Temporal variation in genetic diversity during an outbreak of Oligoryzomys longicaudatus (Rodentia, Sigmodontinae) in a temperate forest of southern Chile

2012 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 383-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dusan Boric-Bargetto ◽  
Enrique Rodríguez-Serrano ◽  
Cristián E. Hernández ◽  
Fabian M. Jaksic ◽  
R. Eduardo Palma
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Temperate Forest ◽  
Southern Chile ◽  
Oligoryzomys Longicaudatus

scholarly journals Prevalence, hematological findings and genetic diversity ofBartonellaspp. in domestic cats from Valdivia, Southern Chile

Parasitology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 144 (6) ◽  
pp. 773-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANANDA MÜLLER ◽  
ROMINA WALKER ◽  
PEDRO BITTENCOURT ◽  
ROSANGELA ZACARIAS MACHADO ◽  
JYAN LUCAS BENEVENUTE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Nucleotide Diversity ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Bartonella Henselae ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Species Differentiation ◽  
Southern Chile ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Real Time Quantitative Pcr ◽  
First Time

SUMMARYThe present study determined the prevalence, hematological findings and genetic diversity ofBartonellaspp. in domestic cats from Valdivia, Southern Chile. A complete blood count andnuoGgene real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) forBartonellaspp. were performed in 370 blood samples from cats in Valdivia, Southern Chile.nuoGqPCR-positive samples were submitted to conventional PCR for thegltAgene and sequencing for species differentiation and phylogenetic analysis. Alignment ofgltAgene was used to calculate the nucleotide diversity, polymorphic level, number of variable sites and average number of nucleotide differences.BartonellaDNA prevalence in cats was 18·1% (67/370). Twenty-nine samples were sequenced with 62·0% (18/29) identified asBartonella henselae, 34·4% (10/29) asBartonella clarridgeiae, and 3·4% (1/29) asBartonella koehlerae. Bartonella-positive cats had low DNA bacterial loads and their hematological parameters varied minimally. EachBartonellaspecies from Chile clustered together and with otherBartonellaspp. described in cats worldwide.Bartonella henselaeandB. clarridgeiaeshowed a low number of variable sites, haplotypes and nucleotide diversity.Bartonella clarridgeiaeandB. koehleraeare reported for the first time in cats from Chile and South America, respectively.

scholarly journals Does silvoagropecuary landscape fragmentation affect the genetic diversity of the sigmodontine rodent Oligoryzomys longicaudatus?

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Lazo-Cancino ◽  
Selim S. Musleh ◽  
Cristian E. Hernandez ◽  
Eduardo Palma ◽  
Enrique Rodriguez-Serrano
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Isolation By Distance ◽  
Landscape Fragmentation ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Least Cost Path ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Forest Patches ◽  
Genetic Diversity And Structure ◽  
Oligoryzomys Longicaudatus

Background Fragmentation of native forests is a highly visible result of human land-use throughout the world. In this study, we evaluated the effects of landscape fragmentation and matrix features on the genetic diversity and structure of Oligoryzomys longicaudatus, the natural reservoir of Hantavirus in southern South America. We focused our work in the Valdivian Rainforest where human activities have produced strong change of natural habitats, with an important number of human cases of Hantavirus. Methods We sampled specimens of O. longicaudatus from five native forest patches surrounded by silvoagropecuary matrix from Panguipulli, Los Rios Region, Chile. Using the hypervariable domain I (mtDNA), we characterized the genetic diversity and evaluated the effect of fragmentation and landscape matrix on the genetic structure of O. longicaudatus. For the latter, we used three approaches: (i) Isolation by Distance (IBD) as null model, (ii) Least-cost Path (LCP) where genetic distances between patch pairs increase with cost-weighted distances, and (iii) Isolation by Resistance (IBR) where the resistance distance is the average number of steps that is needed to commute between the patches during a random walk. Results We found low values of nucleotide diversity (π) for the five patches surveyed, ranging from 0.012 to 0.015, revealing that the 73 sampled specimens of this study belong to two populations but with low values of genetic distance (γST) ranging from 0.022 to 0.099. Likewise, we found that there are no significant associations between genetic distance and geographic distance for IBD and IBR. However, we found for the LCP approach, a significant positive relationship (r = 0.737, p = 0.05), with shortest least-cost paths traced through native forest and arborescent shrublands. Discussion In this work we found that, at this reduced geographical scale, Oligoryzomys longicaudatus shows genetic signs of fragmentation. In addition, we found that connectivity between full growth native forest remnants is mediated by the presence of dense shrublands and native forest corridors. In this sense, our results are important because they show how native forest patches and associated routes act as source of vector species in silvoagropecuary landscape, increasing the infection risk on human population. This study is the first approach to understand the epidemiological spatial context of silvoagropecuary risk of Hantavirus emergence. Further studies are needed to elucidate the effects of landscape fragmentation in order to generate new predictive models based on vector intrinsic attributes and landscape features.

scholarly journals Genetic population structure of the toxigenic dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella in the Patagonian Fjords System, southern Chile

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Javier Paredes-Mella ◽  
Daniel Varela
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
First Record ◽  
Southern Chile ◽  
Genetic Population ◽  
Vegetative Cells ◽  
Alexandrium Catenella ◽  
Diversity Gradient ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Genetic Diversity And Structure ◽  
High Gene

Alexandrium catenella is the main species that form harmful algae blooms (HABs) in southern Chile. Since its first record in 1972 in the Magallanes region this species apparently has increased its range distribution from south to north. In this study, we investigate the influence of the range expansions distribution on the A. catenella populations genetic diversity and structure. This was achieved by isolating 33 clones from different localities along the Magallanes and Aysén region which were genetically characterized with Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLPs) molecular markers. Results showed a latitudinal genetic diversity gradient from the south to north populations. Inter-populations genetic divergences were low but significant between both geographically close and distant populations. Results indicated that the genetic diversity differentiation could be generated by a founder effect, which is expected in populations that have expanded their distribution range. On the other hand, low levels of genetic divergences between distant populations seems point out that high gene flow occurs along coast of the Pacific Ocean, but also, seems hints the connectivity route between the Magallanes and Aysén populations i.e., the vegetative cells dispersion among populations, would occur through coastal Pacific coast and Boca del Guafo. Finally, the high values of multilocus linkage disequilibrium found between closer population of Aysén indicates that divergence could be influenced along with the reproductive dynamic of the vegetative cells.

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