scholarly journals Origin of a Non-Clarke’s Column Division of the Dorsal Spinocerebellar Tract and the Role of Caudal Proprioceptive Neurons in Motor Function

Cell Reports ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1258-1271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Yuengert ◽  
Kei Hori ◽  
Erin E. Kibodeaux ◽  
Jacob X. McClellan ◽  
Justin E. Morales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Function ◽  
Spinocerebellar Tract ◽  
Clarke's Column

A comparison of (−)-deoxybenzomorphans devoid of opiate activity with their dextrorotatory phenolic counterparts suggests role of σ2 receptors in motor function

1993 ◽  
Vol 231 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.Michael Walker ◽  
Wayne D. Bowen ◽  
Saundra L. Patrick ◽  
Wanda E. Williams ◽  
S.Wayne Mascarella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Function

A comparison of (−)-deoxybenzomorphans devoid of opiate activity with their dextrorotatory phenolic counterparts suggests role of σ2 receptors in motor function

1993 ◽  
Vol 236 (3) ◽  
pp. 495
Author(s):  
J.Michael Walker ◽  
Wayne D. Bowen ◽  
Saundra L. Patrick ◽  
Wanda E. Williams ◽  
S.Wayne Mascarella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Function

scholarly journals The Role of Continuous Theta Burst TMS in the Neurorehabilitation of Subacute Stroke Patients: A Placebo-Controlled Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Dionísio ◽  
Rita Gouveia ◽  
João Castelhano ◽  
Isabel Catarina Duarte ◽  
Gustavo C. Santo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Function ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Repeated Measure ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Subacute Stroke ◽  
Theta Burst

Objectives: Transcranial magnetic stimulation, in particular continuous theta burst (cTBS), has been proposed for stroke rehabilitation, based on the concept that inhibition of the healthy hemisphere helps promote the recovery of the lesioned one. We aimed to study its effects on cortical excitability, oscillatory patterns, and motor function, the main aim being to identify potentially beneficial neurophysiological effects.Materials and Methods: We applied randomized real or placebo stimulation over the unaffected primary motor cortex of 10 subacute (7 ± 3 days) post-stroke patients. Neurophysiological measurements were performed using electroencephalography and electromyography. Motor function was assessed with the Wolf Motor Function Test. We performed a repeated measure study with the recordings taken pre-, post-cTBS, and at 3 months' follow-up.Results: We investigated changes in motor rhythms during arm elevation and thumb opposition tasks and found significant changes in beta power of the affected thumb's opposition, specifically after real cTBS. Our results are consistent with an excitatory response (increase in event-related desynchronization) in the sensorimotor cortical areas of the affected hemisphere, after stimulation. Neither peak-to-peak amplitude of motor-evoked potentials nor motor performance were significantly altered.Conclusions: Consistently with the theoretical prediction, this contralateral inhibitory stimulation paradigm changes neurophysiology, leading to a significant excitatory impact on the cortical oscillatory patterns of the contralateral hemisphere. These proof-of-concept results provide evidence for the potential role of continuous TBS in the neurorehabilitation of post-stroke patients. We suggest that these changes in ERS/ERD patterns should be further explored in future phase IIb/phase III clinical trials, in larger samples of poststroke patients.

A Ghost in the Machine

2020 ◽  
pp. 14-22
Author(s):  
Thomas Boraud
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Functional Mri ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Visual Discrimination ◽  
Visual Area ◽  
Temporal Area ◽  
Normative Approach ◽  
Electrophysiological Activity

This chapter describes the neurobiological approach of decision-making. Until the late 1980s, ignoring the work of experimental economists and behaviourists, electrophysiologists restricted themselves to the study of sensory and motor function, believing it to be impossible for them to access cognitive processes. In 1989, William Newsome and Anthony Movshon broke the dogma while studying the role of neurons in the medio-temporal area of the cortex (an associative visual area) in the visual discrimination of macaques. They became the first researchers who were able to correlate decision-making with a pattern of electrophysiological activity in neurons. This correlation, which they called psychometric–neurometric pairing, became the backbone of all subsequent studies into the neurobiology of decision-making. The chapter then looks at the development of functional MRI, and presents a normative approach to decision-making and learning.

scholarly journals The role of surface loops (residues 204-216 and 627-646) in the motor function of the myosin head.

1996 ◽  
Vol 93 (6) ◽  
pp. 2285-2289 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Bobkov ◽  
E. A. Bobkova ◽  
S. H. Lin ◽  
E. Reisler
Keyword(s):  
Motor Function ◽  
Myosin Head ◽  
Surface Loops

scholarly journals The role of cutaneous sensation in the motor function of the hand

2004 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 862-866 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayman M. Ebied ◽  
Graham J. Kemp ◽  
Simon P. Frostick
Keyword(s):  
Motor Function ◽  
Cutaneous Sensation
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