EPAC1 promotes adaptive responses in human arterial endothelial cells subjected to low levels of laminar fluid shear stress: Implications in flow-related endothelial dysfunction

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 606-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah N. Rampersad ◽  
Silja I. Freitag ◽  
Fabien Hubert ◽  
Paulina Brzezinska ◽  
Nathalie Butler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Shear Stress ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Fluid Shear Stress ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Fluid Shear ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Arterial Endothelial Cells

Role of cadherins and plakoglobin in interendothelial adhesion under resting conditions and shear stress

1997 ◽  
Vol 273 (5) ◽  
pp. H2396-H2405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans-Joachim Schnittler ◽  
Bernd Püschel ◽  
Detlev Drenckhahn
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Shear Stress ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Fluid Shear Stress ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Fluid Shear ◽  
Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion ◽  
Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 ◽  
Arterial Endothelial Cells

The role of cadherins and the cadherin-binding cytosolic protein plakoglobin in intercellular adhesion was studied in cultured human umbilical venous endothelial cells exposed to fluid shear stress. Extracellular Ca2+depletion (<10−7 M) caused the disappearance of both cadherins and plakoglobin from junctions, whereas the distribution of platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 (PECAM-1) remained unchanged. Cells stayed fully attached to each other for several hours in low Ca2+ but began to dissociate under flow conditions. At the time of recalcification, vascular endothelial (VE) cadherin and β-catenin became first visible at junctions, followed by plakoglobin with a delay of ∼20 min. Full fluid shear stress stability of the junctions correlated with the time course of the reappearance of plakoglobin. Inhibition of plakoglobin expression by microinjection of antisense oligonucleotides did not interfere with the junctional association of VE-cadherin, PECAM-1, and β-catenin. The plakoglobin-deficient cells remained fully attached to each other under resting conditions but began to dissociate in response to flow. Shear stress-induced junctional dissociation was also observed in cultures of plakoglobin-depleted arterial endothelial cells of the porcine pulmonary trunk. These observations show that interendothelial adhesion under hydrodynamic but not resting conditions requires the junctional location of cadherins associated with plakoglobin. β-Catenin cannot functionally compensate for the junctional loss of plakoglobin, and PECAM-1-mediated adhesion is not sufficient for monolayer integrity under flow.

scholarly journals Lepasnya Sel Endotel Dan Vascular Endothelial Cadherin (Ve-Cadherin) Pada Huvecs Dengan Glukosa Tinggi Dan Fluid Shear Stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Yoyon Arif ◽  
Erna Sulistiowati
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Shear Stress ◽  
Fluid Shear Stress ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Fluid Shear ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cadherin

Sel endotel melapisi lumen pembuluh darah sehingga menyebabkan paparan langsung aliran darah dan timbul gaya hemodinamik shear stress. Vascular Endothelial (VE) Cadherin merupakan salah satu struktur penghubung antar sel yang berperan mencegah terlepasnya sel endotel dari membran dasar. Paparan glukosa tinggi menyebabkan stress oksidatif sehingga sel endotel mengalami apoptosis dan nekrosis dan terlepas. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari efek paparan glukosa tinggi dan fluid shear stress terhadap morfologi, struktur VE-Cadherin dan densitas sel endotel pada kultur sel endotel HUVECs (Human Vein Endothelial Cells Culture).Metode Penelitian eksperimental laboratorium dengan  metode HUVECs yang dipapar d-glukosa 22 mM selama 7 hari. Shear stress dibangkitkan dengan alat cone and plate 10 dyne/cm2 selama 5, 8, 12 dan 15 menit. Pulasan VE-Cadherin dengan imunohistokimia. Data dianalisis dengan metode statistik. Signifikan pada p<0,05.Hasil Shear stress selama 15 menit menyebabkan perubahan bentuk sel endotel  menjadi lebih panjang dan inti sel lebih pipih. Paparan glukosa tinggi dan fluid shear stress menyebabkan penurunan skor VE-Cadherin dan densitas sel endotel secara signifikan Penurunan skor VE-Cadherin berpengaruh langsung terhadap penurunan densitas sel endotel.Kesimpulan. Paparan glukosa tinggi dan fluid shear stress menyebabkan kerusakan struktur VE-Cadherin sehingga terjadi peningkatan apoptosis dan nekrosis sel endotel.

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