An integrated school and schoolyard design method for summer thermal comfort and energy efficiency in Northern China

2017 ◽  
Vol 124 ◽  
pp. 369-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anxiao Zhang ◽  
Regina Bokel ◽  
Andy van den Dobbelsteen ◽  
Yanchen Sun ◽  
Qiong Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Schoolyard Design

scholarly journals Experimental Data and Simulations of Performance and Thermal Comfort in a Typical Mediterranean House

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3311
Author(s):  
Víctor Pérez-Andreu ◽  
Carolina Aparicio-Fernández ◽  
José-Luis Vivancos ◽  
Javier Cárcel-Carrasco
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Thermal Characterization ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
Energy Demands ◽  
Dwelling House ◽  
Account Standard

The number of buildings renovated following the introduction of European energy-efficiency policy represents a small number of buildings in Spain. So, the main Spanish building stock needs an urgent energy renovation. Using passive strategies is essential, and thermal characterization and predictive tests of the energy-efficiency improvements achieving acceptable levels of comfort for their users are urgently necessary. This study analyzes the energy performance and thermal comfort of the users in a typical Mediterranean dwelling house. A transient simulation has been used to acquire the scope of Spanish standards for its energy rehabilitation, taking into account standard comfort conditions. The work is based on thermal monitoring of the building and a numerical validated model developed in TRNSYS. Energy demands for different models have been calculated considering different passive constructive measures combined with real wind site conditions and the behavior of users related to natural ventilation. This methodology has given us the necessary information to decide the best solution in relation to energy demand and facility of implementation. The thermal comfort for different models is not directly related to energy demand and has allowed checking when and where the measures need to be done.

Impact of urban morphology on microclimate and thermal comfort in northern China

Solar Energy ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 155 ◽  
pp. 212-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanshan Tong ◽  
Nyuk Hien Wong ◽  
Chun Liang Tan ◽  
Steve Kardinal Jusuf ◽  
Marcel Ignatius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Urban Morphology

Comfort-energy nexus in naturally ventilated affordable mass housing with alternative constructions in the developing world

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roshmi Sen ◽  
Shankha Pratim Bhattacharya ◽  
Subrata Chattopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Thermal Load ◽  
Mixed Mode ◽  
Developing World ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Mass Housing ◽  
The Past ◽  
Comfort Indices

<p>There is a strong positive correlation between thermal comfort quality experienced inside a building and its energy efficiency. This is more obvious in case of mechanically ventilated spaces where the energy gains are directly related to the thermal load, as compared to free running or naturally ventilated spaces. Current state of arts assess the energy efficiency of building envelops in terms of the cumulative thermal load in the operating phase of the building that are catered by mechanical ventilations. Our study aims at addressing this gap of research in assessing the thermal comfort quality of naturally ventilated residential living spaces. Our study is designed in a warm-humid climate setting and in the context of affordable mass housing in the developing world where mechanical ventilation is unaffordable or affordable only for a definite period of the day and during peak summer seasons; such buildings are said to be operating in temporal mixed mode.</p><p>Affordable mass housing constitutes 95% housing demand in the residential sector in India. Various alternative materials and composite roofing and walling envelops have been envisioned in the past decade for such constructions, however, their effectiveness in terms of comfort quality has not been assessed for naturally ventilated envelops. Our study introduces a model to assess the thermal performance of naturally ventilated bedrooms constructed with alternate building envelop configurations. We attempt to review  and compare alternative walling technologies and the currently emerging mass housing construction systems in India with the base case housing envelop constructions commonly in practice in India that use ordinary burnt clay brick walls and reinforced concrete roofs. We compare the thermal comfort purveyed in the indoor bedroom spaces using the adaptive thermal comfort model in EN15251 as thermal neutrality temperature. We assess and compare alternative envelop performance using two measuring thermal comfort indices suited for naturally ventilated scenarios - the discomfort hours index and the cooling indoor degree hours index. Discomfort hours measures the number of hours of discomfort experienced during the summer solstice and spring equinox months whereas the cooling indoor degree hours measures the cumulative average temperature elevation from the comfort temperature in the hours marked as discomfort hours. In our study, light gauge steel framed structure with foam concrete filling records the minimum number of discomfort hours, however purveys maximum cooling indoor degree hours.</p><p>The above two comfort indices have not been compared in the past to assess the thermal comfort quality in naturally ventilated or temporal mixed mode buildings. Our study frames a thermal comfort assessment model for naturally ventilated envelops and thereby offers a paradigm shift from life cycle cooling load minimization models which are appropriate for mechanically conditioned spaces. Our observations are also important for mass housing envelop selection and in the context of the current policy frameworks in the developing world, aimed at minimizing the projected demand for residential space cooling and future energy footprints in the housing sector.</p>

scholarly journals High-Performance Workwear for Coal Miners in Northern China: Design and Performance Evaluation

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Ke ◽  
Qing Zheng ◽  
Faming Wang ◽  
Min Wang ◽  
Yi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Coal Miners ◽  
Climate Chamber ◽  
Local Skin ◽  
Worker Performance ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Skin Temperatures

Abstract The design of workwear has significant effects on worker performance. However, the current workwear for coal miners in Northern China is poor in fitness and thermal comfort. In this study, new workwear (NEW) for coal miners was developed with the design features providing better cold protection and movement comfort performance, as compared with a commonly worn workwear (CON). To evaluate the effectiveness of NEW, we conducted human trials which were performed using simulated work movements (i.e., sitting, shoveling, squatting, and crawling) in a climate chamber (10°C, 75% RH). Physiological measurements and perceptual responses were obtained. The results demonstrated that the local skin temperatures at chest, scapula, thigh, and calf; mean skin temperatures,; and thermal comfort in NEW were significantly higher than those in CON. NEW also exerted an improvement in enhancing movement comfort. We conclude that NEW could meet well with the cold protective and mobility requirements.

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