scholarly journals Urban form and function as building performance parameters

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 112-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Ann Futcher ◽  
Tristan Kershaw ◽  
Gerald Mills
Keyword(s):  
Urban Form ◽  
Building Performance ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
And Function

A Remote Sensing Based Calibration Framework for the MOLAND Urban Growth Model of Dublin

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Van de Voorde ◽  
Johannes van der Kwast ◽  
Frank Canters ◽  
Guy Engelen ◽  
Marc Binard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Model Calibration ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Model Output ◽  
Spatial Metrics ◽  
Change Models ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
And Function

Land-use change models are useful tools for assessing and comparing the environmental impact of alternative policy scenarios. Their increasing popularity as spatial planning instruments also poses new scientific challenges, such as correctly calibrating the model. The challenge in model calibration is twofold: obtaining a reliable and consistent time series of land-use information and finding suitable measures to compare model output to reality. Both of these issues are addressed in this paper. The authors propose a model calibration framework that is supported by information on urban form and function derived from medium-resolution remote sensing data through newly developed spatial metrics. The remote sensing derived maps are compared to model output of the same date for two model scenarios using well-known spatial metrics. Results demonstrate a good resemblance between the simulation output and the remote sensing derived maps.

scholarly journals Understanding the urbanization impacts of high-speed rail in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-34
Author(s):  
Anthony Perl ◽  
Taotao Deng ◽  
Leandro Correa ◽  
Dandan Wang ◽  
Yulin Yan
Keyword(s):  
Urban Form ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
High Speed Rail ◽  
National Network ◽  
Rail Network ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
And Function

Advances in transport technology have been shown to play a vital role in urban development over millennia. From the engineering and pavement innovations of the Roman road network to the aerospace breakthroughs that enabled jet aircraft, cities have been reshaped by the mobility changes resulting from new designs for moving people and goods. This article explores the urbanization impacts of High-Speed Rail’s introduction in China, which has built the world’s largest High-Speed Rail network in record time. Since High-Speed Rail was launched in Japan in 1964, this technology has worked to reshape intercity travel as a revolutionary transportation alternative. High-Speed Rail has developed steadily across Japan, France, Germany, Italy, Switzerland during the 1970s and 1980s. It expanded to Russia, Spain, the United Kingdom, and Sweden in the 1990s. In the 21st century, China began developing High-Speed Rail on an unprecedented scale, and now has a national network that is longer than the totality of the rest of the world’s High-Speed Rail operations combined. China’s High-Speed Rail operation is exerting a transformative influence on urban form and function. This article synthesizes secondary research results to analyse the impacts of HSR on urbanization. These effects include population redistribution, urban spatial expansion and industrial development. We offer a typol-ogy that considers the urban effects of High-Speed Rail at three spatial levels: the station area, the urban jurisdiction, and the regional agglomeration. When organized through our typology, research findings demonstrate that High-Speed Rail influences urban population size, urban spatial layout and industrial development by changing the acces-sibility of cities. We highlight the processes by which High-Speed Rail ultimately affects the urbanization process for people, land use, and industrial development. However, High-Speed Rail’s impacts on urbanization are not always positive. While leveraging the development opportunity enabled by High-Speed Rail, governments around the world should also avoid potential negative impacts by drawing lessons from the experience of High-Speed Rail’s rapid de-ployment in China.

scholarly journals Natural movement: A space syntax theory linking urban form and function with walking for transport

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 102072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Javad Koohsari ◽  
Koichiro Oka ◽  
Neville Owen ◽  
Takemi Sugiyama
Keyword(s):  
Urban Form ◽  
Space Syntax ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Natural Movement ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals Microscale Walkability Modelling. The Case of Athens City Centre

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 413-426
Author(s):  
Alexandros Bartzokas-Tsiompras ◽  
Yorgos N. Photis
Keyword(s):  
Regression Model ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Urban Policy ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Level Data ◽  
And Function

To date, several macro-level walkability measures have been proposed, but microscale and audit-based walkability approaches prove to be highly effective to support realistic, quick and cheap mechanisms for pedestrian-friendly environments. Yet, walkability audits are time- and cost-intensive solutions, because they require several streetscape observations. This study aims to investigate whether a multiple linear regression model of urban form- and function-related variables can effectively predict an audit-based average walkability indicator. For this purpose, we use a virtual, brief and reliable audit tool (MAPS-Mini) in Athens city centre in order to collect street-level data and in turn to construct a microscale walkability indicator (dependent variable). Moreover, our approach suggests a flexible statistical model of open-source data, with six exploratory variables of the macro-level built environment: angular integration, population density, transit stop density, pedestrian street density, retail and entertainment activity density, and building height. The results indicate that audit-based average walkability scores can be effectively estimated, as the regression model can explain about 82% of the variation. Furthermore, the density of retail and entertainment activities was indicated as the strongest correlate of more walking-friendly streetscapes, while some urban policy implications include the promotion of footpath repairs and better-engineered crossings.

Urban Transformation Process of Soho from 1889 to 2004 - A Discussion of the Form and Function Relationship

2011 ◽  
Vol 368-373 ◽  
pp. 3732-3736
Author(s):  
Xiao Ling Dai ◽  
Hua Li Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Urban Form ◽  
Space Syntax ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Urban Transformation ◽  
Spatial Change ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Logic ◽  
Function Relationship ◽  
And Function

Due to the advance of computer science, we now have more powerful tools to digitize and analyze the complex system of urban form, which was difficult for describing and exploring previously. Space syntax theory and method is one of these tools which can help to clarify the social logic of space quantitatively. By this tool, this study examined the urban transformation process of the London area of Soho in the last 100 years, aiming at articulating the intriguing form and function relationship. This study proposed that although the spatial change and social change are in different speed, their changing process still intertwined and interacted with each other.

Crowdsourcing urban form and function

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 720-741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Crooks ◽  
Dieter Pfoser ◽  
Andrew Jenkins ◽  
Arie Croitoru ◽  
Anthony Stefanidis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Form ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
And Function
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