Effects of single versus dual-site High-Definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) on cortical reactivity and working memory performance in healthy subjects

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1033-1043 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aron T. Hill ◽  
Nigel C. Rogasch ◽  
Paul B. Fitzgerald ◽  
Kate E. Hoy
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Single Versus ◽  
Dual Site

scholarly journals The polarity specific nature of single session high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation to the cerebellum and prefrontal cortex on motor and non-motor task performance

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ted Maldonado ◽  
Jessica A. Bernard
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Task Performance ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Verbal Working Memory ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Cathodal Stimulation ◽  
Effortful Processing

AbstractThe cerebellum has an increasingly recognized role in higher order cognition. Advancements in noninvasive neuromodulation techniques allows one to focally create functional alterations in the cerebellum to investigate its role in cognitive functions. To this point, work in this area has been mixed, in part due to varying methodologies for stimulation, and it is unclear whether or not transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) effects on the cerebellum are task or load dependent. Here, we employed a between-subjects design using a high definition tDCS system to apply anodal, cathodal, or sham stimulation to the cerebellum or prefrontal cortex (PFC) to examine the role the cerebellum plays in verbal working memory, inhibition, motor learning, and balance performance, and how this interaction might interact with the cortex (i.e. PFC). We predicted performance decrements following anodal stimulation and performance increases following cathodal stimulation, compared to sham. Broadly, our work provides evidence for cerebellar contributions to cognitive processing, particularly in verbal working memory and sequence learning. Additionally, we found the effect of stimulation might be load specific, particularly when applied to the cerebellum. Critically, anodal simulation negatively impacted performance during effortful processing, but was helpful during less effortful processing. Cathodal stimulation hindered task performance, regardless of simulation region. The current results suggest an effect of stimulation on cognition, perhaps suggesting that the cerebellum is more critical when processing is less effortful but becomes less involved under higher load when processing is more prefrontally-dependent.

scholarly journals High-Definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Over the Right Lateral Prefrontal Cortex Increases Maximization Tendencies

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haixia Wang ◽  
Hanqi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal ◽  
The Right ◽  
Motivational Changes

People seek the best in every aspect of life. However, little is known about the neurobiological mechanisms supporting this process of maximization. In this study, maximization tendencies were increased by using high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) over the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Participants (n = 64) received 2 mA anodal 4 × 1 HD-tDCS or sham stimulation over the right DLPFC in two sessions and subsequently completed an N-back working memory task and a maximization scale (MS). We observed that maximization tendency scores increased during anodal stimulation. Furthermore, the results indicate that this increase in maximization tendency was driven by motivational changes. On the MS, alternative search subscale scores were significantly increased, demonstrating an increase in motivation to evaluate more alternatives; however, the results did not indicate that the increase in maximization tendencies was due to working memory improvement. These results demonstrated that maximization tendencies can be strengthened through noninvasive interventions and that the right DLPFC has a causal relationship with maximization tendencies.

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