In vitro study on the individual and synergistic cytotoxicity of adriamycin and selenium nanoparticles against Bel7402 cells with a quartz crystal microbalance

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 2268-2272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Tan ◽  
Xue’en Jia ◽  
Xiangfu Jiang ◽  
Youyu Zhang ◽  
Hao Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quartz Crystal Microbalance ◽  
Quartz Crystal ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Selenium Nanoparticles ◽  
Synergistic Cytotoxicity ◽  
The Individual

scholarly journals Optimizing high-flow nasal cannula flow settings in adult hypoxemic patients based on peak inspiratory flow during tidal breathing

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Li ◽  
J. Brady Scott ◽  
James B. Fink ◽  
Brooke Reed ◽  
Oriol Roca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Inspiratory Flow ◽  
High Flow ◽  
Nasal Cannula ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Patient Comfort ◽  
High Flow Nasal Cannula ◽  
Optimal Flow ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Background Optimal flow settings during high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy are unknown. We investigated the optimal flow settings during HFNC therapy based on breathing pattern and tidal inspiratory flows in patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF). Methods We conducted a prospective clinical study in adult hypoxemic patients treated by HFNC with a fraction of inspired oxygen (FIO2) ≥ 0.4. Patient’s peak tidal inspiratory flow (PTIF) was measured and HFNC flows were set to match individual PTIF and then increased by 10 L/min every 5–10 min up to 60 L/min. FIO2 was titrated to maintain pulse oximetry (SpO2) of 90–97%. SpO2/FIO2, respiratory rate (RR), ROX index [(SpO2/FIO2)/RR], and patient comfort were recorded after 5–10 min on each setting. We also conducted an in vitro study to explore the relationship between the HFNC flows and the tracheal FIO2, peak inspiratory and expiratory pressures. Results Forty-nine patients aged 58.0 (SD 14.1) years were enrolled. At enrollment, HFNC flow was set at 45 (38, 50) L/min, with an FIO2 at 0.62 (0.16) to obtain an SpO2/FIO2 of 160 (40). Mean PTIF was 34 (9) L/min. An increase in HFNC flows up to two times of the individual patient’s PTIF, incrementally improved oxygenation but the ROX index plateaued with HFNC flows of 1.34–1.67 times the individual PTIF. In the in vitro study, when the HFNC flow was set higher than PTIF, tracheal peak inspiratory and expiratory pressures increased as HFNC flow increased but the FIO2 did not change. Conclusion Mean PTIF values in most patients with AHRF were between 30 and 40 L/min. We observed improvement in oxygenation with HFNC flows set above patient PTIF. Thus, a pragmatic approach to set optimal flows in patients with AHRF would be to initiate HFNC flow at 40 L/min and titrate the flow based on improvement in ROX index and patient tolerance. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03738345). Registered on November 13th, 2018. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03738345?term=NCT03738345&draw=2&rank=1

scholarly journals Comparison of Working Length Determination using Apex Locator, Conventional Radiography and Radiovisiography: An in vitro Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 550-553
Author(s):  
KM Nanda Kishor
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Conventional Radiography ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Actual Working ◽  
Working Length ◽  
Length Determination ◽  
The Individual

ABSTRACT Aim The purpose of this study was to compare the working length determination done using three methods, namely, apex locator (Foramatron D-10, Parkell), radiovisiography (Planmeca) and conventional radiography (Prostyle intra, Planmeca). Materials and methods In this experiment, to determine the working length, 35 single-rooted teeth were selected and each tooth was subjected to all the three methods of the working length determination. This was compared with the actual working length measured utilizing ground sections of the individual teeth. Results The results revealed that all the three methods located the apex nearly as accurately as the actual root canal length obtained by histological ground sectioning, and among three methods apex locator being the closest to the actual root canal length. Conclusion The study concludes that all the three techniques are equally effective in determining working length. How to cite this article Nanda Kishor KM. Comparison of Working Length Determination using Apex Locator, Conventional Radiography and Radiovisiography: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(4):550-553.

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