scholarly journals A Switch in Tissue Stem Cell Identity Causes Neuroendocrine Tumors in Drosophila Gut

Cell Reports ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 1724-1734.e4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaohui Li ◽  
Xingting Guo ◽  
Huanwei Huang ◽  
Chenhui Wang ◽  
Fu Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽  
Cell Identity

scholarly journals A Switch in Tissue Stem Cell Identity Causes Neuroendocrine Tumors in Drosophila Gut

Cell Reports ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 108459
Author(s):  
Zhaohui Li ◽  
Xingting Guo ◽  
Huanwei Huang ◽  
Chenhui Wang ◽  
Fu Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽  
Cell Identity

scholarly journals Heat Shock Alters Mesenchymal Stem Cell Identity and Induces Premature Senescence

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Shimoni ◽  
Myah Goldstein ◽  
Ivana Ribarski-Chorev ◽  
Iftach Schauten ◽  
Dana Nir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽  
Premature Senescence ◽  
Cell Identity

scholarly journals Set1 Targets Genes with Essential Identity and Tumor-Suppressing Functions in Planarian Stem Cells

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1182
Author(s):  
Prince Verma ◽  
Court K. M. Waterbury ◽  
Elizabeth M. Duncan
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Genotoxic Stress ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Cell Identity ◽  
Chromatin Signature ◽  
Lysine Methyltransferase

Tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) are essential for normal cellular function in multicellular organisms, but many TSGs and tumor-suppressing mechanisms remain unknown. Planarian flatworms exhibit particularly robust tumor suppression, yet the specific mechanisms underlying this trait remain unclear. Here, we analyze histone H3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) signal across the planarian genome to determine if the broad H3K4me3 chromatin signature that marks essential cell identity genes and TSGs in mammalian cells is conserved in this valuable model of in vivo stem cell function. We find that this signature is indeed conserved on the planarian genome and that the lysine methyltransferase Set1 is largely responsible for creating it at both cell identity and putative TSG loci. In addition, we show that depletion of set1 in planarians induces stem cell phenotypes that suggest loss of TSG function, including hyperproliferation and an abnormal DNA damage response (DDR). Importantly, this work establishes that Set1 targets specific gene loci in planarian stem cells and marks them with a conserved chromatin signature. Moreover, our data strongly suggest that Set1 activity at these genes has important functional consequences both during normal homeostasis and in response to genotoxic stress.

scholarly journals Histone Acetyltransferases and Stem Cell Identity

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2407
Author(s):  
Ruicen He ◽  
Arthur Dantas ◽  
Karl Riabowol
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Epigenetic Modification ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Histone Acetyltransferases ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Cell Fates ◽  
Cell Identity ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem

Acetylation of histones is a key epigenetic modification involved in transcriptional regulation. The addition of acetyl groups to histone tails generally reduces histone-DNA interactions in the nucleosome leading to increased accessibility for transcription factors and core transcriptional machinery to bind their target sequences. There are approximately 30 histone acetyltransferases and their corresponding complexes, each of which affect the expression of a subset of genes. Because cell identity is determined by gene expression profile, it is unsurprising that the HATs responsible for inducing expression of these genes play a crucial role in determining cell fate. Here, we explore the role of HATs in the maintenance and differentiation of various stem cell types. Several HAT complexes have been characterized to play an important role in activating genes that allow stem cells to self-renew. Knockdown or loss of their activity leads to reduced expression and or differentiation while particular HATs drive differentiation towards specific cell fates. In this study we review functions of the HAT complexes active in pluripotent stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells, muscle satellite cells, mesenchymal stem cells, neural stem cells, and cancer stem cells.

Multilayer omics analysis reveals a non-classical retinoic acid signaling axis that regulates hematopoietic stem cell identity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Schönberger ◽  
Nadine Obier ◽  
Mari Carmen Romero-Mulero ◽  
Pierre Cauchy ◽  
Julian Mess ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cell ◽  
Retinoic Acid Signaling ◽  
Cell Identity ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Omics Analysis ◽  
Signaling Axis

scholarly journals Polycomb Group Genes Psc and Su(z)2 Maintain Somatic Stem Cell Identity and Activity in Drosophila

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. e52892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Rafael Morillo Prado ◽  
Xin Chen ◽  
Margaret T. Fuller
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Polycomb Group ◽  
Somatic Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Identity ◽  
Polycomb Group Genes
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