scholarly journals Correlation between vertebral bone microstructure and estimated strength in elderly women: An ex-vivo HR-pQCT study of cadaveric spine

Bone ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 120 ◽  
pp. 459-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuta Yamada ◽  
Ko Chiba ◽  
Narihiro Okazaki ◽  
Makoto Era ◽  
Yuichiro Nishino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Women ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Bone Microstructure ◽  
Vertebral Bone

Effect Of Captivity On The Vertebral Bone Microstructure Of Xenarthran Mammals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellianna H Zack ◽  
Stephanie M Smith ◽  
Kenneth D Angielczyk
Keyword(s):  
Bone Microstructure ◽  
Vertebral Bone

scholarly journals Association of Collagen Type 1 α1 Gene Polymorphism with Bone Density in Early Childhood1

1999 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 853-855
Author(s):  
Jesus Sainz ◽  
Jan M. Van Tornout ◽  
James Sayre ◽  
Francine Kaufman ◽  
Vicente Gilsanz
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Gene Polymorphism ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Cancellous Bone ◽  
Vertebral Fractures ◽  
Collagen Type ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Structural Basis ◽  
Type I ◽  
Vertebral Bone

Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by the development of nontraumatic fractures, most commonly in the vertebrae of elderly women. Approximately 500,000 elderly women in the United States are newly diagnosed with vertebral fractures every year, as the compressive strength of the vertebra, mainly determined by the density of cancellous bone and its cross-sectional area, declines with age. A recent study in women suggested that a polymorphism in the Sp1 binding site of the collagen type I gene (COLIA1) was related to decreased vertebral bone mass and vertebral fractures. Determining the phenotypic trait(s) responsible for this relationship and whether this association is manifested in childhood would further define the structural basis for decreased bone mass and help identify children “at risk” for fractures later in life. We therefore studied the COLIA1 gene polymorphism and measurements of the size and the density of vertebral bone in 109 healthy, prepubertal girls. On average, 22 girls with the Ss genotype and one girl with the ss genotype had 6.7% and 49.4% lower cancellous bone density in the vertebrae than girls with the SS genotype. In contrast, there was no association between the size of the vertebrae and the COLIA1 genotypes.

scholarly journals Development and characterization of a novel human 3D model of bone metastasis from breast carcinoma in vitro cultured

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (s1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deyanira Contartese ◽  
Francesca Salamanna ◽  
Veronica Borsari ◽  
Stefania Pagani ◽  
Maria Sartori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Metastasis ◽  
Breast Carcinoma ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Ex Vivo Model ◽  
Fresh Tissue ◽  
Vertebral Bone ◽  
Set Up

Breast cancer frequently metastasizes to the skeleton causing significant morbidity. Here, we set-up a novel and advanced ex vivo model by using fresh tissue from human vertebral bone metastasis from breast carcinoma patients able to retain the tumor microenvironment and tumor cells heterogeneity.

Human vertebral bone microstructure from infancy to senescence

Bone ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. S56
Author(s):  
J.S. Thomsen⁎ ◽  
A. Brüel ◽  
E.M. Hauge
Keyword(s):  
Bone Microstructure ◽  
Vertebral Bone

scholarly journals Heterogeneity of bone microstructure in the femoral head in patients with osteoporosis: An ex vivo HR-pQCT study

Bone ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ko Chiba ◽  
Andrew J. Burghardt ◽  
Makoto Osaki ◽  
Sharmila Majumdar
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Head ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Bone Microstructure

Normal trabecular vertebral bone is formed via rapid transformation of mineralized spicules: A high-resolution 3D ex-vivo murine study

2019 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
pp. 429-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Zenzes ◽  
Emely L. Bortel ◽  
Peter Fratzl ◽  
Stefan Mundlos ◽  
Michael Schuetz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Vertebral Bone ◽  
Rapid Transformation

scholarly journals Dietary Advanced Glycation End Products Have Sex- and Age-Dependent Effects on Vertebral Bone Microstructure and Mechanical Function in Mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svenja Illien-Jünger ◽  
Paolo Palacio-Mancheno ◽  
William F Kindschuh ◽  
Xue Chen ◽  
Grazyna E Sroga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Advanced Glycation End Products ◽  
Bone Microstructure ◽  
Mechanical Function ◽  
Advanced Glycation ◽  
Vertebral Bone ◽  
Glycation End Products ◽  
End Products ◽  
Age Dependent

Correlation of γ-radioactivity and Scanning Electron Microscopy in measurement of retention of 111Indium-labeled canine endothelial cells on synthetic vascular grafts

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 886-887
Author(s):  
E.J. Prendiville ◽  
S. Laliberté Verdon ◽  
K. E. Gould ◽  
K. Ramberg ◽  
R. J. Connolly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Vascular Grafts ◽  
Retention Data ◽  
Vascular Prostheses ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Human Fibronectin ◽  
Insufficient Time ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2

Endothelial cell (EC) seeding is postulated as a mechanism of improving patency in small caliber vascular grafts. However the majority of seeded EC are lost within 24 hours of restoration of blood flow in previous canine studies . We postulate that the cells have insufficient time to fully develop their attachment to the graft surface prior to exposure to hemodynamic stress. We allowed EC to incubate on fibronectin-coated ePTFE grafts for four different time periods after seeding and measured EC retention after perfusion in a canine ex vivo shunt circuit.Autologous canine EC, were enzymatically harvested, grown to confluence, and labeled with 30 μCi 111 Indium-oxine/80 cm 2 flask. Four groups of 5 cm x 4 mm ID ePTFE vascular prostheses were coated with 1.5 μg/cm.2 human fibronectin, and seeded with 1.5 x 105 EC/ cm.2. After seeding grafts in Group 1 were incubated in complete growth medium for 90 minutes, Group 2 were incubated for 24 hours, Group 3 for 72 hours and Group 4 for 6 days. Grafts were then placed in the canine ex vivo circuit, constructed between femoral artery and vein, and subjected to blood flow of 75 ml per minute for 6 hours. Continuous counting of γ-activity was made possible by placing the seeded graft inside the γ-counter detection crystal for the duration of perfusion. EC retention data after 30 minutes, 2 hours and 6 hours of flow are shown in the table.

Elevated level of circulatory sTLT1 induces inflammation through SYK/MEK/ERK signalling in coronary artery disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 133 (22) ◽  
pp. 2283-2299
Author(s):  
Apabrita Ayan Das ◽  
Devasmita Chakravarty ◽  
Debmalya Bhunia ◽  
Surajit Ghosh ◽  
Prakash C. Mandal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Artery Disease

Abstract The role of inflammation in all phases of atherosclerotic process is well established and soluble TREM-like transcript 1 (sTLT1) is reported to be associated with chronic inflammation. Yet, no information is available about the involvement of sTLT1 in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Present study was undertaken to determine the pathophysiological significance of sTLT1 in atherosclerosis by employing an observational study on human subjects (n=117) followed by experiments in human macrophages and atherosclerotic apolipoprotein E (apoE)−/− mice. Plasma level of sTLT1 was found to be significantly (P<0.05) higher in clinical (2342 ± 184 pg/ml) and subclinical cases (1773 ± 118 pg/ml) than healthy controls (461 ± 57 pg/ml). Moreover, statistical analyses further indicated that sTLT1 was not only associated with common risk factors for Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) in both clinical and subclinical groups but also strongly correlated with disease severity. Ex vivo studies on macrophages showed that sTLT1 interacts with Fcɣ receptor I (FcɣRI) to activate spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK)-mediated downstream MAP kinase signalling cascade to activate nuclear factor-κ B (NF-kB). Activation of NF-kB induces secretion of tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) from macrophage cells that plays pivotal role in governing the persistence of chronic inflammation. Atherosclerotic apoE−/− mice also showed high levels of sTLT1 and TNF-α in nearly occluded aortic stage indicating the contribution of sTLT1 in inflammation. Our results clearly demonstrate that sTLT1 is clinically related to the risk factors of CAD. We also showed that binding of sTLT1 with macrophage membrane receptor, FcɣR1 initiates inflammatory signals in macrophages suggesting its critical role in thrombus development and atherosclerosis.

The Shikani HME: A New Tracheostomy Heat and Moisture Exchanger

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (9) ◽  
pp. 2921-2929
Author(s):  
Alan H. Shikani ◽  
Elamin M. Elamin ◽  
Andrew C. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Moisture Loss ◽  
Speaking Valve ◽  
Time Zero ◽  
In Series ◽  
Turbulent Airflow ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Loss Efficiency ◽  
Heat And Moisture ◽  
Lung Simulation

Purpose Tracheostomy patients face many adversities including loss of phonation and essential airway functions including air filtering, warming, and humidification. Heat and moisture exchangers (HMEs) facilitate humidification and filtering of inspired air. The Shikani HME (S-HME) is a novel turbulent airflow HME that may be used in-line with the Shikani Speaking Valve (SSV), allowing for uniquely preserved phonation during humidification. The aims of this study were to (a) compare the airflow resistance ( R airflow ) and humidification efficiency of the S-HME and the Mallinckrodt Tracheolife II tracheostomy HME (M-HME) when dry (time zero) and wet (after 24 hr) and (b) determine if in-line application of the S-HME with a tracheostomy speaking valve significantly increases R airflow over a tracheostomy speaking valve alone (whether SSV or Passy Muir Valve [PMV]). Method A prospective observational ex vivo study was conducted using a pneumotachometer lung simulation unit to measure airflow ( Q ) amplitude and R airflow , as indicated by a pressure drop ( P Drop ) across the device (S-HME, M-HME, SSV + S-HME, and PMV). Additionally, P Drop was studied for the S-HME and M-HME when dry at time zero (T 0 ) and after 24 hr of moisture testing (T 24 ) at Q of 0.5, 1, and 1.5 L/s. Results R airflow was significantly less for the S-HME than M-HME (T 0 and T 24 ). R airflow of the SSV + S-HME in series did not significant increase R airflow over the SSV or PMV alone. Moisture loss efficiency trended toward greater efficiency for the S-HME; however, the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusions The turbulent flow S-HME provides heat and moisture exchange with similar or greater efficacy than the widely used laminar airflow M-HME, but with significantly lower resistance. The S-HME also allows the innovative advantage of in-line use with the SSV, hence allowing concurrent humidification and phonation during application, without having to manipulate either device.

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