Hearing subject׳s own name induces the late positive component of event-related potential and beta power suppression

2016 ◽  
Vol 1635 ◽  
pp. 130-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaori Tamura ◽  
Takaaki Mizuba ◽  
Keiji Iramina
Keyword(s):  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Positive Component ◽  
Late Positive Component ◽  
Beta Power ◽  
Own Name

Neural correlates of pride and joy recognition in early childhood

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (9) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Yue Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Neural Mechanism ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Central Component ◽  
Positive Component ◽  
Negative Component ◽  
Late Positive Component ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Insight Into

I investigated neural processing during the recognition of pride and joy in early childhood using the event-related potential (ERP) technique. Electroencephalography recording was taken of 21 children aged between 4 and 6 years. They were shown photographs of familiar peers and strangers whose facial expressions displayed the emotion of either pride or joy. ERPs were recorded for the children's judgment of the expression of these two emotions when an image was presented. The results demonstrate that the neural dynamics during children's recognition of pride and joy involve three stages: The early negative component is spontaneously responsive to familiar faces, the midlatency negative central component is responsive to expression of familiar faces, and the late positive component marks greater extended processing of an expression of pride. These findings provide new insight into the neural mechanism of pride and joy recognition in children aged 4 to 6 years.

The neural and cognitive time course of intention reasoning: Electrophysiological evidence from ERPs

2020 ◽  
pp. 174702182097421
Author(s):  
Qin Jiang ◽  
Qi Wang ◽  
Hong Li
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Cognitive Conflict ◽  
Conceptual Structure ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Positive Component ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Late Positive Component ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Present Event

Intention is a typical mental state in the theory of mind. However, to date, there have been theoretical debates on the conceptual structure of intention. The neural and cognitive time course of intention reasoning remains unclear. The present event-related potential (ERP) study had two purposes: first, to investigate the neural correlates of intention reasoning based on a differentiated conceptual structure distinguishing desire and intention; second, to investigate the neural basis of intention reasoning for different agents. Thus, we compared the neural activity elicited by intention reasoning for self and for others when the intention matched or mismatched the desire of the agent. The results revealed that three ERP components distinguished among different types of intention reasoning. A negative-going ERP deflection with right frontal distribution between 400 and 500 ms might reflect the cognitive conflict involved in intention reasoning, a right frontal late positive component might be associated with the categorisation of agents, and a centro-parietal late slow wave might indicate the conceptual mental operations associated with decoupling mechanisms in intention processing. These findings implied the neural and cognitive time course of intention reasoning and provided neural evidence for the differentiated conception of intention.

scholarly journals Late Positive Component Event-related Potential Amplitude Predicts Long-term Classroom-based Learning

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 1323-1329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine W. Turk ◽  
Ala'a A. Elshaar ◽  
Rebecca G. Deason ◽  
Nadine C. Heyworth ◽  
Corrine Nagle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Sciences ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Positive Component ◽  
Late Positive Component ◽  
Initial Learning ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Conscious Recollection ◽  
Component Event

It is difficult to predict whether newly learned information will be retrievable in the future. A biomarker of long-lasting learning, capable of predicting an individual's future ability to retrieve a particular memory, could positively influence teaching and educational methods. ERPs were investigated as a potential biomarker of long-lasting learning. Prior ERP studies have supported a dual-process model of recognition memory that categorizes recollection and familiarity as distinct memorial processes with distinct ERP correlates. The late positive component is thought to underlie conscious recollection and the frontal N400 signal is thought to reflect familiarity [Yonelinas, A. P. Components of episodic memory: The contribution of recollection and familiarity. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B, Biological Sciences, 356, 1363–1374, 2001]. Here we show that the magnitude of the late positive component, soon after initial learning, is predictive of subsequent recollection of anatomical terms among medical students 6 months later.

scholarly journals Neuro-Cognitive Profile of Morning and Evening Chronotypes at Different Times of Day

2021 ◽  
pp. 097275312199028
Author(s):  
Nanditha Venkat ◽  
Meenakshi Sinha ◽  
Ramanjan Sinha ◽  
Jayshri Ghate ◽  
Babita Pande
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Power Spectral Analysis ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Fast Fourier Transformation ◽  
P300 Latency ◽  
Cognitive Measures ◽  
Circadian Time ◽  
Beta Power

Background: Chronotype is the circadian time preference for sleep–wake timings. However, its impact on cognitive performance is least explored. Objective: The present study investigated the effect of chronotype (morning “M” vs. evening “E”) on cognitive measures as a function of time of the day. In addition, the correlation between electroencephalogram (EEG) waves and subjective/objective cognitive measures were investigated. Method: Cognitive status of 28 adult male subjects (15 “M” and 13 “E”) was assessed objectively through event-related potential (ERP) by administering visual odd ball paradigm test and subjectively through Montreal Cognitive Assessment questionnaire. In addition, 20 to 30 min of resting EEG was recorded. Recordings were done from 8 to 10 am and from 4 to 6 pm on a single day. Power spectral analysis of EEG for alpha and beta waves at PZ and FZ cortical sites was done after subjecting selected epochs to fast Fourier transformation. Also, latency and amplitude of P300 potential from event-related potential record were measured. Appropriate statistical tests were applied for analysis. Results: Higher alpha and beta power was observed in “E” at PZ in the evening. “M” showed increased P300 latency and amplitude during evening session for frequent and rare stimuli and vice versa in “E.”’ Significant negative correlation was seen between latency of rare stimuli and alpha and beta power at FZ site during evening in “E” chronotype only. Conclusion: Result indicates better attention and alertness during evening hours in evening chronotypes and vice versa in morning chronotypes. The findings could be implemented to schedule the mental performance/cognitive load according to individual chronotype.

scholarly journals Autobiographically Significant Concepts: More Episodic than Semantic in Nature? An Electrophysiological Investigation of Overlapping Types of Memory

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis Renoult ◽  
Patrick S. R. Davidson ◽  
Erika Schmitz ◽  
Lillian Park ◽  
Kenneth Campbell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Semantic Memory ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Positive Component ◽  
Late Positive Component ◽  
Episodic Information ◽  
Semantic Concepts ◽  
N400 Component ◽  
Episodic Memories ◽  
Highly Correlated

A common assertion is that semantic memory emerges from episodic memory, shedding the distinctive contexts associated with episodes over time and/or repeated instances. Some semantic concepts, however, may retain their episodic origins or acquire episodic information during life experiences. The current study examined this hypothesis by investigating the ERP correlates of autobiographically significant (AS) concepts, that is, semantic concepts that are associated with vivid episodic memories. We inferred the contribution of semantic and episodic memory to AS concepts using the amplitudes of the N400 and late positive component, respectively. We compared famous names that easily brought to mind episodic memories (high AS names) against equally famous names that did not bring such recollections to mind (low AS names) on a semantic task (fame judgment) and an episodic task (recognition memory). Compared with low AS names, high AS names were associated with increased amplitude of the late positive component in both tasks. Moreover, in the recognition task, this effect of AS was highly correlated with recognition confidence. In contrast, the N400 component did not differentiate the high versus low AS names but, instead, was related to the amount of general knowledge participants had regarding each name. These results suggest that semantic concepts high in AS, such as famous names, have an episodic component and are associated with similar brain processes to those that are engaged by episodic memory. Studying AS concepts may provide unique insights into how episodic and semantic memory interact.

Tactile perception of skin: research on late positive component of event-related potentials evoked by friction

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 (5) ◽  
pp. 623-629
Author(s):  
Wei Tang ◽  
Xiangyong Lu ◽  
Si Chen ◽  
Shirong Ge ◽  
Xianghong Jing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Tactile Perception ◽  
Positive Component ◽  
Late Positive Component ◽  
Related Potentials
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