scholarly journals Exercise-induced improvement in cognitive performance after traumatic brain injury in rats is dependent on BDNF activation

2009 ◽  
Vol 1288 ◽  
pp. 105-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace Sophia Griesbach ◽  
David Allen Hovda ◽  
Fernando Gomez-Pinilla
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Exercise Induced

Severity of Ongoing Post-Concussive Symptoms as a Predictor of Cognitive Performance Following a Pediatric Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Veronik Sicard ◽  
Danielle C. Hergert ◽  
Sharvani Pabbathi Reddy ◽  
Cidney R. Robertson-Benta ◽  
Andrew B. Dodd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Visual Learning ◽  
Learning Task ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Post Injury

Abstract Objective: This study aimed to examine the predictors of cognitive performance in patients with pediatric mild traumatic brain injury (pmTBI) and to determine whether group differences in cognitive performance on a computerized test battery could be observed between pmTBI patients and healthy controls (HC) in the sub-acute (SA) and the early chronic (EC) phases of injury. Method: 203 pmTBI patients recruited from emergency settings and 159 age- and sex-matched HC aged 8–18 rated their ongoing post-concussive symptoms (PCS) on the Post-Concussion Symptom Inventory and completed the Cogstate brief battery in the SA (1–11 days) phase of injury. A subset (156 pmTBI patients; 144 HC) completed testing in the EC (∼4 months) phase. Results: Within the SA phase, a group difference was only observed for the visual learning task (One-Card Learning), with pmTBI patients being less accurate relative to HC. Follow-up analyses indicated higher ongoing PCS and higher 5P clinical risk scores were significant predictors of lower One-Card Learning accuracy within SA phase, while premorbid variables (estimates of intellectual functioning, parental education, and presence of learning disabilities or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder) were not. Conclusions: The absence of group differences at EC phase is supportive of cognitive recovery by 4 months post-injury. While the severity of ongoing PCS and the 5P score were better overall predictors of cognitive performance on the Cogstate at SA relative to premorbid variables, the full regression model explained only 4.1% of the variance, highlighting the need for future work on predictors of cognitive outcomes.

The Power of Perception: Beliefs About Memory Ability Uniquely Contribute to Memory Performance and Quality of Life in Adults Aging with Traumatic Brain Injury

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umesh M. Venkatesan ◽  
Amanda Rabinowitz ◽  
Frank Hillary
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Health Related

Objective. Personal beliefs about memory ability, which comprise memory self-efficacy (MSE), can influence memory performance in healthy older adults. Self-efficacy theory also predicts that MSE biases self-perceptions of functioning more globally, potentially impacting daily activity beyond cognitive performance. People with traumatic brain injury (PwTBI) frequently report debilitating memory problems long after acute recovery, but little is known about how MSE affects health outcomes in this population. We examined demographic and clinical correlates of MSE, as well as its relationship to memory test performance and health-related quality of life (QOL), in older adults with chronic moderate-to-severe TBI (msTBI). Method. One hundred fourteen adults, aged 50+ and at least one year post-msTBI, underwent neuropsychological testing to assess their memory functioning. Participants also self-reported levels of psychological distress, MSE (Cognitive Confidence subscale of the Metacognitions Questionnaire), and health-related QOL (Quality of Life after Brain Injury questionnaire). Results. Demographic and injury-related predictors showed weak correlations with MSE. Although the relationship between MSE and general psychological distress was robust, only the former significantly predicted memory performance. Bivariate analyses revealed significant relationships between MSE and five out of the six QOL domains assessed. Multivariate linear regression revealed a significant impact of MSE on overall QOL independent of demographic and clinical variables. Conclusions. Our findings support a unique role for MSE in both objective cognitive performance and subjective health of PwTBI. Increased focus on self-perceptions of ability and their impact on measured outcomes is an important step towards personalized rehabilitation for adults with chronic msTBI.

scholarly journals Understanding the relationship between cognitive performance and function in daily life after traumatic brain injury

2020 ◽  
pp. jnnp-2020-324492
Author(s):  
Lindsay Wilson ◽  
Lindsay Horton ◽  
Kevin Kunzmann ◽  
Barbara J Sahakian ◽  
Virginia FJ Newcombe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Different Levels

ObjectiveCognitive impairment is a key cause of disability after traumatic brain injury (TBI) but relationships with overall functioning in daily life are often modest. The aim is to examine cognition at different levels of function and identify domains associated with disability.Methods1554 patients with mild-to-severe TBI were assessed at 6 months post injury on the Glasgow Outcome Scale—Extended (GOSE), the Short Form-12v2 and a battery of cognitive tests. Outcomes across GOSE categories were compared using analysis of covariance adjusting for age, sex and education.ResultsOverall effect sizes were small to medium, and greatest for tests involving processing speed (ηp2 0.057–0.067) and learning and memory (ηp2 0.048–0.052). Deficits in cognitive performance were particularly evident in patients who were dependent (GOSE 3 or 4) or who were unable to participate in one or more major life activities (GOSE 5). At higher levels of function (GOSE 6–8), cognitive performance was surprisingly similar across categories. There were decreases in performance even in patients reporting complete recovery without significant symptoms. Medium to large effect sizes were present for summary measures of cognition (ηp2 0.111), mental health (ηp2 0.131) and physical health (ηp2 0.252).ConclusionsThis large-scale study provides novel insights into cognitive performance at different levels of disability and highlights the importance of processing speed in function in daily life. At upper levels of outcome, any influence of cognition on overall function is markedly attenuated and differences in mental health are salient.

scholarly journals Pterins as Diagnostic Markers of Mechanical and Impact-Induced Trauma: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angus Lindsay ◽  
Gregory Baxter-Parker ◽  
Steven P. Gieseg
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Liver Resection ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Multiple Forms ◽  
Concentration Changes ◽  
Exercise Induced

We performed a systematic review of the literature to evaluate pterins as biomarkers of mechanical and impact-induced trauma. MEDLINE and Scopus were searched in March 2019. We included in vivo human studies that measured a pterin in response to mechanical or impact-induced trauma with no underlying prior disease or complication. We included 40 studies with a total of 3829 subjects. Seventy-seven percent of studies measured a significant increase in a pterin, primarily neopterin or total neopterin (neopterin + 7,8-dihydroneopterin). Fifty-one percent of studies measured an increase within 24 h or trauma, while 46% measured increases beyond 48 h. Pterins also showed promise as predictors of post-trauma complications such as sepsis, multi-organ failure and mortality. Exercise-induced trauma and traumatic brain injury caused an immediate increase in neopterin or total neopterin, while patients of multiple trauma had elevated pterin levels that remained above baseline for several days. Pterin concentration changes in response to surgery were variable with patients undergoing cardiac surgery having immediate and sustained pterin increases, while hysterectomy, liver resection or hysterectomy showed no change. This review provides systematic evidence that pterins, in particular neopterin and total neopterin, increase in response to multiple forms of mechanical or impact-induced trauma.

Association between cognitive performance and functional outcome following traumatic brain injury: A longitudinal multilevel examination.

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 604-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gershon Spitz ◽  
Jennie L. Ponsford ◽  
Dion Rudzki ◽  
Jerome J. Maller
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Functional Outcome ◽  
Cognitive Performance

Astaxanthin improves cognitive performance in mice following mild traumatic brain injury

2017 ◽  
Vol 1659 ◽  
pp. 88-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinran Ji ◽  
Dayong Peng ◽  
Yiling Zhang ◽  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Yuning Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Increased circulating stem cells and better cognitive performance in traumatic brain injury subjects following hyperbaric oxygen therapy

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Shandley ◽  
◽  
E. George Wolf ◽  
Christine Schubert-Kabban ◽  
Laura Baugh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Hyperbaric Oxygen ◽  
Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy ◽  
Oxygen Therapy
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