scholarly journals White Matter Network Architecture Guides Direct Electrical Stimulation through Optimal State Transitions

Cell Reports ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 2554-2566.e7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Stiso ◽  
Ankit N. Khambhati ◽  
Tommaso Menara ◽  
Ari E. Kahn ◽  
Joel M. Stein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
State Transitions ◽  
Direct Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Optimal State

scholarly journals White Matter Network Architecture Guides Direct Electrical Stimulation Through Optimal State Transitions

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Stiso ◽  
Ankit N. Khambhati ◽  
Tommaso Menara ◽  
Ari E. Kahn ◽  
Joel M. Stein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Formal Model ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Network Control ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
State Transitions ◽  
Direct Electrical Stimulation ◽  
White Matter Tracts ◽  
The Brain

AbstractElectrical brain stimulation is currently being investigated as a potential therapy for neurological disease. However, opportunities to optimize and personalize such therapies are challenged by the fact that the beneficial impact (and potential side effects) of focal stimulation on both neighboring and distant regions is not well understood. Here, we use network control theory to build a formal model of brain network function that makes explicit predictions about how stimulation spreads through the brain’s white matter network and influences large-scale dynamics. We test these predictions using combined electrocorticography (ECoG) and diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) data from patients with medically refractory epilepsy undergoing evaluation for resective surgery, and who volunteered to participate in an extensive stimulation regimen. We posit a specific model-based manner in which white matter tracts constrain stimulation, defining its capacity to drive the brain to new states, including states associated with successful memory encoding. In a first validation of our model, we find that the true pattern of white matter tracts can be used to more accurately predict the state transitions induced by direct electrical stimulation than the artificial patterns of a topological or spatial network null model. We then use a targeted optimal control framework to solve for the optimal energy required to drive the brain to a given state. We show that, intuitively, our model predicts larger energy requirements when starting from states that are farther away from a target memory state. We then suggest testable hypotheses about which structural properties will lead to efficient stimulation for improving memory based on energy requirements. We show that the strength and homogeneity of edges between controlled and uncontrolled nodes, as well as the persistent modal controllability of the stimulated region, predict energy requirements. Our work demonstrates that individual white matter architecture plays a vital role in guiding the dynamics of direct electrical stimulation, more generally offering empirical support for the utility of network control theoretic models of brain response to stimulation.

scholarly journals Two Different Subcortical Networks of Language System: Morphogram and Phonogram, Through the Analysis of Unique Japanese Characters

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sho Tamai ◽  
Masashi Kinoshita ◽  
Riho Nakajima ◽  
Hirokazu Okita ◽  
Mitsutoshi Nakada
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Surgical Resection ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
The Other ◽  
Reading Process ◽  
Direct Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Cerebral Glioma ◽  
Language Mapping ◽  
Language Assessments

Abstract Language systems worldwide are based on morphograms or phonograms, and Japanese is a unique language that uses a complicated combination of kanji (morphogram) and kana (phonogram) characters. The white matter networks associated with reading have been investigated previously but remain unclear. In this study, we performed intraoperative language mapping under local anesthesia and postoperative language assessments of 65 consecutive patients who underwent surgical resection for cerebral glioma within the dominant temporal or parietal lobe. The cases showing intraoperative dyslexia elicited by direct electrical stimulation (DES) or postoperative kanji and/or kana dyslexia were extracted. Five patients showed transient kanji or kana dyslexia intraoperatively, and 8 patients showed kanji or kana dyslexia postoperatively. During intraoperative mapping, kanji or kana dyslexia were indeed reproduced by DES. We investigated the maximal overlapping lesions of the resection cavity that were associated with kanji or kana dyslexia, and then determined the subcortical elicited points that evoked kanji or kana dyslexia. These areas were localized near three white matter bundles: the arcuate fascicle, posterior superior longitudinal fascicle, and inferior longitudinal fascicle (ILF). The intraoperative DES distributions for kanji dyslexia were especially associated with the anterior-inferior side of the ILF. On the other hand, the DES point associated with kana dyslexia was localized on the posterior-superior side of the complex of these three tracts. These results suggested the presence of specific non-interfering networks that subserved the reading process for morphograms and phonograms.

scholarly journals Mapping critical cortical hubs and white matter pathways by direct electrical stimulation: an original functional atlas of the human brain

NeuroImage ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 205 ◽  
pp. 116237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvio Sarubbo ◽  
Matthew Tate ◽  
Alessandro De Benedictis ◽  
Stefano Merler ◽  
Sylvie Moritz-Gasser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Direct Electrical Stimulation

Direct electrical stimulation of rat soleus during denervation-reinnervation

1982 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 589-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.Mazher Jaweed ◽  
Gerald J. Herbison ◽  
John F. Ditunno
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Direct Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Stimulation Of

Direct electrical stimulation of the optic radiation in patients with covered eyes

2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 527-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrej Šteňo ◽  
Vladimír Hollý ◽  
Martin Fabian ◽  
Matúš Kuniak ◽  
Gabriela Timárová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Direct Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Optic Radiation ◽  
Stimulation Of

scholarly journals The ectopic newly-formed nerve fibres which repopulate the long-time denervated and atrophic chick skeletal muscle

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eros Abrantes Erhart ◽  
Cecil José Rezze ◽  
Walter Biazotto
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Nerve Fibre ◽  
Nerve Trunk ◽  
Direct Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Nerve Fibres ◽  
Motor Endplates ◽  
Proximal Stump ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Contralateral Muscle

1. The whole biventer cervicis muscles of the chick, being innervated by a branch of the dorsal ramus of C, presents structural Deculiarities which recommend it as good skeletal muscle for embryological, anatomical, physiological and pharmacological neuro-muscular investigations. 2. The nerve trunk responsible for the innervation of the distal belly runs completely included within the intermediate tendon; therefore, a tendon transection determines complete denervation and nerve fibre degeneration of the distal belly of the muscle. 3. Long-time experimentally denervated distal bellies (from three up to twelve months) are repopulated by ectopic nerve fibres which must have arisen from a source other than the proximal stump, neighbour nerves or nervi-vasorum. 4. Motor endplates appear in these long-time (eight or more months) denervated biventer cervicis distal bellies. 5. Although atrophic-looking such muscle bellies responded to indirect and to direct electrical stimulation — 1.5 V — by contraction. 6. The long-time denervated distal bellies of the biventer cervicis muscle of the chick, when properly reoperated by cross-grafting suture with the normal contralateral muscle, lost their atrophic appearance and showed to be successfully recovered in about thirty days.

scholarly journals Direct electrical stimulation of human cortex evokes high gamma activity that predicts conscious somatosensory perception

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 026015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leah Muller ◽  
John D Rolston ◽  
Neal P Fox ◽  
Robert Knowlton ◽  
Vikram R Rao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Gamma Activity ◽  
Direct Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Human Cortex ◽  
High Gamma ◽  
Stimulation Of
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