scholarly journals Low dose parathyroid hormone maintains normal bone formation in adult male rats during rapid weight loss

Bone ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 726-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell T. Turner ◽  
Urszula T. Iwaniec
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Rapid Weight Loss ◽  
Normal Bone

Phenytoin and fluoride act in concert to stimulate bone formation and to increase bone volume in adult male rats

1995 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 390-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Ohta ◽  
J. E. Wergedal ◽  
T. Matsuyama ◽  
D. J. Baylink ◽  
K. -H. Wiliam Lau
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Bone Volume ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Stimulate Bone Formation

scholarly journals Low-dose nicotine self-administration is reduced in adult male rats naïve to high doses of nicotine: Implications for nicotine product standards.

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 453-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy T. Smith ◽  
Rachel L. Schassburger ◽  
Deanne M. Buffalari ◽  
Alan F. Sved ◽  
Eric C. Donny
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Self Administration ◽  
Product Standards ◽  
High Doses

scholarly journals Low-Dose Effects of Ammonium Perchlorate on the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Thyroid Axis of Adult Male Rats Pretreated with PCB126

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 308-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva D. McLanahan ◽  
Jerry L. Campbell ◽  
Duncan C. Ferguson ◽  
Barry Harmon ◽  
Joan M. Hedge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Perchlorate ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Dose Effects ◽  
Pituitary Thyroid Axis ◽  
Thyroid Axis ◽  
Low Dose Effects

scholarly journals Fourth-ventricle leptin infusions dose-dependently activate hypothalamic signal transducer and activator of transcription 3

2016 ◽  
Vol 311 (6) ◽  
pp. E939-E948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth B. S. Harris ◽  
Bhavna N. Desai
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Fourth Ventricle ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Rapid Weight Loss ◽  
Leptin Signaling ◽  
Leptin Receptors ◽  
Arcuate Nuclei

Previous studies have shown that very low-dose infusions of leptin into the third or the fourth ventricle alone have little effect on energy balance, but simultaneous low-dose infusions cause rapid weight loss and increased phosphorylation of STAT3 (p-STAT3) in hypothalamic sites that express leptin receptors. Other studies show that injecting high doses of leptin into the fourth ventricle inhibits food intake and weight gain. Therefore, we tested whether fourth-ventricle leptin infusions that cause weight loss are associated with increased leptin signaling in the hypothalamus. In a dose response study 14-day infusions of increasing doses of leptin showed significant hypophagia, weight loss, and increased hypothalamic p-STAT3 in rats receiving at least 0.9 μg leptin/day. In a second study 0.6 μg leptin/day transiently inhibited food intake and reduced carcass fat, but had no significant effect on energy expenditure. In a final study, we identified the localization of STAT3 activation in the hypothalamus of rats receiving 0, 0.3, or 1.2 μg leptin/day. The high dose of leptin, which caused weight loss in the first experiment, increased p-STAT3 in the ventromedial, dorsomedial, and arcuate nuclei of the hypothalamus. The low dose that increased brown fat UCP1 but did not affect body composition in the first experiment had little effect on hypothalamic p-STAT3. We propose that hindbrain leptin increases the precision of control of energy balance by lowering the threshold for leptin signaling in the forebrain. Further studies are needed to directly test this hypothesis.

The renal effects of a single and low dose of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in adult male rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 229 ◽  
pp. S190
Author(s):  
Carlos Enrique Escarcega-Gonzalez ◽  
Maria Luisa Rodriguez-Vazquez ◽  
Fernando Jaramillo-Juarez ◽  
Eduardo De La Cerda-Gonzalez ◽  
Haydee Martinez Ruvalcaba
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Renal Effects

Low dose 4-MBC effect on neuroendocrine regulation of reproductive axis in adult male rats

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria E. Carou ◽  
Osvaldo J. Ponzo ◽  
Romina P. Cardozo Gutierrez ◽  
Berta Szwarcfarb ◽  
Maria L. Deguiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Neuroendocrine Regulation ◽  
Reproductive Axis

The Ginkgo biloba extract (GbE) protects the kidney from damage produced by a single and low dose of carbon tetrachloride in adult male rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 69 (7) ◽  
pp. 430-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.M. Chávez-Morales ◽  
F. Jaramillo-Juárez ◽  
M.L. Rodríguez-Vázquez ◽  
M.C. Martínez-Saldaña ◽  
F.A. Posadas del Río ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba Extract ◽  
Male Rats

scholarly journals Low-dose leptin infusion in the fourth ventricle of rats enhances the response to third-ventricle leptin injection

2017 ◽  
Vol 313 (2) ◽  
pp. E134-E147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth B. S. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Fourth Ventricle ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Respiratory Exchange Ratio ◽  
Third Ventricle ◽  
Separate Experiment ◽  
Rapid Weight Loss ◽  
Leptin Receptors ◽  
The Third

We previously reported that low-dose leptin infusions into the third or fourth ventricle that do not affect energy balance when given independently cause rapid weight loss when given simultaneously. Therefore, we tested whether hindbrain leptin enhances the response to forebrain leptin or whether forebrain leptin enhances the response to hindbrain leptin. Rats received fourth-ventricle infusions of saline or 0.01, 0.1, 0.3, or 0.6 μg leptin/day for 13 days. On days 9 and 13, 0.1 μg leptin was injected into the third ventricle. The injection inhibited food intake for 36 h in saline-infused rats but for 60 h in those infused with 0.6 μg leptin/day. Leptin injection increased intrascapular brown fat temperature in leptin-infused, but not saline-infused, rats. In a separate experiment, rats received third-ventricle infusions of saline or 0.005, 0.01, 0.05, or 0.1 μg leptin/day and fourth-ventricle injections of 1.0 μg leptin on days 9 and 13. Leptin injection inhibited food intake, respiratory exchange ratio, and 14-h food intake in rats infused with saline or the two lowest doses of leptin. There was no effect with higher-dose leptin infusions because food intake, body fat, and lean mass were already inhibited. These data suggest that activation of leptin receptors in the hindbrain enhances the response to third-ventricle leptin, whereas activation of forebrain leptin receptors does not enhance the response to fourth-ventricle leptin, consistent with our previous finding that weight loss in rats treated with fourth-ventricle leptin is associated with indirect activation of hypothalamic STAT3.

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