Microsatellite and chloroplast DNA analyses reveal no genetic variation in a beach plant Surianana maritima on the Paracel Islands, China

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 171-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-su Chen ◽  
Zheng-feng Wang ◽  
Gang Zhao ◽  
Shu-guang Jian
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Chloroplast Dna ◽  
Dna Analyses ◽  
Paracel Islands

scholarly journals Phylogeography of Prunus armeniaca L. revealed by chloroplast DNA and nuclear ribosomal sequences

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Wen Li ◽  
Li-Qiang Liu ◽  
Qiu-Ping Zhang ◽  
Wei-Quan Zhou ◽  
Guo-Quan Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Chloroplast Dna ◽  
Population Expansion ◽  
Prunus Armeniaca ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Nuclear Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Glacial Refugium ◽  
Ili River Valley ◽  
Wild Apricot

AbstractTo clarify the phytogeography of Prunus armeniaca L., two chloroplast DNA fragments (trnL-trnF and ycf1) and the nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) were employed to assess genetic variation across 12 P. armeniaca populations. The results of cpDNA and ITS sequence data analysis showed a high the level of genetic diversity (cpDNA: HT = 0.499; ITS: HT = 0.876) and a low level of genetic differentiation (cpDNA: FST = 0.1628; ITS: FST = 0.0297) in P. armeniaca. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed that most of the genetic variation in P. armeniaca occurred among individuals within populations. The value of interpopulation differentiation (NST) was significantly higher than the number of substitution types (GST), indicating genealogical structure in P. armeniaca. P. armeniaca shared genotypes with related species and may be associated with them through continuous and extensive gene flow. The haplotypes/genotypes of cultivated apricot populations in Xinjiang, North China, and foreign apricot populations were mixed with large numbers of haplotypes/genotypes of wild apricot populations from the Ili River Valley. The wild apricot populations in the Ili River Valley contained the ancestral haplotypes/genotypes with the highest genetic diversity and were located in an area considered a potential glacial refugium for P. armeniaca. Since population expansion occurred 16.53 kyr ago, the area has provided a suitable climate for the population and protected the genetic diversity of P. armeniaca.

ISSR and chloroplast DNA analyses indicate frequent hybridization of alien Medicago sativa subsp. sativa and native M. sativa subsp. falcata

2015 ◽  
Vol 301 (10) ◽  
pp. 2341-2350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina Vyšniauskienė ◽  
Donatas Naugžemys ◽  
Jolanta Patamsytė ◽  
Vida Rančelienė ◽  
Tatjana Čėsnienė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Chloroplast Dna ◽  
Dna Analyses

Iris tibetica, a new combination in I. ser. Lacteae (Iridaceae) from China: evidence from morphological and chloroplast DNA analyses

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 338 (3) ◽  
pp. 223 ◽  
Author(s):  
EUGENY V. BOLTENKOV ◽  
ELENA V. ARTYUKOVA ◽  
MARINA M. KOZYRENKO ◽  
ANNA TRIAS-BLASI
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Chloroplast Dna ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Distribution Range ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Dna Analyses ◽  
Short Beak ◽  
Obtuse Apex

Historically, the species composition of Iris ser. Lacteae has been controversial. Morphological and molecular analyses have been conducted here including specimens covering most of their distribution range. The results suggest I. ser. Lacteae includes three species: the well-known I. lactea and I. oxypetala, plus a newly defined taxon which is endemic to the Gansu and Qinghai provinces, China. We here propose it as a new combination at the species rank, I. tibetica. Morphologically, this species is close to I. lactea but differs by its horizontal, creeping rhizome, scapes with no more than two flowers, its bracts reach the middle of the first flower, its broader inner perianth segments, its obovate with obtuse apex outer perianth segments, and its fruit apex always abruptly narrowed to a very short beak. The most useful qualitative and quantitative morphological characters used to distinguish this species are highlighted. Additionally, all three names are here typified, and a neotype for the name I. lactea and a lectotype for the name I. tibetica are designated. Notes on distribution and habitat are provided for all the accepted species.

scholarly journals Chloroplast DNA diversity among trees, populations and species in the California closed-cone pines (Pinus radiata, Pinus muricata and Pinus attenuata).

Genetics ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 135 (4) ◽  
pp. 1187-1196
Author(s):  
Y P Hong ◽  
V D Hipkins ◽  
S H Strauss
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Chloroplast Dna ◽  
Pinus Radiata ◽  
Nucleotide Diversity ◽  
Restriction Enzymes ◽  
Dna Polymorphisms ◽  
Pinus Muricata ◽  
Monterey Pine ◽  
Haplotypic Diversity ◽  
Closed Cone

Abstract The amount, distribution and mutational nature of chloroplast DNA polymorphisms were studied via analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphisms in three closely related species of conifers, the California closed-cone pines-knobcone pine: Pinus attenuata Lemm.; bishop pine: Pinus muricata D. Don; and Monterey pine: Pinus radiata D. Don. Genomic DNA from 384 trees representing 19 populations were digested with 9-20 restriction enzymes and probed with cloned cpDNA fragments from Douglas-fir [Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco] that comprise 82% chloroplast genome. Up to 313 restriction sites were surveyed, and 25 of these were observed to be polymorphic among or within species. Differences among species accounted for the majority of genetic (haplotypic) diversity observed [Gst = 84(+/- 13)%]; nucleotide diversity among species was estimated to be 0.3(+/- 0.1)%. Knobcone pine and Monterey pine displayed almost no genetic variation within or among populations. Bishop pine also showed little variability within populations, but did display strong population differences [Gst = 87(+/- 8)%] that were a result of three distinct geographic groups. Mean nucleotide diversity within populations was 0.003(+/- 0.002)%; intrapopulation polymorphisms were found in only five populations. This pattern of genetic variation contrasts strongly with findings from study of nuclear genes (allozymes) in the group, where most genetic diversity resides within populations rather than among populations or species. Regions of the genome subject to frequent length mutations were identified; estimates of subdivision based on length variant frequencies in one region differed strikingly from those based on site mutations or allozymes. Two trees were identified with a major chloroplast DNA inversion that closely resembled one documented between Pinus and Pseudotsuga.

scholarly journals Phylogeography of Prunus Armeniaca L. By Chloroplast DNA and Nuclear Ribosomal Sequences

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Wen Li ◽  
Li-Qiang Liu ◽  
Qiu-Ping Zhang ◽  
Wei-Quan Zhou ◽  
Guo-Quan Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Chloroplast Dna ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Population Expansion ◽  
Prunus Armeniaca ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Nuclear Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Ili River Valley ◽  
Wild Apricot

Abstract To clarify the phytogeography of Prunus armeniaca L., two chloroplast DNA fragments (trnL-trnF and ycf1) and the nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) were employed to assess the genetic variation across 12 P. armeniaca populations. The results of cpDNA and ITS sequence data analysis showed that the level of genetic diversity in P. armeniaca was high (cpDNA: HT=0.499; ITS: HT=0.876), and the level of genetic differentiation was low (cpDNA: FST=0.1628; ITS: FST=0.0297). An analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed that most of the genetic variation in P. armeniaca occurred among individuals within populations. The value of interpopulation differentiation (NST) was significantly higher than the number of substitution types (GST), indicating a genealogical structure in P. armeniaca. P. armeniaca shared the same genotypes with related species and may be associated with them through continuous and extensive gene flow. The haplotypes/genotypes of cultivated apricot populations in Xinjiang, North China, and foreign apricot populations were mixed with large numbers of haplotypes/genotypes of wild apricot populations from the Ili River Valley. The wild apricot populations in the Ili River Valley contained the ancestral haplotypes/genotypes with the highest genetic diversity and were located in an area considered a potential glacial refugiume for P. armeniaca. Since population expansion occurred 16.53 kyr ago, the area has provided a suitable climate for the population and protected the genetic diversity of P. armeniaca.

Analysis of genetic variation within clonal lineages of grape phylloxera (Daktulosphaira vitifoliae Fitch) using AFLP fingerprinting and DNA sequencing

Genome ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
pp. 660-667 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Vorwerk ◽  
A. Forneck
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Chloroplast Dna ◽  
Aflp Fingerprinting ◽  
Daktulosphaira Vitifoliae ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Grape Phylloxera ◽  
Noncoding Regions ◽  
Polymorphic Bands ◽  
Fingerprinting Methods

Two AFLP fingerprinting methods were employed to estimate the potential of AFLP fingerprints for the detection of genetic diversity within single founder lineages of grape phylloxera ( Daktulosphaira vitifoliae Fitch). Eight clonal lineages, reared under controlled conditions in a greenhouse and reproducing asexually throughout a minimum of 15 generations, were monitored and mutations were scored as polymorphisms between the founder individual and individuals of succeeding generations. Genetic variation was detected within all lineages, from early generations on. Six to 15 polymorphic loci (from a total of 141 loci) were detected within the lineages, making up 4.3% of the total amount of genetic variation. The presence of contaminating extra-genomic sequences (e.g., viral material, bacteria, or ingested chloroplast DNA) was excluded as a source of intraclonal variation. Sequencing of 37 selected polymorphic bands confirmed their origin in mostly noncoding regions of the grape phylloxera genome. AFLP techniques were revealed to be powerful for the identification of reproducible banding patterns within clonal lineages.

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