Group Intervention for Adolescent Anxiety and Depression: Outcomes of a Randomized Trial with Adolescents in Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 601-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom L. Osborn ◽  
Akash R. Wasil ◽  
Katherine E. Venturo-Conerly ◽  
Jessica L. Schleider ◽  
John R. Weisz
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Trial ◽  
Group Intervention ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Adolescent Anxiety

Exploring the course of adolescent anxiety and depression: associations with white matter tract microstructure

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eline F. Roelofs ◽  
Janna Marie Bas-Hoogendam ◽  
Steven J. A. van der Werff ◽  
Saskia D. Valstar ◽  
Nic J. A. van der Wee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
White Matter Tract ◽  
Adolescent Anxiety

Developmental changes in genetic and environmental influences on Chinese child and adolescent anxiety and depression

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 1829-1838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Zheng ◽  
F. Rijsdijk ◽  
J.-B. Pingault ◽  
R. J. McMahon ◽  
J. B. Unger
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Environmental Influences ◽  
Child And Adolescent ◽  
Developmental Changes ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Late Childhood ◽  
Adolescent Anxiety

BackgroundTwin and family studies using Western samples have established that child and adolescent anxiety and depression are under substantial genetic, modest shared environmental, and substantial non-shared environmental influences. Generalizability of these findings to non-Western societies remains largely unknown, particularly regarding the changes of genetic and environmental influences with age. The current study examined changes in genetic and environmental influences on self-reported anxiety and depression from late childhood to mid-adolescence among a Chinese twin sample. Sex differences were also examined.MethodSelf-reported anxiety and depression were collected from 712 10- to 12-year-old Chinese twins (mean = 10.88 years, 49% males) and again 3 years later. Quantitative genetic modeling was used to examine developmental changes in genetic and environmental influences on anxiety and depression, and sex differences.ResultsHeritability of anxiety and depression in late childhood (23 and 20%) decreased to negligible in mid-adolescence, while shared environmental influences increased (20 and 27% to 57 and 60%). Shared environmental factors explained most of the continuity of anxiety and depression (75 and 77%). Non-shared environmental factors were largely time-specific. No sex differences were observed.ConclusionsShared environmental influences might be more pronounced during the transition period of adolescence in non-Western societies such as China. Future research should examine similarities and differences in the genetic and environmental etiologies of child and adolescent internalizing and other psychopathology in development between Western and non-Western societies.

scholarly journals Emotion-based brain mechanisms and predictors for SSRI and CBT treatment of anxiety and depression: a randomized trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 1639-1648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie M. Gorka ◽  
Christina B. Young ◽  
Heide Klumpp ◽  
Amy E. Kennedy ◽  
Jennifer Francis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Trial ◽  
Anxiety And Depression

scholarly journals Positive and Negative Emotion Regulation in Adolescence: Links to Anxiety and Depression

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Young ◽  
Christina Sandman ◽  
Michelle Craske
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Emotion Dysregulation ◽  
Emotional Reactivity ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Adolescent Anxiety

Emotion regulation skills develop substantially across adolescence, a period characterized by emotional challenges and developing regulatory neural circuitry. Adolescence is also a risk period for the new onset of anxiety and depressive disorders, psychopathologies which have long been associated with disruptions in regulation of positive and negative emotions. This paper reviews the current understanding of the role of disrupted emotion regulation in adolescent anxiety and depression, describing findings from self-report, behavioral, peripheral psychophysiological, and neural measures. Self-report studies robustly identified associations between emotion dysregulation and adolescent anxiety and depression. Findings from behavioral and psychophysiological studies are mixed, with some suggestion of specific impairments in reappraisal in anxiety. Results from neuroimaging studies broadly implicate altered functioning of amygdala-prefrontal cortical circuitries, although again, findings are mixed regarding specific patterns of altered neural functioning. Future work may benefit from focusing on designs that contrast effects of specific regulatory strategies, and isolate changes in emotional regulation from emotional reactivity. Approaches to improve treatments based on empirical evidence of disrupted emotion regulation in adolescents are also discussed. Future intervention studies might consider training and measurement of specific strategies in adolescents to better understand the role of emotion regulation as a treatment mechanism.

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