scholarly journals Hydrothermal base catalysed treatment of Kraft Lignin for the preparation of a sustainable carbon fibre precursor

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 251-260
Author(s):  
Malte Otromke ◽  
Peter S. Shuttleworth ◽  
Jörg Sauer ◽  
Robin J. White
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fibre ◽  
Kraft Lignin ◽  
Fibre Precursor

scholarly journals Understanding the thermal and dielectric response of organosolv and modified kraft lignin as a carbon fibre precursor

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (19) ◽  
pp. 4461-4472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Culebras ◽  
Maria J. Sanchis ◽  
Anne Beaucamp ◽  
Marta Carsí ◽  
Baljinder K. Kandola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fibre ◽  
Thermal Behaviour ◽  
Dielectric Response ◽  
Kraft Lignin ◽  
Fibre Precursor

Understanding the thermal behaviour of lignin is crucial in order to realise its valorisation as an engineering polymer.

Pyrolysis of brominated polyethylene as an alternative carbon fibre precursor

2020 ◽  
Vol 172 ◽  
pp. 109057 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bronwyn Laycock ◽  
Xiaoyu Wang ◽  
Ru-Fen Liu ◽  
Pratheep Kumar Annamalai ◽  
Jorja Cork ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fibre ◽  
Fibre Precursor

Improved yield of carbon fibres from cellulose and kraft lignin

Holzforschung ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (12) ◽  
pp. 1007-1016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Bengtsson ◽  
Jenny Bengtsson ◽  
Carina Olsson ◽  
Maria Sedin ◽  
Kerstin Jedvert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fibre ◽  
Kraft Pulp ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Kraft Lignin ◽  
Efficient Processing ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Excellent Property ◽  
Softwood Kraft Lignin ◽  
The Impact

AbstractTo meet the demand for carbon-fibre-reinforced composites in lightweight applications, cost-efficient processing and new raw materials are sought for. Cellulose and kraft lignin are each interesting renewables for this purpose due to their high availability. The molecular order of cellulose is an excellent property, as is the high carbon content of lignin. By co-processing cellulose and lignin, the advantages of these macromolecules are synergistic for producing carbon fibre (CF) of commercial grade in high yields. CFs were prepared from precursor fibres (PFs) made from 70:30 blends of softwood kraft lignin (SW-KL) and cellulose by dry-jet wet spinning with the ionic liquid (IL) 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([EMIm][OAc]) as a solvent. In focus was the impact of the molecular mass of lignin and the type of cellulose source on the CF yield and properties, while membrane-filtrated kraft lignin and cellulose from dissolving kraft pulp and fully bleached paper-grade SW-KP (kraft pulp) served as sources. Under the investigated conditions, the yield increased from around 22% for CF from neat cellulose to about 40% in the presence of lignin, irrespective of the type of SW-KL. The yield increment was also higher relative to the theoretical one for CF made from blends (69%) compared to those made from neat celluloses (48–51%). No difference in the mechanical properties of the produced CF was observed.

Modification of isotropic carbon fibre precursor with PVC using tetraline as a solvent

1991 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Mochida ◽  
Y. Korai ◽  
M. Nakamura ◽  
S. In ◽  
B. Rhee
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fibre ◽  
Fibre Precursor ◽  
Isotropic Carbon

Oxidative stabilisation of kraft lignin for carbon fibre production

Holzforschung ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ida Brodin ◽  
Marie Ernstsson ◽  
Göran Gellerstedt ◽  
Elisabeth Sjöholm
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fibre ◽  
Heating Rate ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Major Change ◽  
Fibre Production ◽  
Kraft Lignin ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Carbon Fibre Production ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
Full Factorial Experimental Design

Abstract With the aim of investigating kraft lignin as a raw material for carbon fibre production, different lignins have been stabilised in air at conditions varied according to a full factorial experimental design. The lignins under examination were purified kraft lignin powders originating from birch, spruce/pine and Eucalyptus globules, as well as lignin fibres originating from birch with 5% poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) added as a plasticiser. The influence of temperature, time and heating rate on yield and glass-transition temperature (Tg) was investigated. The highest yield was achieved after stabilisation at 280°C during 2 h with a heating rate of 0.2°C min-1. The Tg of all lignin powders was increased when stabilisation occurred under harsher conditions. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis (XPS) of both the outer surface and the cleaved cross-section of individual lignin/PEO fibres showed a clear gradient in the degree of chemical modification, with the major change occurring on the surface resulting in the appearance of a skin-core structure after stabilisation. The behaviour of the lignin fibres during stabilisation is similar to that of pitch-based fibres, indicating good possibilities for lignin as raw material for carbon fibre production.

A novel method to obtain a petroleum-derived mesophase pitch suitable as carbon fibre precursor

Carbon ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 445-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Mora ◽  
C Blanco ◽  
R Santamarı́a ◽  
M Granda ◽  
R Menéndez
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fibre ◽  
Mesophase Pitch ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Fibre Precursor
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