scholarly journals Role of VAMP7-Dependent Secretion of Reticulon 3 in Neurite Growth

Cell Reports ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 108536
Author(s):  
José Wojnacki ◽  
Sébastien Nola ◽  
Philippe Bun ◽  
Béatrice Cholley ◽  
Francesca Filippini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurite Growth

scholarly journals Role of VAMP7-dependent secretion of reticulon 3 in neurite growth

Cell Reports ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 109006
Author(s):  
José Wojnacki ◽  
Sébastien Nola ◽  
Philippe Bun ◽  
Béatrice Cholley ◽  
Francesca Filippini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurite Growth

scholarly journals Loss of Wwox Causes Defective Development of Cerebral Cortex with Hypomyelination in a Rat Model of Lethal Dwarfism with Epilepsy

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (14) ◽  
pp. 3596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuki Tochigi ◽  
Yutaka Takamatsu ◽  
Jun Nakane ◽  
Rika Nakai ◽  
Kentaro Katayama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Early Death ◽  
Neurite Growth ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Putative Tumor Suppressor ◽  
Severe Reduction

WW domain-containing oxidoreductase (Wwox) is a putative tumor suppressor. Several germline mutations of Wwox have been associated with infant neurological disorders characterized by epilepsy, growth retardation, and early death. Less is known, however, about the pathological link between Wwox mutations and these disorders or the physiological role of Wwox in brain development. In this study, we examined age-related expression and histological localization of Wwox in forebrains as well as the effects of loss of function mutations in the Wwox gene in the immature cortex of a rat model of lethal dwarfism with epilepsy (lde/lde). Immunostaining revealed that Wwox is expressed in neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. lde/lde cortices were characterized by a reduction in neurite growth without a reduced number of neurons, severe reduction in myelination with a reduced number of mature oligodendrocytes, and a reduction in cell populations of astrocytes and microglia. These results indicate that Wwox is essential for normal development of neurons and glial cells in the cerebral cortex.

scholarly journals Developmental axon regrowth and primary neuron sprouting utilize distinct actin elongation factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 219 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiri P. Yaniv ◽  
Hagar Meltzer ◽  
Idan Alyagor ◽  
Oren Schuldiner
Keyword(s):  
Neurite Growth ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Neuronal Regeneration ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Elongation Factors ◽  
Dynamic Expression ◽  
Unique System

Intrinsic neurite growth potential is a key determinant of neuronal regeneration efficiency following injury. The stereotypical remodeling of Drosophila γ-neurons includes developmental regrowth of pruned axons to form adult specific connections, thereby offering a unique system to uncover growth potential regulators. Motivated by the dynamic expression in remodeling γ-neurons, we focus here on the role of actin elongation factors as potential regulators of developmental axon regrowth. We found that regrowth in vivo requires the actin elongation factors Ena and profilin, but not the formins that are expressed in γ-neurons. In contrast, primary γ-neuron sprouting in vitro requires profilin and the formin DAAM, but not Ena. Furthermore, we demonstrate that DAAM can compensate for the loss of Ena in vivo. Similarly, DAAM mutants express invariably high levels of Ena in vitro. Thus, we show that different linear actin elongation factors function in distinct contexts even within the same cell type and that they can partially compensate for each other.

scholarly journals Role of the Sec22b–E-Syt complex in neurite growth and ramification

2020 ◽  
Vol 133 (18) ◽  
pp. jcs247148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Gallo ◽  
Lydia Danglot ◽  
Francesca Giordano ◽  
Bailey Hewlett ◽  
Thomas Binz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Opposite Effect ◽  
Neurite Growth ◽  
Lipid Transfer ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Lipid Transfer Proteins ◽  
Contact Sites ◽  
Developing Neurons ◽  
Clostridial Neurotoxin

ABSTRACTAxons and dendrites are long and often ramified neurites that need particularly intense plasma membrane (PM) expansion during the development of the nervous system. Neurite growth depends on non-fusogenic Sec22b–Stx1 SNARE complexes at endoplasmic reticulum (ER)–PM contacts. Here, we show that Sec22b interacts with members of the extended synaptotagmin (E-Syt) family of ER lipid transfer proteins (LTPs), and this interaction depends on the longin domain of Sec22b. Overexpression of E-Syts stabilizes Sec22b–Stx1 association, whereas silencing of E-Syts has the opposite effect. Overexpression of wild-type E-Syt2, but not mutants unable to transfer lipids or attach to the ER, increase the formation of axonal filopodia and ramification of neurites in developing neurons. This effect is inhibited by a clostridial neurotoxin cleaving Stx1, and expression of the Sec22b longin domain and a Sec22b mutant with an extended linker between the SNARE and transmembrane domains. We conclude that Sec22b–Stx1 ER–PM contact sites contribute to PM expansion by interacting with LTPs, such as E-Syts.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.

The role of voltage-gated Ca 2+ channels in neurite growth of cultured chromaffin cells induced by extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic field stimulation

1998 ◽  
Vol 291 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Consuelo Morgado-Valle ◽  
Leticia Verdugo-Díaz ◽  
David E. García ◽  
Christian Morales-Orozco ◽  
R. Drucker-Colín
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Chromaffin Cells ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Neurite Growth ◽  
Field Stimulation ◽  
Extremely Low Frequency ◽  
Voltage Gated ◽  
Elf Magnetic Field

The role of cAMP and its downstream targets in neurite growth in the adult nervous system

2017 ◽  
Vol 652 ◽  
pp. 56-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas J. Batty ◽  
Keith K. Fenrich ◽  
Karim Fouad
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Neurite Growth ◽  
Downstream Targets

CNS Myelin: Does a Stabilizing Role in Neurodevelopment Result in Inhibition of Neuronal Repair after Adult Injury?

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. S. Keirstead ◽  
John D. Steeves
Keyword(s):  
Neural Development ◽  
Neurite Growth ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Axonal Plasticity ◽  
Collateral Sprouting ◽  
Axonal Connections

The inhibitory properties of mature oligodendrocytes and CNS myelin for neurite outgrowth were clearly documented more than a decade ago in studies involving co-cultures of dissociated glial cells and neurons. Since then, in vitro and in vivo studies have begun to characterize some of the CNS myelin-associated inhibitors of neurite growth. Furthermore, experimental techniques for neutralizing or suppressing these inhibitory effects have been developed. The results of several experiments, involving the suppression of myelination in the developing or adult CNS, suggest that the relatively late appearance of CNS myelin during neural development may serve to stabilize and restrict axonal outgrowth (e.g., collateral sprouting) after appropriate axonal connections have been established. This suggested developmental role of myelin may consolidate and limit the degree of axonal plasticity within the adult CNS; consequently, however, it might also limit axonal regeneration after injury.

scholarly journals Noncanonical Adult Human Neurogenesis and Axonal Growth as Possible Structural Basis of Recovery From Traumatic Vegetative State

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 117954761773204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulia Vainshenker ◽  
Vsevolod Zinserling ◽  
Alexander Korotkov ◽  
Svyatoslav Medvedev
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative State ◽  
Axonal Growth ◽  
Neurite Growth ◽  
Occipital Cortex ◽  
Structural Basis ◽  
Mammillary Bodies ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Life Improvement ◽  
Areas Of Interest

Patient recovering from traumatic vegetative state has suddenly died from cardiac arrest. In-life improvement of consciousness appeared after reduction of generalized spasticity due to botulinum toxin administration. Neuropathologic examination revealed Musashi1+, Nestin+, PCNA+, and Ki67+ cells in the hippocampus, frontal, parietal and occipital cortex, caudate, thalamus, mammillary bodies, brainstem, cerebellum, and near the posterior horn of the lateral ventricle. New neurons with neurite growth (TUC4+) appeared in corpus callosum. At the same time, axonal growth was detected in all areas of interest. New cells whose functional state was continuously improving, as revealed by in-life neurologic and positron emission tomography monitoring, have mainly been found in brain areas without neuropathologic signs of damage. We suggest that the possible role of neurogenesis consists in improvement of the microenvironment and interneuron interactions, whereas the activation of neurogenesis and the induction of neurite growth may be associated with reduction of spasticity.

scholarly journals Research Progress of Angiogenin in Fertility and Reproduction Endocrinology

2019 ◽  
pp. 161-166
Author(s):  
Xiaotao H ◽  
Yunxia W
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Hypertension ◽  
Embryo Implantation ◽  
Neurite Growth ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Fetal Growth Retardation ◽  
Cancerous Cell ◽  
Important Regulator ◽  
Promising Treatment ◽  
Different Levels

Angiogenin (ANG) was previously proved one of the potent proangiogenic factors in the process of formation, remodeling and maturation of new blood vessel, then was found playing a dual role in tumor growth by promoting both tumor angiogenesis and cancerous cell proliferation and promoting neuron neurite growth, recently it has been proved an important regulator in stem cell regeneration and stemness maintenance by affecting nucleic acid hydrolysis and protein synthesis. Here we review the related research about ANG in reproduction. ANG was detected in different levels of follicle except in primordial stage in bovine and human and reveals that it may play role in follicle development and mature. During pregnancy, large amount of ANG dramatically expressed in maternal, amniotic fluid or fetal placenta, it may play a role in embryo implantation, the growth and development of fetus. The occurrence of reproduction related diseases such as infertility, endometriosis, ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, gestational hypertension, fetal growth retardation and etc seems related with ANG. However, detailed research on the mechanism of ANG in related diseases is lack. Therefore, the further study about the role of ANG is of great significance for the understanding ANG function and may bring promising treatment of fertility, reproduction related diseases.

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