scholarly journals Hebbian Plasticity Guides Maturation of Glutamate Receptor Fields In Vivo

Cell Reports ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 1407-1413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitrij Ljaschenko ◽  
Nadine Ehmann ◽  
Robert J. Kittel
Keyword(s):  
Glutamate Receptor ◽  
Hebbian Plasticity

In vivo evaluation of [11C]CNS-5161 as a use-dependent ligand for the NMDA glutamate receptor channel

2005 ◽  
Vol 25 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. S595-S595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wynne K Schiffer ◽  
Deborah Pareto-Onghena ◽  
HaiTao Wu ◽  
Kuo-Shyan Lin ◽  
Andrew R Gibbs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glutamate Receptor ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Nmda Glutamate Receptor ◽  
Receptor Channel

scholarly journals Dual leucine zipper kinase is required for excitotoxicity-induced neuronal degeneration

2013 ◽  
Vol 210 (12) ◽  
pp. 2553-2567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine D. Pozniak ◽  
Arundhati Sengupta Ghosh ◽  
Alvin Gogineni ◽  
Jesse E. Hanson ◽  
Seung-Hye Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glutamate Receptor ◽  
Leucine Zipper ◽  
Neuronal Degeneration ◽  
Neuronal Loss ◽  
Receptor Activation ◽  
Scaffolding Protein ◽  
Glutamate Signaling ◽  
Postsynaptic Density Proteins ◽  
Primary Driver

Excessive glutamate signaling is thought to underlie neurodegeneration in multiple contexts, yet the pro-degenerative signaling pathways downstream of glutamate receptor activation are not well defined. We show that dual leucine zipper kinase (DLK) is essential for excitotoxicity-induced degeneration of neurons in vivo. In mature neurons, DLK is present in the synapse and interacts with multiple known postsynaptic density proteins including the scaffolding protein PSD-95. To examine DLK function in the adult, DLK-inducible knockout mice were generated through Tamoxifen-induced activation of Cre-ERT in mice containing a floxed DLK allele, which circumvents the neonatal lethality associated with germline deletion. DLK-inducible knockouts displayed a modest increase in basal synaptic transmission but had an attenuation of the JNK/c-Jun stress response pathway activation and significantly reduced neuronal degeneration after kainic acid–induced seizures. Together, these data demonstrate that DLK is a critical upstream regulator of JNK-mediated neurodegeneration downstream of glutamate receptor hyper-activation and represents an attractive target for the treatment of indications where excitotoxicity is a primary driver of neuronal loss.

scholarly journals Glutamate triggers the expression of functional ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors in mast cells

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Abdul Alim ◽  
Mirjana Grujic ◽  
Paul W. Ackerman ◽  
Per Kristiansson ◽  
Pernilla Eliasson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Glutamate Receptors ◽  
Glutamate Receptor ◽  
Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Metabotropic Glutamate ◽  
Protein Levels

Abstract Mast cells are emerging as players in the communication between peripheral nerve endings and cells of the immune system. However, it is not clear the mechanism by which mast cells communicate with peripheral nerves. We previously found that mast cells located within healing tendons can express glutamate receptors, raising the possibility that mast cells may be sensitive to glutamate signaling. To evaluate this hypothesis, we stimulated primary mast cells with glutamate and showed that glutamate induced the profound upregulation of a panel of glutamate receptors of both the ionotropic type (NMDAR1, NMDAR2A, and NMDAR2B) and the metabotropic type (mGluR2 and mGluR7) at both the mRNA and protein levels. The binding of glutamate to glutamate receptors on the mast cell surface was confirmed. Further, glutamate had extensive effects on gene expression in the mast cells, including the upregulation of pro-inflammatory components such as IL-6 and CCL2. Glutamate also induced the upregulation of transcription factors, including Egr2, Egr3 and, in particular, FosB. The extensive induction of FosB was confirmed by immunofluorescence assessment. Glutamate receptor antagonists abrogated the responses of the mast cells to glutamate, supporting the supposition of a functional glutamate–glutamate receptor axis in mast cells. Finally, we provide in vivo evidence supporting a functional glutamate–glutamate receptor axis in the mast cells of injured tendons. Together, these findings establish glutamate as an effector of mast cell function, thereby introducing a novel principle for how cells in the immune system can communicate with nerve cells.

In vivo studies of the cerebral glutamate receptor/NO/cGMP pathway

1999 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernesto Fedele ◽  
Maurizio Raiteri
Keyword(s):  
Glutamate Receptor ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Cgmp Pathway

scholarly journals Glutamate receptor functions in sensory relay in the thalamus

2002 ◽  
Vol 357 (1428) ◽  
pp. 1759-1766 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Salt
Keyword(s):  
Glutamate Receptor ◽  
Kainate Receptor ◽  
Ionotropic Receptors ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Cortical Afferents ◽  
Sensory Transmission ◽  
Thalamic Relay ◽  
Excitatory Transmitter

It is known that glutamate is a major excitatory transmitter of sensory and cortical afferents to the thalamus. These actions are mediated via several distinct receptors with postsynaptic excitatory effects predominantly mediated by ionotropic receptors of the α–amino–3–hydroxy–5–methyl–4–isoxazolepropionate (AMPA) and N –methyl–D–aspartate varieties (NMDA). However, there are also other kinds of glutamate receptor present in the thalamus, notably the metabotropic and kainate types, and these may have more complex or subtle roles in sensory transmission. This paper describes recent electrophysiological experiments done in vitro and in vivo which aim to determine how the metabotropic and kainate receptor types can influence transmission through the sensory thalamic relay. A particular focus will be how such mechanisms might operate under physiological conditions.

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