scholarly journals Aged rats: Sex differences and responses to chronic stress

2006 ◽  
Vol 1126 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel E. Bowman ◽  
Neil J. Maclusky ◽  
Samantha E. Diaz ◽  
Mark C. Zrull ◽  
Victoria N. Luine
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Aged Rats

scholarly journals Glucoregulation and coping behavior after chronic stress: sex differences across the lifespan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carley Dearing ◽  
Rachel Morano ◽  
Elaine Ptaskiewicz ◽  
Parinaz Mahbod ◽  
Jessie R Scheimann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Forced Swim Test ◽  
Coping Behavior ◽  
Early Life Stress ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Late Adolescent ◽  
Passive Coping

AbstractExposure to prolonged stress during adolescence taxes adaptive and homeostatic processes leading to deleterious behavioral and metabolic outcomes. Although previous pre-clinical studies found effects of early life stress on cognition and stress hormone reactivity, these studies largely focused on males. The purpose of the current study was to determine how biological sex shapes behavioral coping and metabolic health across the lifespan after chronic stress. We hypothesized that examining chronic stress-induced behavioral and endocrine outcomes would reveal sex differences in the biological basis of susceptibility. During the late adolescent period, male and female Sprague-Dawley rats experienced chronic variable stress (CVS). Following completion of CVS, all rats experienced a forced swim test (FST) followed 3 days later by a fasted glucose tolerance test (GTT). The FST was used to determine coping in response to a stressor. Endocrine metabolic function was evaluated in the GTT by measuring glucose and corticosterone, the primary rodent glucocorticoid. Animals then aged to 15 months when the FST and GTT were repeated. In young animals, chronically stressed females exhibited more passive coping and corticosterone release in the FST. Additionally, chronically stressed females had elevated corticosterone and impaired glucose clearance in the GTT. Aging affected all measurements as behavioral and endocrine outcomes were sex specific. Furthermore, regression analysis between hormonal and behavioral responses identified associations depending on sex and stress. Collectively, these data indicate female susceptibility to the effects of chronic stress during adolescence. Further, translational investigation of coping style and glucose homeostasis may identify biomarkers for stress-related disorders.

Glutamate-Glutamine Transfer and Chronic Stress-Induced Sex Differences in Cocaine Responses

Neuroscience ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 391 ◽  
pp. 104-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akiko Shimamoto ◽  
Virginie Rappeneau ◽  
Havisha Munjal ◽  
Tonie Farris ◽  
Christopher Davis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Cocaine Responses

scholarly journals Corticotrophin releasing factor receptor 1 antagonists prevent chronic stress-induced behavioral changes and synapse loss in aged rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 ◽  
pp. 92-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongxin Dong ◽  
Jack M. Keegan ◽  
Ellie Hong ◽  
Christopher Gallardo ◽  
Janitza Montalvo-Ortiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Aged Rats ◽  
Synapse Loss ◽  
Corticotrophin Releasing Factor

scholarly journals Effects of chronic stress on reinstatement of palatable food seeking: Sex differences and relationship to trait anxiety

2020 ◽  
Vol 221 ◽  
pp. 112900
Author(s):  
Kevin T. Ball ◽  
Olivia Best ◽  
Erin Hagan ◽  
Claire Pressimone ◽  
Lindsay Tosh
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Palatable Food ◽  
Food Seeking

Effects of age on metabolic responses to acute and chronic stress

1988 ◽  
Vol 254 (5) ◽  
pp. E617-E624 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Odio ◽  
A. Brodish
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Metabolic Responses ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Aged Rats ◽  
Young Rats ◽  
Acute And Chronic Stress ◽  
Old Rats

The effect of age on the capacity of an organism to mobilize glucose and free fatty acids during stress and to adapt these responses from an acute to a chronic stress situation is not known. The purpose of this study was to determine whether aging impaired the capacity to 1) raise glucose and free fatty acid levels and suppress insulin release in acute stress situations and 2) develop adaptation of these responses to exposure to chronic stress. Our results indicate that 6-mo-old rats (young) trained to escape electric shock (short-term modulation) showed greater acute stress-induced hyperglycemic, hypoinsulinemic, and lipolytic responses than untrained young rats. By contrast, in 22-mo-old rats (old), responses of trained and untrained animals were not different. In the chronic stress (long-term adaptation) experiments, it was found that 1) adaptation of stress-induced hyperglycemia occurred at a faster rate in young than in old animals; 2) in young but not in aged rats, a strong positive correlation was observed between adaptation of stress-induced hyperglycemia and hypoinsulinemia; and 3) in young rats, stress-induced lipolytic responses declined proportionately to the duration of chronic stress exposure, whereas by contrast in chronically stressed aged rats steady-state levels of free fatty acids were not raised during exposure to stress. Thus we conclude that 1) glucose intolerance may play a key role in the altered stress-induced metabolic responses of aged rats; 2) with age, there is a loss of plasticity in physiological adaptive response mechanisms associated with metabolic responses to stress.

Sex differences in the burying behavior test in middle-aged rats: Effects of diazepam

2011 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 532-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Olvera-Hernández ◽  
Alonso Fernández-Guasti
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Aged Rats ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Behavior Test

Sex Differences in Macrophage Functions in Middle-Aged Rats: Relevance of Estradiol Level and Macrophage Estrogen Receptor Expression

Inflammation ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 1087-1101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Ćuruvija ◽  
Stanislava Stanojević ◽  
Nevena Arsenović-Ranin ◽  
Veljko Blagojević ◽  
Mirjana Dimitrijević ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Estrogen Receptor ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Estradiol Level ◽  
Estrogen Receptor Expression ◽  
Aged Rats ◽  
Middle Aged

scholarly journals Sex differences in chronic social stress models in mice

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orit Furman ◽  
Michael Tsoory ◽  
Alon Chen
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Treatment Response ◽  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Social Stress ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Chronic Social Stress

AbstractChronic stress creates an allostatic overload that may lead to mood disorders such as anxiety and depression. Modern causes of chronic stress in humans are mostly social in nature, relating to work and relationship stress. Research into neural and molecular mechanisms of vulnerability and resilience following chronic social stress (CSS) is ongoing and uses animal models to discover efficient prevention strategies and treatments. To date, most CSS studies have neglected the female sex and used male-focused aggression-based animal models such as chronic social defeat stress (CSDS). Accumulating evidence on sex differences suggests differences in the stress response, the prevalence of stress-related illness and the treatment response, indicating that researchers should expand CSS investigation to include female-focused protocols alongside the popular CSDS protocols. Here, we describe a novel female mouse model of CSS and a parallel modified male mouse model of CSDS in C57BL/6 mice. These new models enable the investigation of vulnerability, coping and downstream effectors mediating long-term consequences of CSS in both sexes. Our data demonstrate sex differences during CSS and for many weeks following CSS. Female mice are more prone to body weight loss during CSS and hyperactive anxious behavior following CSS. Both sexes show disturbances in social interaction, but only stressed male mice show long-term changes in neuroendocrine function and memory performance after fear conditioning. We discuss future avenues of research using these models to investigate mechanisms pertaining to sensitivity to CSS as well as treatment response profiles, in a sex-suitable manner.

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