scholarly journals Suboptimal choice in rats: Incentive salience attribution promotes maladaptive decision-making

2017 ◽  
Vol 320 ◽  
pp. 244-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan J. Chow ◽  
Aaron P. Smith ◽  
A. George Wilson ◽  
Thomas R. Zentall ◽  
Joshua S. Beckmann
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Incentive Salience ◽  
Suboptimal Choice

scholarly journals Understanding the Role of Incentive Salience in Sexual Decision-Making

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 712-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen S Lynch ◽  
Michael J Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Mate Choice ◽  
Incentive Salience ◽  
Partner Preference ◽  
Male Courtship ◽  
Sexual Decision Making ◽  
Reward Seeking ◽  
Sexual Encounters ◽  
Courtship Signals ◽  
Preference Tests

Synopsis In the search for understanding female sexual decision-making, progress has been made in uncovering a variety of perceptual biases and most of these concern the animal’s sensory biology and cognitive processes. We are now poised to dig deeper into the female’s decision-making and ask if incentive salience, which plays a role in all types of appetitive behaviors, also influences a female’s “taste for the beautiful.” The incentive salience hypothesis suggests that dopamine assigns value or salience to objects or actions. After value is assigned to all potential actions, an action selection system then chooses among potential options to select the most valuable action. In this view, dopamine stimulates reward-seeking behavior by assigning incentive salience to specific behavioral actions, which in turn, increases pursuit and focus on objects or stimuli that represent the valuable action. Here, we apply this framework to understand why females are compelled to respond maximally to some male courtship signals over others and how this process may reveal a female’s hidden mate preferences. We examine studies of dopamine and the mesolimbic reward system because these may play a role in expanding the female’s perceptual landscape for novelty in male courtship signals and establishing novel hidden preferences. We review three avenues of research that may identify signatures of incentive salience in females during sexual decision-making. This review includes studies of dopamine agonist or antagonist administration in females during mate choice or partner preference tests, measures of neural activity in dopaminergic neural circuits during mate choice or partner preference tests, and social regulation of dopamine in females when entering reproductive contexts and/or exposure to mate signals. By applying the incentive salience hypothesis to female reproductive decision-making, it redefines how we see the female’s role in sexual encounters. Females cannot be considered passive during reproductive encounters; rather they are seeking sexual encounters, particularly with males that tap into their perceptual biases and initiate a reward-seeking response. Incentive salience applied to reproductive behavior requires considering females as viewing sexual stimuli as rewarding and initiating action to seek out this reward, all of which indicates females are driving sexual encounters.

Incentive salience attribution is not the sole determinant of suboptimal choice in rats: Conditioned inhibition matters

2017 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 99-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Montserrat Martínez ◽  
Rodrigo Alba ◽  
William Rodríguez ◽  
Vladimir Orduña
Keyword(s):  
Conditioned Inhibition ◽  
Incentive Salience ◽  
Suboptimal Choice

scholarly journals Decision making by humans in a behavioral task: Do humans, like pigeons, show suboptimal choice?

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikael Molet ◽  
Holly C. Miller ◽  
Jennifer R. Laude ◽  
Chelsea Kirk ◽  
Brandon Manning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Behavioral Task ◽  
Suboptimal Choice

Discarding optimality: Throwing out the baby with the bathwater?

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Simen ◽  
Fuat Balcı
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Perceptual Decision Making ◽  
Reward Rate ◽  
Perceptual Decision ◽  
Standard Observer ◽  
Rate Maximization ◽  
Reward Rate Maximization ◽  
Descriptive Standard ◽  
Observer Model

AbstractRahnev & Denison (R&D) argue against normative theories and in favor of a more descriptive “standard observer model” of perceptual decision making. We agree with the authors in many respects, but we argue that optimality (specifically, reward-rate maximization) has proved demonstrably useful as a hypothesis, contrary to the authors’ claims.

LPCD framework: Analytical tool or psychological model?

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Danks
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Analytical Tool ◽  
Mathematical Framework ◽  
Bayesian Decision ◽  
Perceptual Decision Making ◽  
Psychological Model ◽  
Psychological Reality ◽  
Psychological Theories ◽  
Target Article ◽  
Bayesian Decision Making

AbstractThe target article uses a mathematical framework derived from Bayesian decision making to demonstrate suboptimal decision making but then attributes psychological reality to the framework components. Rahnev & Denison's (R&D) positive proposal thus risks ignoring plausible psychological theories that could implement complex perceptual decision making. We must be careful not to slide from success with an analytical tool to the reality of the tool components.

Elaborating the role of reflection and individual differences in the study of folk-economic beliefs

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Arceneaux
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
History Of ◽  
Economic Beliefs

AbstractIntuitions guide decision-making, and looking to the evolutionary history of humans illuminates why some behavioral responses are more intuitive than others. Yet a place remains for cognitive processes to second-guess intuitive responses – that is, to be reflective – and individual differences abound in automatic, intuitive processing as well.

The primacy of conscious decision making – ERRATUM

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (01) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
David R. Shanks ◽  
Ben R. Newell
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Conscious Decision
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