A novel wireless glucose sensor employing direct electron transfer principle based enzyme fuel cell

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 2250-2255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noriko Kakehi ◽  
Tomohiko Yamazaki ◽  
Wakako Tsugawa ◽  
Koji Sode
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Glucose Sensor ◽  
Direct Electron Transfer ◽  
Transfer Principle

In Vitro Evaluation of Miniaturized Amperometric Enzyme Sensor Based on the Direct Electron Transfer Principle for Continuous Glucose Monitoring

2022 ◽  
pp. 193229682110706
Author(s):  
Yutaro Inoue ◽  
Yasuhide Kusaka ◽  
Kotaro Shinozaki ◽  
Inyoung Lee ◽  
Koji Sode
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Continuous Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Glucose Sensor ◽  
Direct Electron Transfer ◽  
Glucose Dehydrogenase ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Reference Electrode ◽  
Enzyme Sensor

Background: The bacterial derived flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)-dependent glucose dehydrogenase (FADGDH) is the most promising enzyme for the third-generation principle-based enzyme sensor for continuous glucose monitoring (CGM). Due to the ability of the enzyme to transfer electrons directly to the electrode, recognized as direct electron transfer (DET)-type FADGDH, although no investigation has been reported about DET-type FADGDH employed on a miniaturized integrated electrode. Methods: The miniaturized integrated electrode was formed by sputtering gold (Au) onto a flexible film with 0.1 mm in thickness and divided into 3 parts. After an insulation layer was laminated, 3 openings for a working electrode, a counter electrode and a reference electrode were formed by dry etching. A reagent mix containing 1.2 × 10−4 Unit of DET-type FADGDH and carbon particles was deposited. The long-term stability of sensor was evaluated by continuous operation, and its performance was also evaluated in the presence of acetaminophen and the change in oxygen partial pressure (pO2) level. Results: The amperometric response of the sensor showed a linear response to glucose concentration up to 500 mg/dL without significant change of the response over an 11-day continuous measurement. Moreover, the effect of acetaminophen and pO2 on the response were negligible. Conclusions: These results indicate the superb potential of the DET-type FADGDH-based sensor with the combination of a miniaturized integrated electrode. Thus, the described miniaturized DET-type glucose sensor for CGM will be a promising tool for effective glycemic control. This will be further investigated using an in vivo study.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in the Direct Electron Transfer-Enabled Enzymatic Fuel Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sooyoun Yu ◽  
Nosang V. Myung
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Active Site ◽  
Electrode Surface ◽  
Oxidation Reaction ◽  
Direct Electron Transfer ◽  
Implantable Devices ◽  
Protein Matrix ◽  
Enzyme Active Site ◽  
Enzymatic Fuel Cell

Direct electron transfer (DET), which requires no mediator to shuttle electrons from enzyme active site to the electrode surface, minimizes complexity caused by the mediator and can further enable miniaturization for biocompatible and implantable devices. However, because the redox cofactors are typically deeply embedded in the protein matrix of the enzymes, electrons generated from oxidation reaction cannot easily transfer to the electrode surface. In this review, methods to improve the DET rate for enhancement of enzymatic fuel cell performances are summarized, with a focus on the more recent works (past 10 years). Finally, progress on the application of DET-enabled EFC to some biomedical and implantable devices are reported.

scholarly journals Engineered Glucose Oxidase Capable of Quasi-Direct Electron Transfer after a Quick-and-Easy Modification with a Mediator

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 1137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nanami Suzuki ◽  
Jinhee Lee ◽  
Noya Loew ◽  
Yuka Takahashi-Inose ◽  
Junko Okuda-Shimazaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Glucose Oxidase ◽  
Glucose Sensor ◽  
Direct Electron Transfer ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Redox Mediator ◽  
Electrochemically Active ◽  
Phenazine Ethosulfate ◽  
The Impact

Glucose oxidase (GOx) has been widely utilized for monitoring glycemic levels due to its availability, high activity, and specificity toward glucose. Among the three generations of electrochemical glucose sensor principles, direct electron transfer (DET)-based third-generation sensors are considered the ideal principle since the measurements can be carried out in the absence of a free redox mediator in the solution without the impact of oxygen and at a low enough potential for amperometric measurement to avoid the effect of electrochemically active interferences. However, natural GOx is not capable of DET. Therefore, a simple and rapid strategy to create DET-capable GOx is desired. In this study, we designed engineered GOx, which was made readily available for single-step modification with a redox mediator (phenazine ethosulfate, PES) on its surface via a lysine residue rationally introduced into the enzyme. Thus, PES-modified engineered GOx showed a quasi-DET response upon the addition of glucose. This strategy and the obtained results will contribute to the further development of quasi-DET GOx-based glucose monitoring dedicated to precise and accurate glycemic control for diabetic patient care.

scholarly journals A one-compartment fructose/air biological fuel cell based on direct electron transfer

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 326-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuee Wu ◽  
Feng Zhao ◽  
John R. Varcoe ◽  
Alfred E. Thumser ◽  
Claudio Avignone-Rossa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Direct Electron Transfer ◽  
Biological Fuel Cell
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