Genetic relationships among accessions of mandacaru (Cereus spp.: Cactaceae) using amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP)

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 12-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Sala de Faria-Tavares ◽  
Paula Garcia Martin ◽  
Claudete Aparecida Mangolin ◽  
Sandra Aparecida de Oliveira-Collet ◽  
Maria de Fátima P.S. Machado
Keyword(s):  
Fragment Length ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms

scholarly journals Genetic Relationships among Schizolobium parahybum (Vell.) Blake (Leguminosae) Ecotypes from Ecuador and other Countries

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 214-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. F. Canchignia-Martínez ◽  
S. Hernández-Delgado ◽  
M. González-Paz ◽  
E. Motte ◽  
N. Mayek-Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Fragment Length ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Aflp Markers ◽  
Diversity Patterns ◽  
Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Genetic Status

Abstract Fifteen ecotypes of Schizolobium parahybum (Vell.) Blake collected in Ecuador (9), Brazil (3), Bolivia (1) Costa Rica (1), and Peru (1) were analyzed using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPDs), Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms (AFLPs) and microsatellites (SSRs) in order to determine their genetic relationships and diversity patterns among ecotypes and to identify the origin of cultivated germplasm in Ecuador. Although AFLP markers were the most informative technique based on amplified products, SSRs clearly differentiated the ecotypes of Ecuador based on their geographical origin or genetic status into two groups: commercial ecotypes growing at western Ecuador very similar to the ecotype from Costa Rica, and native germplasm from eastern Ecuador and ecotypes from Brazil, Peru and Bolivia.

Genetic relationships of North American bears (Ursus) inferred from amplified fragment length polymorphisms and mitochondrial DNA sequences

2013 ◽  
Vol 91 (9) ◽  
pp. 626-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Cronin ◽  
M.M. McDonough ◽  
H.M. Huynh ◽  
R.J. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Fragment Length ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Black Bears ◽  
Gene Pools ◽  
Polar Bears ◽  
Brown Bears ◽  
Southeast Alaska ◽  
Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms

The three species of bears in North America, polar bears (Ursus maritimus Phipps, 1774), brown bears (Ursus arctos L., 1758), and black bears (Ursus americanus Pallas, 1780), have differentiated morphologies and nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. An exception is a paraphyletic mitochondrial DNA relationship and some nuclear gene lineages common to polar bears and a population of brown bears from islands in southeast Alaska. In this study, we quantified the genetic relationships of extant brown bears and black bears from Alaska and Montana, and polar bears from Alaska, with amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP) and mtDNA cytochrome-b sequences. Bayesian cluster analyses of the AFLP data show each species is distinct. All brown bears, including those from the islands in southeast Alaska, cluster separately from polar bears, and black bears cluster separately from brown bears and polar bears. The mtDNA of polar bears and southeast Alaska island brown bears is paraphyletic as reported previously, but the species have different haplotypes. These data indicate that extant populations of brown bears and polar bears have separate nuclear and mitochondrial gene pools and are supported as species under the genetic species concept.

AFLP assessment of the genetic relationships among 12 Thymus taxa occurring in Portugal

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-92
Author(s):  
David V. da Silva ◽  
João M. Duarte ◽  
Maria G. Miguel ◽  
José M. Leitão
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Fragment Length ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Aflp Markers ◽  
Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms

Thymus is a widely distributed genus in the Mediterranean region with several species endemic to the Iberian Peninsula. The genetic relationships among the 12 major Thymus taxa, T. albicans, T. caespititius, T. camphoratus, T. capitellatus, T. carnosus, T.lotocephalus, T. mastichina L. ssp. mastichina, T. pulegioides, T. villosus ssp. lusitanicus, T. villosus ssp. villosus, T. zygis ssp. sylvestris and T. zygis ssp. zygis, which occur in Portugal were assessed by AFLP (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms) markers. A general agreement was found between the genetic relationships estimated by the AFLP markers and the accepted Thymus taxonomy based on morphological traits and essential oil content. The AFLP markers also supported suggestions for refinement of the taxonomy of this genus.

scholarly journals Use of Inter-Simple Sequence Repeats and Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms to Analyze Genetic Relationships Among Small Grain-Infecting Species of Ustilago

2003 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. Menzies ◽  
G. Bakkeren ◽  
F. Matheson ◽  
J. D. Procunier ◽  
S. Woods
Keyword(s):  
Fragment Length ◽  
Simple Sequence Repeats ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Smut Fungi ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeats ◽  
Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Dna Profiles ◽  
Simple Sequence

In the smut fungi, few features are available for use as taxonomic criteria (spore size, shape, morphology, germination type, and host range). DNA-based molecular techniques are useful in expanding the traits considered in determining relationships among these fungi. We examined the phylogenetic relationships among seven species of Ustilago (U. avenae, U. bullata, U. hordei, U. kolleri, U. nigra, U. nuda, and U. tritici) using inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSRs) and amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs) to compare their DNA profiles. Fifty-four isolates of different Ustilago spp. were analyzed using ISSR primers, and 16 isolates of Ustilago were studied using AFLP primers. The variability among isolates within species was low for all species except U. bullata. The isolates of U. bullata, U. nuda, and U. tritici were well separated and our data supports their speciation. U. avenae and U. kolleri isolates did not separate from each other and there was little variability between these species. U. hordei and U. nigra isolates also showed little variability between species, but the isolates from each species grouped together. Our data suggest that U. avenae and U. kolleri are monophyletic and should be considered one species, as should U. hordei and U. nigra.

scholarly journals Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis of Genetic Diversity and Relationships of Wild and Cultivated Peach (Prunus persica L.)

HortScience ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fanjuan Meng ◽  
Mu Peng ◽  
Fachun Guan
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Fragment Length ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Polymorphism Analysis ◽  
Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Principal Axes

To date, a narrow genetic base is a serious obstacle in peach (Prunus persica L.) production. Wild peach resources are useful germplasms for breeding new cultivars. In this study, amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs) were used to analyze the genetic diversity and relationships of wild and cultivated peach germplasms. These results showed that AFLP is an efficient technique for identifying the genetic relationships of wild and cultivated peach. Thirteen AFLP primer combinations generated a total of 377 scorable and clear fragments, all of which (100%) were polymorphic. Moreover, the polymorphism information content (PIC) values ranged from 0.91 to 0.96 with a mean of 0.95. The results of the principal component analysis (PCoA) largely corresponded to those obtained using cluster analysis. The three principal axes accounted for 2.6%, 5.79%, and 25.26% of the total variation, respectively. In conclusion, wild peach germplasms should receive special attention to ensure their conservation.

scholarly journals Amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP's)

2017 ◽  
pp. 119 ◽  
Author(s):  
June Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Marker ◽  
Restriction Fragment ◽  
Restriction Enzyme ◽  
Fragment Length ◽  
Polymorphic Loci ◽  
Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Pcr Conditions

AFLP is a combination restriction fragment/PCR molecular marker technique which detects polymorphisms due to changes at or in the vicinity of restriction enzyme sites. The technique detects multiple polymorphic loci throughout the genome and may be used for fingerprinting and mapping purposes. The main advantages of the method are the consistency and reliability of the technique due to stringent PCR conditions and the ability to rapidly detect many polymorphic loci.

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