Daily nitroglycerin increases bone formation, bone mass, bone structure, and indices of bone strength: A two-year randomized trial

Bone ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. S87 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.A. Jamal ◽  
C.J. Hamilton ◽  
R. Eastell ◽  
S.R. Cummings
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Randomized Trial ◽  
Bone Strength ◽  
Bone Structure

scholarly journals Sclerostin Antibody Treatment Increases Bone Formation, Bone Mass, and Bone Strength in a Rat Model of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis*

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 578-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaodong Li ◽  
Michael S Ominsky ◽  
Kelly S Warmington ◽  
Sean Morony ◽  
Jianhua Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Postmenopausal Osteoporosis ◽  
Bone Strength ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Antibody Treatment ◽  
Sclerostin Antibody

scholarly journals Porcupine inhibitors impair trabecular and cortical bone mass and strength in mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 238 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Funck-Brentano ◽  
Karin H Nilsson ◽  
Robert Brommage ◽  
Petra Henning ◽  
Ulf H Lerner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Bone Strength ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Bone Homeostasis ◽  
Mineral Density

WNT signaling is involved in the tumorigenesis of various cancers and regulates bone homeostasis. Palmitoleoylation of WNTs by Porcupine is required for WNT activity. Porcupine inhibitors are under development for cancer therapy. As the possible side effects of Porcupine inhibitors on bone health are unknown, we determined their effects on bone mass and strength. Twelve-week-old C57BL/6N female mice were treated by the Porcupine inhibitors LGK974 (low dose = 3 mg/kg/day; high dose = 6 mg/kg/day) or Wnt-C59 (10 mg/kg/day) or vehicle for 3 weeks. Bone parameters were assessed by serum biomarkers, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, µCT and histomorphometry. Bone strength was measured by the 3-point bending test. The Porcupine inhibitors were well tolerated demonstrated by normal body weight. Both doses of LGK974 and Wnt-C59 reduced total body bone mineral density compared with vehicle treatment (P < 0.001). Cortical thickness of the femur shaft (P < 0.001) and trabecular bone volume fraction in the vertebral body (P < 0.001) were reduced by treatment with LGK974 or Wnt-C59. Porcupine inhibition reduced bone strength in the tibia (P < 0.05). The cortical bone loss was the result of impaired periosteal bone formation and increased endocortical bone resorption and the trabecular bone loss was caused by reduced trabecular bone formation and increased bone resorption. Porcupine inhibitors exert deleterious effects on bone mass and strength caused by a combination of reduced bone formation and increased bone resorption. We suggest that cancer targeted therapies using Porcupine inhibitors may increase the risk of fractures.

scholarly journals Inhibition of sclerostin by monoclonal antibody increases bone formation, bone mass, and bone strength in aged male rats

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 2647-2656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaodong Li ◽  
Kelly S Warmington ◽  
Qing-Tian Niu ◽  
Franklin J Asuncion ◽  
Mauricio Barrero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Bone Strength ◽  
Male Rats

Time course of disassociation of bone formation signals with bone mass and bone strength in sclerostin antibody treated ovariectomized rats

Bone ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 97 ◽  
pp. 20-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanfei L Ma ◽  
Matthew Hamang ◽  
Jonathan Lucchesi ◽  
Nicoletta Bivi ◽  
Qianqiang Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Bone Strength ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Sclerostin Antibody

scholarly journals Probiotics (Bifidobacterium longum) Increase Bone Mass Density and UpregulateSparcandBmp-2Genes in Rats with Bone Loss Resulting from Ovariectomy

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kolsoom Parvaneh ◽  
Mahdi Ebrahimi ◽  
Mohd Redzwan Sabran ◽  
Golgis Karimi ◽  
Angela Ng Min Hwei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Bone Structure ◽  
Mass Density ◽  
Bifidobacterium Longum ◽  
Bone Mass Density ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Ovx Rats

Probiotics are live microorganisms that exert beneficial effects on the host, when administered in adequate amounts. Mostly, probiotics affect the gastrointestinal (GI) tract of the host and alter the composition of gut microbiota. Nowadays, the incidence of hip fractures due to osteoporosis is increasing worldwide. Ovariectomized (OVX) rats have fragile bone due to estrogen deficiency and mimic the menopausal conditions in women. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effects ofBifidobacterium longum(B. longum) on bone mass density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC), bone remodeling, bone structure, and gene expression in OVX rats. The rats were randomly assigned into 3 groups (sham, OVX, and the OVX group supplemented with 1 mL ofB. longum108–109colony forming units (CFU)/mL).B. longumwas given once daily for 16 weeks, starting from 2 weeks after the surgery. TheB. longumsupplementation increased (p<0.05) serum osteocalcin (OC) and osteoblasts, bone formation parameters, and decreased serum C-terminal telopeptide (CTX) and osteoclasts, bone resorption parameters. It also altered the microstructure of the femur. Consequently, it increased BMD by increasing (p<0.05) the expression ofSparcandBmp-2genes.B. longumalleviated bone loss in OVX rats and enhanced BMD by decreasing bone resorption and increasing bone formation.

scholarly journals Association of Antibiotic Alterations in Gut Microbiota With Decreased Osseointegration of an Intramedullary Nail in Mice With and Without Osteomyelitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingqi Zhao ◽  
Zhaohui Zhang ◽  
Yiran Wang ◽  
Kai Qian ◽  
Hanjun Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Intramedullary Nail ◽  
Bone Structure ◽  
Tartrate Resistant Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Marrow Cavity

Treatment of osteomyelitis requires prolonged antibiotic therapy which significantly alters the gut microbiota. While the influences on bone mass and microstructure have been extensively studied, it is poorly understood what impact the changes in gut microbiota may have on the host response to osseointegration around an intramedullary nail implanted. Here, we explored the influence of gut microbiota on the bone osseointegration process around an implant under two conditions: implantation of an intramedullary nail in the bone marrow cavity and chronic osteomyelitis (CO) induced by Staphylococcus aureus infection. Body weight, hepatorenal functions, serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines were monitored. The composition of gut microbiota was assessed via 16S rRNA sequencing, and the bone condition was analyzed via micro-computed tomography, hematoxylin and eosin staining, Safranin O-fast green and Goldner’s trichrome staining. Osteoblastogenesis and osteoclastogenesis were assessed by detecting tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase and osterix expression. We found that perturbation of gut microbiota (increase in Proteobacteria and decrease in Bacteroidetes) associated with delayed osseointegration and increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines in the serum (p&lt;0.05), lower bone mass (p&lt;0.05), deficient endochondral ossification and bone formation, reduced osteoblastogenesis (p&lt;0.05) and enhanced osteoclastogenesis (p&lt;0.001). Survival rates (p=0.002) and bacterial loads (p=0.0363) in bone differed significantly between the CO and antibiotic-treated CO mice, but cytokines levels, bone mineral density, and bone formation did not differ, likely because of the severely damaged bone structure. In summary, antibiotic treatment perturbed the gut microbiota and significantly interfered with the bone osseointegration around the nail by increasing proinflammatory cytokine levels in circulation, inhibiting osteoblastogenesis, enhancing osteoclastogenesis, and thus leading to higher pathogen colonization as well as higher mortality postinfection. This report of ours is the first to demonstrate antibiotic-induced alterations in the gut microbiota affect bone osseointegration, helping us understand the role of gut microbiota disorders in osteoblastogenesis and osteoclastogenesis following implant insertion with or without infection.

scholarly journals Sclerostin Antibody Treatment Increases Bone Formation, Bone Mass and Bone Strength of Intact Bones in Adult Male Rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pui Kit Suen ◽  
Tracy Y. Zhu ◽  
Dick Ho Kiu Chow ◽  
Le Huang ◽  
Li-Zhen Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Bone Strength ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Antibody Treatment ◽  
Sclerostin Antibody
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