Low genetic diversity in marginal populations of Bletilla striata (Orchidaceae) in southern Korea: Insights into population history and implications for conservation

2013 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 88-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mi Yoon Chung ◽  
Jordi López-Pujol ◽  
Myong Gi Chung
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population History ◽  
Marginal Populations ◽  
Bletilla Striata ◽  
Low Genetic Diversity ◽  
Southern Korea

scholarly journals Geographical Gradients of Genetic Diversity and Differentiation among the Southernmost Marginal Populations of Abies sachalinensis Revealed by EST-SSR Polymorphism

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keiko Kitamura ◽  
Kentaro Uchiyama ◽  
Saneyoshi Ueno ◽  
Wataru Ishizuka ◽  
Ikutaro Tsuyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Distribution Center ◽  
Population History ◽  
Peripheral Populations ◽  
Abies Sachalinensis ◽  
Marginal Populations ◽  
Local Populations ◽  
Longitudinal Gradients

Research Highlights: We detected the longitudinal gradients of genetic diversity parameters, such as the number of alleles, effective number of alleles, heterozygosity, and inbreeding coefficient, and found that these might be attributable to climatic conditions, such as temperature and snow depth. Background and Objectives: Genetic diversity among local populations of a plant species at its distributional margin has long been of interest in ecological genetics. Populations at the distribution center grow well in favorable conditions, but those at the range margins are exposed to unfavorable environments, and the environmental conditions at establishment sites might reflect the genetic diversity of local populations. This is known as the central-marginal hypothesis in which marginal populations show lower genetic variation and higher differentiation than in central populations. In addition, genetic variation in a local population is influenced by phylogenetic constraints and the population history of selection under environmental constraints. In this study, we investigated this hypothesis in relation to Abies sachalinensis, a major conifer species in Hokkaido. Materials and Methods: A total of 1189 trees from 25 natural populations were analyzed using 19 EST-SSR loci. Results: The eastern populations, namely, those in the species distribution center, showed greater genetic diversity than did the western peripheral populations. Another important finding is that the southwestern marginal populations were genetically differentiated from the other populations. Conclusions: These differences might be due to genetic drift in the small and isolated populations at the range margin. Therefore, our results indicated that the central-marginal hypothesis held true for the southernmost A. sachalinensis populations in Hokkaido.

The Response to Past Climate Perturbations Explains Extremely Low Genetic Diversity in the Genome of an Abundant Ice-Age Remnant, the Alpine Marmot

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toni I. Gossmann​ ◽  
Achchuthan Shanmugasundram​ ◽  
Stefan Börno ◽  
Ludovic Duvaux ◽  
Christophe Lemaire​ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Past Climate ◽  
Low Genetic Diversity ◽  
Alpine Marmot

Genetic diversity of the extremely rare Habenaria dentata and the rare Habenaria linearifolia (Orchidaceae) in South Korea: implications for population history and conservation

2018 ◽  
Vol 151 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-60
Author(s):  
Mi Yoon Chung ◽  
Hoa Thi Quynh Le ◽  
Sungwon Son ◽  
Huai Zhen Tian ◽  
Myong Gi Chung
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Population History ◽  
Population Variation ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Ancestral Population ◽  
Allozyme Diversity ◽  
Glacial Origin

Background and aims – Since historical events often leave an indelible mark on levels of genetic diversity of plant populations, one may indirectly infer their evolutionary history with the help of current patterns of genetic diversity. The terrestrial orchid Habenaria dentata, an element of warm-temperate/subtropical vegetation, reaches its northernmost limits in the Korean Peninsula, and thus it is extremely rare there. As H. dentata was absent from the Peninsula during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), it is likely to be of post-glacial origin having arrived from either a single refugium or multiple refugia. However, its rare, temperate/boreal congener H. linearifolia might have persisted in situ in either macrorefugia or microrefugia on the Peninsula during the LGM.Methods – To test which hypothesis is most appropriate for each species, we investigated levels of allozyme-based (17 loci) genetic diversity and population genetic structure in the two only known populations of H. dentata and in 12 populations of H. linearifolia.Key results – No allozyme diversity was found in H. dentata (He = 0.000), whereas H. linearifolia exhibited low within-population variation (He = 0.060) and high among-population differentiation (FST = 0.237). We found little association between populations in relation to their geographic location; several populations presented individuals belonging to different clusters.Conclusions – Our results suggest that H. dentata likely originated from a single ancestral population (perhaps from southern Japan or southern China) through post-glacial dispersal, whereas H. linearifolia probably survived the LGM in situ in microrefugia situated at low to mid-elevated regions. We further suggest that separate conservation strategies for each species should be employed, given that the two taxa have different ecological and demographic traits and harbour different levels of genetic diversity.

Season of birth interacts with measures of inbreeding in multiplex schizophrenia pedigrees: evidence from genetic isolates in Daghestan

Open Medicine ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 392-398
Author(s):  
Kazima Bulayeva ◽  
John McGrath
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Family History ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Population Genetic Study ◽  
Season Of Birth ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Low Genetic Diversity ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
History Of ◽  
Genetic Isolates

AbstractWhile the season-of-birth effect is one of the most consistent epidemiological features of schizophrenia, there is a lack of consistency with respect to the interaction between season of birth and family history of schizophrenia. Apart from family history, measures related to consanguinity can be used as proxy markers of genomic heterogeneity. Thus, these measures may provide an alternate, indirect index of genetic susceptibility. We had the opportunity to explore the interaction between season of birth and measure of consanguinity in well-described genetic isolates in Daghestan, some of which are known for their relatively high prevalence of schizophrenia. Our previous population-genetic study showed Daghestan has an extremely high genetic diversity between the ethnic populations and a low genetic diversity within them. The isolates selected for this study include some with more than 200 and some with less than 100 generations of demographical history since their founding. Based on pedigrees of multiply-affected families, we found that among individuals with schizophrenia, the measure of consanguinity was significantly higher in the parents of those born in winter/spring compared to those born in summer/autumn. Furthermore, compared to summer/autumn born, winter/spring born individuals with schizophrenia had an earlier age-of-onset, and more prominent auditory hallucinations. Our results suggest that the offspring of consanguineous marriages, and thus those with reduced allelic heterogeneity, may be more susceptible to the environmental factor(s) underpinning the season-of-the effect in schizophrenia.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity of Bletilla striata assessed by SCoT and IRAP markers

Hereditas ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 155 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Guo ◽  
Lina Zhai ◽  
Hao Long ◽  
Nipi Chen ◽  
Chengxian Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Bletilla Striata ◽  
Irap Markers
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