Warring brothers: The complex interactions between wolves (Canis lupus) and dogs (Canis familiaris) in a conservation context

2014 ◽  
Vol 171 ◽  
pp. 232-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Lescureux ◽  
John D.C. Linnell
Keyword(s):  
Canis Lupus ◽  
Canis Familiaris ◽  
Complex Interactions

Potential impact of aerial baiting for wild dogs on a population of spotted-tailed quolls (Dasyurus maculatus)

2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Murray ◽  
Robert N. Poore
Keyword(s):  
Rhodamine B ◽  
Canis Lupus ◽  
Canis Familiaris ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Poison Baiting ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Wild Dogs

The spotted-tailed quoll (Dasyurus maculatus) is a threatened marsupial that inhabits forests in eastern Australia. In many of these forests the species is sympatric with populations of wild dogs (Canis lupus dingo, Canis familiaris and hybrids of the two), which are subject to poison-baiting programs. Many of these programs involve dropping meat baits injected with 6 mg of 1080 from helicopters. To date, the effect of this method on populations of spotted-tailed quolls has not been quantified. We carried out a simulated aerial baiting program using meat baits injected with a non-toxic baitmarker, Rhodamine B, which is laid down in the vibrissae of mammals ingesting baits. Of the 16 spotted-tailed quolls subsequently captured, 10 had Rhodamine B in their vibrissae. The potential impact that this level of bait uptake might have on a population of quolls is discussed.

The Wayward Dog: Is the Australian native dog or Dingo a distinct species?

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4317 (2) ◽  
pp. 201 ◽  
Author(s):  
STEPHEN M. JACKSON ◽  
COLIN P. GROVES ◽  
PETER J.S. FLEMING ◽  
KEN P. APLIN ◽  
MARK D.B. ELDRIDGE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Canis Lupus ◽  
Canis Familiaris ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Biological Data ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Recent Proposal ◽  
Initial Description ◽  
Free Ranging ◽  
Scientific Name

The taxonomic identity and status of the Australian Dingo has been unsettled and controversial since its initial description in 1792. Since that time it has been referred to by various names including Canis dingo, Canis lupus dingo, Canis familiaris and Canis familiaris dingo. Of these names C. l. dingo and C. f. dingo have been most often used, but it has recently been proposed that the Australian Dingo should be once again recognized as a full species—Canis dingo. There is an urgent need to address the instability of the names referring to the Dingo because of the consequences for management and policy. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the morphological, genetic, ecological and biological data to determine the taxonomic relationships of the Dingo with the aim of confirming the correct scientific name. The recent proposal for Canis dingo as the most appropriate name is not sustainable under zoological nomenclature protocols nor based on the genetic and morphological evidence. Instead we proffer the name C. familiaris for all free-ranging dogs, regardless of breed and location throughout the world, including the Australian Dingo. The suggested nomenclature also provides a framework for managing free-ranging dogs including Dingoes, under Australian legislation and policy. The broad principles of nomenclature we discuss here apply to all free-roaming dogs that coexist with their hybrids, including the New Guinea Singing Dog. 

scholarly journals Hand-reared wolves show similar, or stronger, attachment toward human caregivers compared to hand-reared dogs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Hansen Wheat ◽  
Linn Larsson ◽  
Hans Temrin
Keyword(s):  
Canis Lupus ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Canis Familiaris ◽  
Social Bond ◽  
Strange Situation ◽  
Strange Situation Test ◽  
Emotional Dependency ◽  
The Stranger ◽  
Attachment Behaviour ◽  
Over Time

AbstractDomesticated animals are generally assumed to display increased sociability towards humans compared to their wild ancestors. Dogs (Canis familiaris) have the ability to form lasting attachment, a social bond based on emotional dependency, with humans and it has specifically been suggested that this ability evolved post-domestication in dogs. Subsequently, it is expected that dogs but not wolves (Canis lupus), can develop attachment bonds to humans. However, while it has been shown that 16-weeks-old wolves do not discriminate in their expression of attachment behaviour toward a human caregiver and a stranger when compared to similar aged dogs, wolves at the age of eight weeks do. This highlights the potential for wolves to form attachment to humans, but simultaneously raises the question if this attachment weakens over time in wolves compared to dogs. Here we used the Strange Situation Test (SST) to investigate attachment behaviour expressed in hand-reared wolves and dogs toward a human caregiver at the age of 23 weeks. Both wolves and dogs expressed attachment toward a human caregiver. Surprisingly, wolves, but not dogs, discriminated between the caregiver and a stranger by exploring the room more in the presence of the caregiver compared to the stranger and greeting the caregiver more than the stranger. Our results thereby suggest that wolves can show attachment toward humans comparable to that of dogs at later developmental stages. Importantly, our results indicate that the ability to form attachment with humans did not occur post-domestication of dogs.

scholarly journals Comparing the tractability of young hand-raised wolves (Canis lupus) and dogs (Canis familiaris)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorottya Júlia Ujfalussy ◽  
Zsófia Virányi ◽  
Márta Gácsi ◽  
Tamás Faragó ◽  
Ákos Pogány ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Canis Lupus ◽  
Canis Familiaris ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Fundamental Difference ◽  
Rearing Conditions ◽  
Context Dependent ◽  
Behavioural Tests ◽  
Differential Speed

Abstract Dogs live in 45% of households, integrated into various human groups in various societies. This is certainly not true for wolves. We suggest that dogs’ increased tractability (meant as individual dogs being easier to control, handle and direct by humans, in contrast to trainability defined as performance increase due to training) makes a crucial contribution to this fundamental difference. In this study, we assessed the development of tractability in hand-raised wolves and similarly raised dogs. We combined a variety of behavioural tests: fetching, calling, obeying a sit signal, hair brushing and walking in a muzzle. Wolf (N = 16) and dog (N = 11) pups were tested repeatedly, between the ages of 3–24 weeks. In addition to hand-raised wolves and dogs, we also tested mother-raised family dogs (N = 12) for fetching and calling. Our results show that despite intensive socialization, wolves remained less tractable than dogs, especially in contexts involving access to a resource. Dogs’ tractability appeared to be less context dependent, as they followed human initiation of action in more contexts than wolves. We found no evidence that different rearing conditions (i.e. intensive socialization vs. mother rearing) would affect tractability in dogs. This suggests that during domestication dogs might have been selected for increased tractability, although based on the current data we cannot exclude that the differential speed of development of dogs and wolves or the earlier relocation of wolves to live as a group explains some of the differences we found.

Comprehension of human pointing gestures in young human-reared wolves (Canis lupus) and dogs (Canis familiaris)

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zsófia Virányi ◽  
Márta Gácsi ◽  
Enikő Kubinyi ◽  
József Topál ◽  
Beatrix Belényi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Canis Lupus ◽  
Canis Familiaris ◽  
Pointing Gestures ◽  
Human Pointing

scholarly journals Intrinsically ball retrieving wolf puppies reveal standing ancestral variation for human-directed play behaviour

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Hansen Wheat ◽  
Hans Temrin
Keyword(s):  
Canis Lupus ◽  
Canis Familiaris ◽  
Phenotypic Change ◽  
Novel Mutations ◽  
Selective Pressures ◽  
Standing Variation ◽  
Important Target ◽  
Specific Skill ◽  
Social Communicative ◽  
Dog Domestication

AbstractDomestication dramatically alters phenotypes. Standing variation among ancestral populations often drives phenotypic change during domestication, but some changes are caused by novel mutations. Dogs (Canis familiaris) engage in interspecific play with humans and it has specifically been suggested that the ability to interpret social-communicative behaviour expressed by humans is a novel dog-specific skill. Thus, wolves (Canis lupus) are not expected to engage in interspecific play with a human based on social-communicative cues. Here we report the observation of three eight week-old wolf puppies spontaneously responding to social-communicative behaviours from a stranger by retrieving a ball. This unexpected and novel observation has significant implications for our understanding and expectations of the genetic foundations of dog behaviour. Importantly, our observations indicate that behavioural responses to human social-communicative cues are not unique to dogs. This suggests that, while probably rare, standing variation in the expression of human-directed behaviour in ancestral populations could have been an important target for early selective pressures exerted during dog domestication.

Humans and mammals in the Upper Palaeolithic of Russia

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mietje Germonpré ◽  
Mikhail Sablin
Keyword(s):  
Canis Lupus ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Canis Familiaris ◽  
Russian Plain ◽  
Upper Palaeolithic ◽  
Mammuthus Primigenius

This chapter focuses on the mammoth (Mammuthus primigenius) and large canid (wolf (Canis lupus) and/or dog (Canis familiaris)) assemblages recorded at Upper Palaeolithic sites from the Russian Plain and Siberia. It accordingly pursues the following questions: (1) Is the mammoth ubiquitously found in the Upper Palaeolithic sites of Russia?, (2) Are large canids as often present at Siberian sites as they are at sites from the Russian Plain? and (3) Could the high frequency of the mammoth remains in several Upper Palaeolithic assemblages be due to hunting by prehistoric humans? Finally, this essay underlines the need for further studies in this area.

Dogs (Canis familiaris) and wolves (Canis lupus) coordinate with conspecifics in a social dilemma.

2020 ◽  
Vol 134 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-221
Author(s):  
Juliane Bräuer ◽  
Katharina Stenglein ◽  
Federica Amici
Keyword(s):  
Canis Lupus ◽  
Canis Familiaris ◽  
Social Dilemma
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