Structural changes of lignocelluloses by a nonionic surfactant, Tween 20, and their effects on cellulase adsorption and saccharification

2011 ◽  
Vol 102 (20) ◽  
pp. 9605-9612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-June Seo ◽  
Hirotaka Fujita ◽  
Akiyoshi Sakoda
Keyword(s):  
Nonionic Surfactant ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
Cellulase Adsorption

EFFECTS OF NONIONIC SURFACTANTS ON TOBACCO ROOTS

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 1281-1287 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. D. H. Macdowall
Keyword(s):  
Nonionic Surfactant ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Growth Stimulation ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
Growth Modes ◽  
Mitochondrial Fractions ◽  
Isolated Roots ◽  
Tobacco Roots ◽  
Whole Plants ◽  
Triton X

The nonionic surfactant Tween 20, when present in culture media at 0.001%, occasionally stimulated growth and (or) nicotine synthesis of isolated roots of N. rustica and whole plants of N. tabacum. It was also found to stimulate root respiration and the succinoxidase activity of root mitochondrial fractions. Its effects were compared with those of its metabolically active ingredients oleate and laurate and with those of an assumed metabolically inert surfactant Triton X-100. Tween 20 showed both types of effects, the toxicity and respiratory stimulation being characteristic of oleate–laurate, and the growth stimulation being also produced by Triton X-100. No oleate deficiency in the tissues was evident, since neither oleate nor biotin stimulated growth. Modes of action are briefly discussed and the use of 0.001% nonionic surfactant in culture media is recommended.

Impact of bagasse lignin-carbohydrate complexes structural changes on cellulase adsorption behavior

2020 ◽  
Vol 162 ◽  
pp. 236-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingtong Zhang ◽  
Guangcong Wan ◽  
Mingfu Li ◽  
Hongrui Jiang ◽  
Shuangfei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Adsorption Behavior ◽  
Cellulase Adsorption

Thalidomide-Like Malformations Caused by a Tween Surfactant in Mice

1981 ◽  
Vol 36 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 904-906 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ursula Kocher-Becker ◽  
Walter Kocher ◽  
Heinrich Ockenfels
Keyword(s):  
Nonionic Surfactant ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
Swiss Mice ◽  
Embryonic Death

Abstract The nonionic surfactant Tween 20 was applied intra-peritoneally to NMRI and Swiss mice on day 9 of gestation. It caused embryonic death and malformations of the verte­ brae, ribs and, in lower frequency, of the limbs.

scholarly journals A conductometric investigation of hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose/sodium dodecyl sulfate/nonionic surfactant systems

2014 ◽  
Vol 79 (11) ◽  
pp. 1421-1432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidija Petrovic ◽  
Verica Sovilj ◽  
Jadranka Milanovic ◽  
Jaroslav Katona
Keyword(s):  
Nonionic Surfactant ◽  
Mixed Micelles ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Sodium Dodecylsulfate ◽  
Conductometric Titration ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
Ionic Surfactant ◽  
Surfactant Mixtures ◽  
Hydroxypropylmethyl Cellulose

Surfactant mixtures are very often used in various cosmetic and pharmaceutical products because they commonly act in synergism and provide more favorable properties than the single surfactants. At the same time, the 9 presence of polymers in mixtures of surfactants may lead to molecular interactions thereby affecting product stability and activity. For these reasons it is very important to determine the surfactant interactions influence on 1micellization and mixed micellization, as well as polymer-surfactants mixed micelles interactions. In this work we examined self-aggregation of nonionic surfactants, polysorbate 20 (Tween 20), polyoxyethylene octylphenyl ether (Triton X100) and polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block copolymer (Pluronic F68) with ionic surfactant, sodium dodecylsulfate, in aqueous solution at 40?C using conductometric titration method. It was found that concentration region for mixed micelle formation depends on nonionic surfactant characteristics and its concentration. Formation of surfactants mixed micelles in the presence of nonionic polymer, hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose, and their binding to polymer hydrophobic sites, were investigated too. Analysis of obtained results points to different kinds of interactions in investigated systems, which are crucial for their application.

Self-Assembly of Nonionic Surfactant Tween 20@2β-CD Inclusion Complexes in Dilute Solution

Langmuir ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (43) ◽  
pp. 13175-13182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengcheng Zhou ◽  
Xinhao Cheng ◽  
Qiang Zhao ◽  
Yun Yan ◽  
Jide Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nonionic Surfactant ◽  
Inclusion Complexes ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
Dilute Solution

Fine Structural Changes in the Microvasculature of the Mouse Pinna: Aging and Radiation Injury

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 54-55
Author(s):  
S. Phyllis Steamer ◽  
Rosemarie L. Devine
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Radiation Treatment ◽  
Arterial Stenosis ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Vascular Effects ◽  
Microvascular Changes ◽  
Surrounding Connective Tissue ◽  
Fission Neutrons ◽  
Total Body

The importance of radiation damage to the skin and its vasculature was recognized by the early radiologists. In more recent studies, vascular effects were shown to involve the endothelium as well as the surrounding connective tissue. Microvascular changes in the mouse pinna were studied in vivo and recorded photographically over a period of 12-18 months. Radiation treatment at 110 days of age was total body exposure to either 240 rad fission neutrons or 855 rad 60Co gamma rays. After in vivo observations in control and irradiated mice, animals were sacrificed for examination of changes in vascular fine structure. Vessels were selected from regions of specific interest that had been identified on photomicrographs. Prominent ultrastructural changes can be attributed to aging as well as to radiation treatment. Of principal concern were determinations of ultrastructural changes associated with venous dilatations, segmental arterial stenosis and tortuosities of both veins and arteries, effects that had been identified on the basis of light microscopic observations. Tortuosities and irregularly dilated vein segments were related to both aging and radiation changes but arterial stenosis was observed only in irradiated animals.

Evaluation of single-electron movies of glutamine synthetase molecules

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 280-281
Author(s):  
W. Kunath ◽  
E. Zeitler ◽  
M. Kessel
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Glutamine Synthetase ◽  
Electron Irradiation ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Single Electron ◽  
Continuous Series ◽  
Digital Recording ◽  
Recording Device ◽  
Low Exposure

The features of digital recording of a continuous series (movie) of singleelectron TV frames are reported. The technique is used to investigate structural changes in negatively stained glutamine synthetase molecules (GS) during electron irradiation and, as an ultimate goal, to look for the molecules' “undamaged” structure, say, after a 1 e/Å2 dose.The TV frame of fig. la shows an image of 5 glutamine synthetase molecules exposed to 1/150 e/Å2. Every single electron is recorded as a unit signal in a 256 ×256 field. The extremely low exposure of a single TV frame as dictated by the single-electron recording device including the electron microscope requires accumulation of 150 TV frames into one frame (fig. lb) thus achieving a reasonable compromise between the conflicting aspects of exposure time per frame of 3 sec. vs. object drift of less than 1 Å, and exposure per frame of 1 e/Å2 vs. rate of structural damage.

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