Clove essential oil confers antioxidant activity and lifespan extension in C. elegans via the DAF-16/FOXO transcription factor

2021 ◽  
Vol 242 ◽  
pp. 108938
Author(s):  
Lianfeng Zhang ◽  
Bao Gu ◽  
Yun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Lifespan Extension ◽  
Foxo Transcription Factor ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Clove Essential Oil

scholarly journals Development of a Millet Starch Edible Film Containing Clove Essential Oil

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alaa G. Al-Hashimi ◽  
Altemimi B. Ammar ◽  
Lakshmanan G. ◽  
Francesco Cacciola ◽  
Naoufal Lakhssassi
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Edible Film ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Preservation Method ◽  
Clove Essential Oil

Medicinal plants contain various secondary metabolites. The present study analyzed the essential oil of buds from clove (Syzygium aromaticum L.; Family: Myrtaceae) using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). GC-MS analysis showed the presence of six major phytoconstituents, such as eugenol (66.01%), caryophyllene (19.88%), caryophyllene oxide (5.80%), phenol, 2-methoxy-4-(2-propenyl)-acetate (4.55%), and humulene (3.75%). The effect of clove essential oils (CEO) at 0%, 1%, 2%, and 3% (w/w) on the mechanical and barrier properties of starch films was evaluated. The tensile strength (TS) and elongation (E) of films with clove essential oil were 6.25 ± 0.03 MPa and 5.67% ± 0.08%, respectively. The antioxidant activity of the films significantly increased the millet starch film and presented the lowest antioxidant activity (0.3%) at a 30 minute incubation for the control sample, while increasing CEO fraction in the starch film lead to an increase in antioxidant activity, and the 3% CEO combined film presented the highest antioxidant activity (15.96%) at 90 min incubation. This finding could be explained by the incorporation of clove oil containing antioxidant properties that significantly increased with the incorporation of CEO (p < 0.05). A zone of inhibition ranging from 16 to 27 mm in diameter was obtained when using a concentration of CEO ranging from 1% to 3%. We also observed the presence of an antimicrobial activity on several tested microorganism including Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter sp, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, and Trichoderma fungi. Thus, the current study reveals the possibility of using a millet starch edible film as a preservation method.

scholarly journals ATF-4 and hydrogen sulfide signalling mediate longevity from inhibition of translation or mTORC1

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cyril Statzer ◽  
Richard Venz ◽  
Monet Bland ◽  
Stacey Robida-Stubbs ◽  
Jin Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Stress Resistance ◽  
Lifespan Extension ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Mechanistic Target Of Rapamycin ◽  
Therapeutic Benefits ◽  
Transcription Program

AbstractInhibition of mTORC1 (mechanistic target of rapamycin 1) slows ageing, but mTORC1 supports fundamental processes that include protein synthesis, making it critical to elucidate how mTORC1 inhibition increases lifespan. Under stress conditions, the integrated stress response (ISR) globally suppresses protein synthesis, resulting in preferential translation of the transcription factor ATF-4. Here we show in C. elegans that the ATF-4 transcription program promotes longevity and that ATF-4 upregulation mediates lifespan extension from mTORC1 inhibition. ATF-4 activates canonical anti-ageing mechanisms but also increases expression of transsulfuration enzymes to promote hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production. ATF-4-induced H2S production mediates longevity and stress resistance from C. elegans mTORC1 suppression, and ATF4 drives H2S production in mammalian dietary restriction. This H2S boost increases protein persulfidation, a protective modification of redox-reactive cysteines. Increasing H2S levels, or enhancing mechanisms that H2S modulates through persulfidation, may represent promising strategies for mobilising therapeutic benefits of the ISR or mTORC1 inhibition.

scholarly journals Fermented dairy beverage added with clove essential oil modulates oxygen reactive species (ROS) levels: an in silico, in vitro, and in vivo approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. e22510413986
Author(s):  
Stephanie Pedrosa de Oliveira ◽  
Anna Christina de Almeida ◽  
Keicy Sandy Silvestre de Souza ◽  
Sérgio Henrique Sousa Santos ◽  
Eliane Macedo Sobrinho Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Clove Essential Oil ◽  
Visceral Adipose ◽  
Fermented Dairy

This study aimed at investigating the effect of fermented dairy beverage with clove essential oil (CEO) on the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) through endogenous enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). For this, bioinformatic analysis was performed using the Genecards and String platforms. Headspace was used to analyze and confirm the compounds at low concentrations. Antioxidant activity was analyzed using the DPPH free radical sequestration method. For analysis of antioxidant activity, twenty-four male Swiss mice were divided into three groups and submitted histopathological analysis, analysis of CAT, SOD,GPx transcripts, and CAT and SOD enzyme activity in visceral adipose tissue were evaluated.The leader genes found were PIK3CD, PIK3CB, AKT1, and PIK3CA, as they had the highest WNL values. The beverage containing CEO showed higher antioxidant activity, with free radical scavenging capacity above 80%. In the in vivo analyses, it was possible to verify a reduction in the average adipocyte area size (μm2) between the groups that received fermented dairy beverage. Although functional studies have shown that the antioxidant enzymes, CAT and SOD, showed similar concentrations in visceral adipose tissue of the three groups, the expression levels of GPx1, CAT, and SOD were higher in group 2. Surprisingly, the group 3, that received the fermented dairy beverage with CEO had the lowest SOD concentration (p <0.05). Therefore, the antioxidant mechanism of the CEO can be mediated by the activation of the cell survival pathway PI3K/Akt and modulation of SOD1 and CAT enzymes by means of ROS reduction.

scholarly journals Homeostasis in C. elegans sleep is characterized by two behaviorally and genetically distinct mechanisms

eLife ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanislav Nagy ◽  
Nora Tramm ◽  
Jarred Sanders ◽  
Shachar Iwanir ◽  
Ian A Shirley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Neuropeptide Y ◽  
Foxo Transcription Factor ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Neuropeptide Y Receptor ◽  
Strong Disturbance

Biological homeostasis invokes modulatory responses aimed at stabilizing internal conditions. Using tunable photo- and mechano-stimulation, we identified two distinct categories of homeostatic responses during the sleep-like state of Caenorhabditis elegans (lethargus). In the presence of weak or no stimuli, extended motion caused a subsequent extension of quiescence. The neuropeptide Y receptor homolog, NPR-1, and an inhibitory neuropeptide known to activate it, FLP-18, were required for this process. In the presence of strong stimuli, the correlations between motion and quiescence were disrupted for several minutes but homeostasis manifested as an overall elevation of the time spent in quiescence. This response to strong stimuli required the function of the DAF-16/FOXO transcription factor in neurons, but not that of NPR-1. Conversely, response to weak stimuli did not require the function of DAF-16/FOXO. These findings suggest that routine homeostatic stabilization of sleep may be distinct from homeostatic compensation following a strong disturbance.

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