Dose–response effects of exercise on abdominal obesity and risk factors for cardiovascular disease in adults

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Ross ◽  
Robert Hudson ◽  
Andrew G. Day ◽  
Miu Lam
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Dose Response

Dose-response Relationship between Exercise and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors

2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S429
Author(s):  
Noriteru Morita ◽  
Kumiko Igarashi ◽  
Keiji Satake ◽  
Kumiko Fujita ◽  
Naomi Kanazawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors ◽  
Response Relationship ◽  
Dose Response Relationship

scholarly journals The association between olfactory dysfunction and cardiovascular disease and its risk factors in middle-aged and older adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daeyoung Roh ◽  
Dong-Hee Lee ◽  
Soo Whan Kim ◽  
Sung Won Kim ◽  
Byung-Guk Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Olfactory Dysfunction ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Additive Interaction ◽  
History Of ◽  
Artery Disease

AbstractWhile previous studies have reported olfactory dysfunction (OD) in relation to cardiovascular disease (CVD), few population-based studies have investigated whether such associations differ by sex. The purpose of this study was to identify the association between CVD and its risk factors with OD, and the sex-associated differences within the general population. We examined 20,016 adults aged 40 and older from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. All subjects reported on their history of OD. CVD and its risk factors included coronary artery disease (CAD), stroke, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, abdominal obesity, and hypertriglyceridemia; logistic regression was used to analyse their associations with OD, and additive interaction was used to analyse the interaction between risk factors and sex. In males, CAD was more likely to be associated with OD (odds ratio [OR] 1.81, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05–3.14), whereas abdominal obesity was associated with OD in females (OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.06–1.84).Additive interaction were observed between abdominal obesity and female sex with a relative excess risk of interaction of 0.45 (95% CI 0.26–0.63). Our findings suggest the relationship between OD and CVD and its risk factors and sex-associated differences among middle-aged and older adults.

Abstract P260: Low Physical Activity Level, Underweight and Abdominal Obesity among Nigerian Rural Adolescents; Implication for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Program among Rural Adolescents in Nigeria

Circulation ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 127 (suppl_12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nse A Odunaiya ◽  
Quinette A Louw ◽  
Karen Grimmer-sommers
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Rural Adolescents ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a global health problem. Studies have shown that the majority of people dying from CVD have one or more major risk factors that are influenced by lifestyle. Major predisposing risk factors include obesity, physical inactivity, abdominal obesity. These risk factors have been seen in adolescents in developed countries. Throughout the world the risks are starting to appear earlier. Adolescence is a critical temporal window for the development of obesity in adult age. Researchers have advocated that children and adolescent populations should be the target for cardiovascular risk factors prevention programs, however, there is paucity of information on these risk factors especially among rural adolescents. It is a general belief in Nigeria that rural dwellers are active, consume natural foods as such CVD and other chronic diseases may not be highly prevalent among rural people However, primordial prevention for cardiovascular is needed even in rural communities since prevention is better than cure. The study aimed to ascertain selected CVD risk factors such as physical activity level, BMI Waist Hip ratio and dietary pattern of adolescents in rural Nigeria The study was a cross sectional survey of 1079 adolescents aged 15-18 years, attending schools at Ibarapa central local government of South West Nigeria. Ethical approval was sought and obtained from Stellenbosch University ethics committee, approval from the local Education authority and principals of the selected schools. Informed consent was obtained from the principals of the schools who acted in place of the parents and guardians who were not in the community and also from parents within the community. Assent was obtained from adolescents either written or verbal. CVD risk factors were assessed using standard measures .Result shows 23% of adolescents are underweight, 75% normal weight and 1.4% overweight. Waist hip ratio of 84.6% of adolescents are normal, 15.4% abdominal obesity, for physical activity level; 27.9% had low physical activity level, 36.5% moderate physical activity level and 35.6% high physical activity level. More female had low activity level compared to male, 63.5% compared to 36.5% The adolescents generally have bad dietary pattern such as high fat consumption, low fruit and vegetable intake Underweight is still a major problem among rural adolescents. Many of the rural adolescents are not active enough to safeguard their future health. Sedentary living is more among female than male. Although these rural adolescents are not generally obese but there is a high prevalence of abdominal obesity, low fruit and vegetable consumption which is associated with cardiovascular disease Implication; there is need for CVD primordial and primary prevention program for Nigerian rural adolescents

scholarly journals Ceramide Scores Predict Cardiovascular Risk in the Community

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 1558-1569
Author(s):  
Vlad C. Vasile ◽  
Jeffrey W. Meeusen ◽  
Jose R. Medina Inojosa ◽  
Leslie J. Donato ◽  
Christopher G. Scott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Artery Disease

Objective: Cardiovascular disease remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Ceramide scores have been associated with adverse outcomes in patients with established coronary artery disease. The prognostic value of ceramide score has not been assessed in the general population. We tested the hypothesis that ceramide scores are associated with major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in a community-based cohort with average coronary artery disease burden at enrollment. Approach and results: In a prospective community-based cohort, we performed passive follow-up using a record linkage system to ascertain the composite outcome of MACE, defined as acute myocardial infarction, coronary revascularization (bypass grafting or percutaneous intervention), stroke, or death. Ceramides were analyzed as log-transformed continuous variables, ratios or scores, and quartiles with adjustment for confounders. We analyzed 1131 subjects, 52% females, mean age±(SD) 64±9 years. After a median follow-up of 13.3 years (Q1, 12.7; Q3, 14.4), 486 patients experienced a MACE: myocardial infarction (80), coronary artery bypass surgery (34), percutaneous coronary intervention (62), stroke (94), and all-cause death (362). Ceramide ratios were significantly associated with MACE independently of LDL-c (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol) and conventional coronary artery disease risk factors. Those in the highest quartile of ceramide score had nearly 1.5-fold risk of MACE, hazard ratio, 1.47 (95% CI, 1.12–1.92). There was a dose-response association across quartiles of ceramide ratios and MACE. Conclusions: Elevated ceramide score is a robust predictor of cardiovascular disease and MACE in the community. The risk conferred by the ceramide score has a dose-response behavior and is independent of conventional risk factors.

Screen detection and the WHO STEPwise approach to the prevalence and risk factors of arterial hypertension in Kinshasa

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 503-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Longo-Mbenza ◽  
Dieudonné Vangu Ngoma ◽  
Damien Nahimana ◽  
Dominique Mupepe Mayuku ◽  
Simon Mbungu Fuele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
General Obesity ◽  
Stepwise Approach ◽  
Overweight Status

Background The trend of hypertension and other risk factors of cardiovascular disease is changing because of epidemiological, demographic and nutritional transitions in sub-Saharan Africa. Objectives The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence and risk factors of arterial hypertension in the Kinshasa region, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Design and methods Data were collected from random sample cross-sectional surveys of adult black Africans from Kinshasa, with the help of a structured questionnaire, physical examinations and blood samples, using the World Health Organisation (WHO) stepwise approach. Sex, age, place of residence (urban versus rural), psychosocial risk factors (socioeconomic status, stress), overweight status (BMI: 25–29.9 kg/m2), general obesity (BMI: ≥ 30 kg/m2), abdominal obesity (waist circumference: ≥ 94 cm) and diabetes mellitus were considered to be the potential risk factors for screen-detected hypertension. Results The weighted prevalences of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, overweight status, general obesity and abdominal obesity were 15.2, 140.2, 13.5, 4.8 and 7.5%, respectively. Blood pressure and the proportion of participants with hypertension increased with age and BMI group in the population, for both men and women. Age, rural residence, low socioeconomic status, high socioeconomic status, general obesity and abdominal obesity were the risk factors for hypertension. Women aged 55 years and above had higher levels of blood pressure and hypertension than men. Conclusion Absolute levels of hypertension, all types of obesity and diabetes mellitus are high risk factors in the army camps and semiurban extension cities; general obesity and abdominal obesity are the risk factors for detectable hypertension. Effective control of general obesity and abdominal obesity and psychosocial strategies that target both semirural and urban areas of the Kinshasa region have the potential to prevent much premature cardiovascular disease.

scholarly journals The prevalence of traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease in the Omsk region: data of the ESSE-RF2 study

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 3815
Author(s):  
I. A. Viktorova ◽  
N. G. Shirlina ◽  
V. L. Stasenko ◽  
G. A. Muromtseva
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Region Data ◽  
History Of ◽  
Group A ◽  
Traditional Risk Factors ◽  
Group B

Aim. To study the prevalence of some traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the Omsk region.Material and methods. The prevalence of traditional risk factors for CVD in a representative sample of the Omsk region population aged 25-64 years (n=1,648) was estimated as a part of the ESSE-RF2 study in 2017.Results. It was established that the mean age of CVD detection in the Omsk region is 46,3 years, the prevalence of overweight is 35,0%, obesity — 30,3%. Abdominal obesity was detected in 56,8% of subjects. Smoking was reveled in 21,2% of the population, former smoking — 20,0%. Alcohol consumption more than 2 times a month was observed in one third of respondents (30,5%). In the group of healthy people, compared with CVD patients, the percentage of smokers and alcohol consumers was detected significantly more often: smoking — 25,2±1,26% vs 17,1±0,86% and 32,9±1,6% vs 28,1±1,4%, respectively. Perhaps it was the diseases the reason for smoking cessation and alcohol abstinence among people with CVD. It should be noted that among 70% of alcohol consumers, both with/ without CVD, strong drinks were the preferred type of alcohol. Hypertension (HTN) was observed in 47,9% of subjects, and in 43,1% the diagnosis was verified. In 4,8% of HTN individuals, blood pressure increase was detected for the first time in this study. The prevalence of diabetes of both types in the Omsk region was 6,7%, and in group A (with CVD) it was much higher than in group B (without CVD): 10,7% vs 2,8%. Type 2 diabetes prevailed in people with CVD (p=0,000005). This was not characteristic of type 1 diabetes.Conclusion. The most common risk factors for CVD in the Omsk region population were HTN (47,9%), abdominal obesity (56,8%), a positive family history of early CVD (62,0%), alcohol consumption over the past 12 months (71,7%) and strong alcohol drinking (72,0%). However, a significant portion of the subjects (41,3%) consumed alcohol no more than 1 time per month.

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