-equilibrium capillarity effects. Although there has been a growing number of experimental works aimed at investigating the new equations, a full study of their significance has been difficult as some quantities are hard to measure and experiments are costly and time-consuming. In this regard, pore-scale computational tools can play a valuable role. In this paper, we develop a new dynamic pore-network simulator for two-phase flow in porous media, called DYPOSIT. Using this tool, we investigate macroscopic relationships among average capillary pressure, average phase pressures, saturation and specific interfacial area. We provide evidence that at macroscale, average capillary pressure–saturation–interfacial area points fall on a single surface regardless of flow conditions and fluid properties. We demonstrate that the traditional capillary pressure–saturation relationship is not valid under dynamic conditions, as predicted by the theory. Instead, one has to employ the non-equilibrium capillary theory, according to which the fluids pressure difference is a function of the time rate of saturation change. We study the behaviour of non-equilibrium capillarity coefficient, specific interfacial area, and its production rate versus saturation and viscosity ratio.A major feature of our pore-network model is a new computational algorithm, which considers capillary diffusion. Pressure field is calculated for each fluid separately, and saturation is computed in a semi-implicit way. This provides more numerical stability, compared with previous models, especially for unfavourable viscosity ratios and small capillary number values.

scholarly journals Steady-State Two-Phase Flow in Porous Media: Laboratory Validation of Flow-Dependent Relative Permeability Scaling

2020 ◽  
Vol 146 ◽  
pp. 03002
Author(s):  
Marios S. Valavanides ◽  
Matthieu Mascle ◽  
Souhail Youssef ◽  
Olga Vizika
Keyword(s):  
Porous Media ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Relative Permeability ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Two Phase Flow ◽  
Flow In Porous Media ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Relative Permeabilities ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Local Flow

The phenomenology of steady-state two-phase flow in porous media is recorded in SCAL relative permeability diagrams. Conventionally, relative permeabilities are considered to be functions of saturation. Yet, this has been put into challenge by theoretical, numerical and laboratory studies that have revealed a significant dependency on the flow rates. These studies suggest that relative permeability models should include the functional dependence on flow intensities. Just recently a general form of dependence has been inferred, based on extensive simulations with the DeProF model for steady-state two-phase flows in pore networks. The simulations revealed a systematic dependence of the relative permeabilities on the local flow rate intensities that can be described analytically by a universal scaling functional form of the actual independent variables of the process, namely, the capillary number, Ca, and the flow rate ratio, r. In this work, we present the preliminary results of a systematic laboratory study using a high throughput core-flood experimentation setup, whereby SCAL measurements have been taken on a sandstone core across different flow conditions -spanning 6 orders of magnitude on Ca and r. The scope is to provide a preliminary proof-of-concept, to assess the applicability of the model and validate its specificity. The proposed scaling opens new possibilities in improving SCAL protocols and other important applications, e.g. field scale simulators.

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