scholarly journals Molecular Logic of Spinocerebellar Tract Neuron Diversity and Connectivity

Cell Reports ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 2620-2635.e4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myungin Baek ◽  
Vilas Menon ◽  
Thomas M. Jessell ◽  
Adam W. Hantman ◽  
Jeremy S. Dasen
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Logic ◽  
Spinocerebellar Tract ◽  
Neuron Diversity

scholarly journals Molecular Logic of Spinocerebellar Tract Neuron Diversity and Connectivity

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myungin Baek ◽  
Vilas Menon ◽  
Thomas M. Jessell ◽  
Adam W. Hantman ◽  
Jeremy S. Dasen
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Information ◽  
Molecular Profile ◽  
Genetic Manipulations ◽  
Feedback Communication ◽  
Motor Behaviors ◽  
Axial Muscles ◽  
Molecular Logic ◽  
Spinocerebellar Tract ◽  
Diverse Groups ◽  
Peripheral Sensory

AbstractCoordinated motor behaviors depend on feedback communication between peripheral sensory systems and central circuits in the brain and spinal cord. Relay of muscle and tendon-derived sensory information to the CNS is facilitated by functionally and anatomically diverse groups of spinocerebellar tract neurons (SCTNs), but the molecular logic by which SCTN diversity and connectivity is achieved is poorly understood. We used single cell RNA sequencing and genetic manipulations to define the mechanisms governing the molecular profile and organization of SCTN subtypes. We found that SCTNs relaying proprioceptive sensory information from limb and axial muscles are generated through segmentally-restricted actions of specific Hox genes. Loss of Hox function disrupts SCTN subtype-specific transcriptional programs, leading to defects in the connections between proprioceptive sensory neurons, SCTNs, and the cerebellum. These results indicate that Hox-dependent genetic programs play essential roles in the assembly of the neural circuits required for proprioception.

A Molecular Logic Gate Enables Super-Resolved Imaging of Intracellular Lipid Droplets

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Eördögh ◽  
Carolina Paganini ◽  
Dorothea Pinotsi ◽  
Paolo Arosio ◽  
Pablo Rivera-Fuentes
Keyword(s):  
Single Molecule ◽  
Lipid Droplets ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Logic Gate ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Single Molecule Imaging ◽  
Molecular Logic Gate ◽  
Molecular Logic ◽  
Cellular Compartments

<div>Photoactivatable dyes enable single-molecule imaging in biology. Despite progress in the development of new fluorophores and labeling strategies, many cellular compartments remain difficult to image beyond the limit of diffraction in living cells. For example, lipid droplets, which are organelles that contain mostly neutral lipids, have eluded single-molecule imaging. To visualize these challenging subcellular targets, it is necessary to develop new fluorescent molecular devices beyond simple on/off switches. Here, we report a fluorogenic molecular logic gate that can be used to image single molecules associated with lipid droplets with excellent specificity. This probe requires the subsequent action of light, a lipophilic environment and a competent nucleophile to produce a fluorescent product. The combination of these requirements results in a probe that can be used to image the boundary of lipid droplets in three dimensions with resolutions beyond the limit of diffraction. Moreover, this probe enables single-molecule tracking of lipids within and between droplets in living cells.</div>

Fluorescent Molecular Logic Gates Driven by Temperature and by Protons in Solution and on Solid

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amilra Prasanna de Silva ◽  
Matthew West ◽  
Chao-Yi Yao ◽  
Gavin Melaugh ◽  
Kyoko Kawamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logic Gates ◽  
Molecular Logic ◽  
Molecular Logic Gates

scholarly journals A Personal Journey across Fluorescent Sensing and Logic Associated with Polymers of Various Kinds

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao-Yi Yao ◽  
Seiichi Uchiyama ◽  
A. Prasanna de Silva
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Polymer Science ◽  
Molecular Sensing ◽  
Fluorescent Sensing ◽  
Molecular Logic ◽  
Fluorescent Molecular Sensing ◽  
Molecular Scale ◽  
Identification Tags

Our experiences concerning fluorescent molecular sensing and logic devices and their intersections with polymer science are the foci of this brief review. Proton-, metal ion- and polarity-responsive cases of these devices are placed in polymeric micro- or nano-environments, some of which involve phase separation. This leads to mapping of chemical species on the nanoscale. These devices also take advantage of thermal properties of some polymers in water in order to reincarnate themselves as thermometers. When the phase separation leads to particles, the latter can be labelled with identification tags based on molecular logic. Such particles also give rise to reusable sensors, although molecular-scale resolution is sacrificed in the process. Polymeric nano-environments also help to organize rather complex molecular logic systems from their simple components. Overall, our little experiences suggest that researchers in sensing and logic would benefit if they assimilate polymer concepts.

scholarly journals How Cold is It? TRPM8 and TRPA1 in the Molecular Logic of Cold Sensation

2005 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1744-8069-1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
David D McKemy
Keyword(s):  
Transient Receptor Potential ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Somatosensory System ◽  
Receptor Potential ◽  
Critical Element ◽  
Cold Sensation ◽  
Noxious Heat ◽  
Cold Temperatures ◽  
Molecular Logic ◽  
Noxious Cold

Recognition of temperature is a critical element of sensory perception and allows us to evaluate both our external and internal environments. In vertebrates, the somatosensory system can discriminate discrete changes in ambient temperature, which activate nerve endings of primary afferent fibers. These thermosensitive nerves can be further segregated into those that detect either innocuous or noxious (painful) temperatures; the latter neurons being nociceptors. We now know that thermosensitive afferents express ion channels of the transient receptor potential (TRP) family that respond at distinct temperature thresholds, thus establishing the molecular basis for thermosensation. Much is known of those channels mediating the perception of noxious heat; however, those proposed to be involved in cool to noxious cold sensation, TRPM8 and TRPA1, have only recently been described. The former channel is a receptor for menthol, and links the sensations provided by this and other cooling compounds to temperature perception. While TRPM8 almost certainly performs a critical role in cold signaling, its part in nociception is still at issue. The latter channel, TRPA1, is activated by the pungent ingredients in mustard and cinnamon, but has also been postulated to mediate our perception of noxious cold temperatures. However, a number of conflicting reports have suggested that the role of this channel in cold sensation needs to be confirmed. Thus, the molecular logic for the perception of cold-evoked pain remains enigmatic. This review is intended to summarize our current understanding of these cold thermoreceptors, as well as address the current controversy regarding TRPA1 and cold signaling.

Synthesis and spectral investigation of colorimetric receptors for the dual detection of copper and acetate ions: application in molecular logic gates

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 561-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srikala Pangannaya ◽  
Arshiya Kaur ◽  
Makesh Mohan ◽  
Keyur Raval ◽  
Dillip Kumar Chand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logic Gates ◽  
Spectral Investigation ◽  
Molecular Logic ◽  
Molecular Logic Gates ◽  
Dual Detection
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