Comparisons of the system performance for the small solid oxide fuel cell applications

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. S29-S33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youngseok Jee ◽  
Seyun Lah ◽  
Ji-Won Son ◽  
Suk Won Cha
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cell ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Oxide Fuel

scholarly journals Performance of a Natural Gas Solid Oxide Fuel Cell System With and Without Carbon Capture

2020 ◽  
Vol 143 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun K. S. Iyengar ◽  
Brian J. Koeppel ◽  
Dale L. Keairns ◽  
Mark C. Woods ◽  
Gregory A. Hackett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cell ◽  
Co2 Capture ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
System Optimization ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Utility Scale

Abstract The fuel cell program at the United States Department of Energy (DOE) National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) is focused on the development of low-cost, highly efficient, and reliable fossil-fuel-based solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) power systems that can generate environmentally friendly electric power with at least 90% carbon capture. NETL’s SOFC technology development roadmap is aligned with near-term market opportunities in the distributed generation sector to validate and advance the technology while paving the way for utility-scale natural gas (NG)- and coal-derived synthesis gas-fueled applications via progressively larger system demonstrations. The present study represents a part of a series of system evaluations being carried out at NETL to aid in prioritizing technological advances along research pathways to the realization of utility-scale SOFC systems, a transformational goal of the fuel cell program. In particular, the system performance of utility-scale NG fuel cell (NGFC) systems with and without carbon dioxide (CO2) capture is presented. The NGFC system analyzed features an external auto-thermal reformer (ATR) feeding the fuel to the SOFC system consisting of planar anode-supported SOFC with separated anode and cathode off-gas streams. In systems with CO2 capture, an air separation unit (ASU) is used to provide the oxygen for the ATR and for the combustion of unutilized fuel in the SOFC anode exhaust along with a CO2 purification unit to provide a nearly pure CO2 stream suitable for transport for usage in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) operations or for storage in underground saline formations. Remaining thermal energy in the exhaust gases is recovered in a bottoming steam Rankine cycle while supplying any process heat requirements. A reduced order model (ROM) developed at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) is used to predict the SOFC performance. The ROM, while being computationally effective for system studies, provides other detailed information about the state of the stack, such as the internal temperature gradient, generally not available from simple performance models often used to represent the SOFC. Such additional information can be important in system optimization studies to preclude operation under off-design conditions that can adversely impact overall system reliability. The NGFC system performance was analyzed by varying salient system parameters, including the percent of internal (to the SOFC module) NG reformation—ranging from 0 to 100%—fuel utilization, and current density. The impact of advances in underlying SOFC technology on electrical performance was also explored.

Influences of The Type and Thickness of Electrolyte on Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Hybrid System Performance

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 396-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslaw Milewski ◽  
Andrzej Miller
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cell ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Cell Hybrid ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Performance Point ◽  
Fuel Cell Hybrid

This paper sets out the results of mathematical modeling and numerical simulations with regard to the influences of the type and thickness of electrolyte on Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Hybrid System (SOFC-HS) performance. A change of electrolyte materials can result in total hybrid system efficiency increasing from around 48% HHV (53% LHV) to about 65% HHV (72% LHV) in an environment where turbine inlet temperature and gas turbine subsystem pressure ratio remain unchanged. The governing equations of SOFC-HS modeling are given. An adequate simulator of the SOFC stack was made and described. Based on this simulator, a model of the 260kWe Siemens Westinghouse unit was built. The performance of this SOFC-HS with different electrolyte materials and thicknesses is shown, and some characteristics are given and described. The advantages and disadvantages of different electrolyte types from a hybrid system performance point of view are indicated.

Thermodynamic Analysis of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell and Gas Turbine Hybrid System Fueled With Gasified Biomass

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojing Lv ◽  
Xiaoru Geng ◽  
Yiwu Weng
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
Detailed Model

In this work, the detailed model of a high temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) and Gas Turbine (GT) hybrid system was established by using MATLAB/Simulink platform, based on the equations of mass and energy balance and thermodynamic characteristics, with the consideration of various polarization losses and fuel cell heat loss. Influence of different biomass gases on the hybrid system performance was studied. Results show that the electrical efficiency could reach up to over 50% with four types of gasified biomass, higher than other hybrid power system using biomass gases. Biomass gases from different sources have different composition and calorific value, which significantly affect the hybrid system performance. The system output power and efficiency fueled with wood chip gas are higher than the system fueled with other three types of fuel. Restricted by compressor surge safety zone, the adjustable range of biomass gas fuel flow rate is small. The speed of the gas turbine has a significant impact on the hybrid system parameters such as output power and efficiency. When the rotational speed of the gas turbine is lower than the rated value, the hybrid system performance parameters change significantly, on the contrary, the hybrid system performance parameters change slightly.

scholarly journals Performance of a Natural Gas Solid Oxide Fuel Cell System With and Without Carbon Capture

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun K. S. Iyengar ◽  
Brian J. Koeppel ◽  
Dale L. Keairns ◽  
Mark C. Woods ◽  
Gregory A. Hackett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cell ◽  
Co2 Capture ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
System Optimization ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Utility Scale

Abstract The fuel cell program at the United States Department of Energy (DOE) National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) is focused on the development of low-cost, highly efficient, and reliable fossil-fuel-based solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) power systems that can generate environmentally-friendly electric power with at least 90 percent carbon capture. NETL’s SOFC technology development roadmap is aligned with near-term market opportunities in the distributed generation sector to validate and advance the technology while paving the way for utility-scale natural gas (NG)- and coal-derived synthesis gas-fueled applications via progressively larger system demonstrations. The present study represents a part of a series of system evaluations being carried out at NETL to aid in prioritizing technological advances along research pathways to the realization of utility-scale SOFC systems, a transformational goal of the fuel cell program. In particular, the system performance of utility-scale NG fuel cell (NGFC) systems with and without carbon dioxide (CO2) capture is presented. The NGFC system analyzed features an external auto-thermal reformer (ATR) feeding the fuel to the SOFC system consisting of planar anode-supported SOFC with separated anode and cathode off-gas streams. In systems with CO2 capture, an air separation unit (ASU) is used to provide the oxygen for the ATR and for the combustion of unutilized fuel in the SOFC anode exhaust along with a CO2 purification unit to provide a nearly pure CO2 stream suitable for transport for usage in enhanced oil recovery operations or for storage in underground saline formations. Remaining thermal energy in the exhaust gases is recovered in a bottoming steam Rankine cycle while supplying any process heat requirements. A reduced order model (ROM) developed at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) is used to predict the SOFC performance. The ROM, while being computationally effective for system studies, provides other detailed information about the state of the stack, such as the internal temperature gradient, generally not available from simple performance models often used to represent the SOFC. Such additional information can be important in system optimization studies to preclude operation under off-design conditions that can adversely impact overall system reliability. The NGFC system performance was analyzed by varying salient system parameters, including the percent of internal (to the SOFC module) NG reformation — ranging from 0 to 100 percent — fuel utilization, and current density. The impact of advances in underlying SOFC technology on electrical performance was also explored.

scholarly journals Model-Based System Performance Analysis of a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell System with Anode Off-Gas Recirculation

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3607
Author(s):  
Eun-Jung Choi ◽  
Sangseok Yu ◽  
Ji-Min Kim ◽  
Sang-Min Lee
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cell ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Reference System ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
System Configurations ◽  
Gas Recirculation

Designing proper solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) system configurations is essential for their high efficiency. The present study analyzes the performance improvement of the SOFC system with anode off-gas recirculation (AOGR). Two AOGR configurations are suggested. Depending on the heat flows of off gases, the configurations are called AOGR #1 and #2, respectively. Additionally, a reference system is examined for comparison. This study aims to numerically evaluate the characteristics and performance of each system under various operating conditions such as fuel and air utilization factors. The operating current density and steam to carbon ratio are fixed at 0.3 A/cm2 and 2.5, respectively. The results indicate that the system performance shows a large difference depending on the system configurations. The SOFC system with AOGR has better performance than the reference system under the operating conditions considered in this paper. However, it is also revealed that depending on the system configuration and operating conditions, AOGR can be effective or ineffective for system performance. Therefore, a deliberate operating strategy for AOGR systems needs to be developed based on the load conditions.

Three-Dimensional Simulation of Planar Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Stack

2008 ◽  
Vol 128 (2) ◽  
pp. 459-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshitaka Inui ◽  
Tadashi Tanaka ◽  
Tomoyoshi Kanno
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cell ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Fuel Cell Stack ◽  
Dimensional Simulation
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