Time-dependent effects of prazosin on the development of methamphetamine conditioned hyperactivity and context-specific sensitization in mice

Changes in patterns of neural activity underlie a time-dependent transformation of memory in rats and humans

10.1101/303248 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Melanie J. Sekeres ◽

Gordon Winocur ◽

Morris Moscovitch ◽

John A.E. Anderson ◽

Sara Pishdadian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Memory Trace ◽

Brain Regions ◽

Time Dependent ◽

Memory Representation ◽

Systems Consolidation ◽

Different Types ◽

Episodic Memories ◽

Context Specific ◽

Perceptual Detail ◽

Over Time

AbstractThe dynamic process of memory consolidation involves a reorganization of brain regions that support a memory trace over time, but exactly how the network reorganizes as the memory changes remains unclear. We present novel converging evidence from studies of animals (rats) and humans for the time-dependent reorganization and transformation of different types of memory as measured both by behavior and brain activation. We find that context-specific memories in rats, and naturalistic episodic memories in humans, lose precision over time and activity in the hippocampus decreases. If, however, the retrieved memories retain contextual or perceptual detail, the hippocampus is engaged similarly at recent and remote timepoints. As the interval between the timepoint increases, the medial prefrontal cortex is engaged increasingly during memory retrieval, regardless of the context or the amount of retrieved detail. Moreover, these hippocampal-frontal shifts are accompanied by corresponding changes in a network of cortical structures mediating perceptually-detailed as well as less precise, schematic memories. These findings provide cross-species evidence for the crucial interplay between hippocampus and neocortex that reflects changes in memory representation over time and underlies systems consolidation.

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Review for "A nonlinear and time‐dependent visco‐elasto‐plastic rheology model for studying shock‐physics phenomena"

10.1002/eng2.12322/v1/review5 ◽

2020 ◽

Keyword(s):

Time Dependent ◽

Shock Physics ◽

Rheology Model

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Validation of the Procrastination at Work Scale

European Journal of Psychological Assessment ◽

10.1027/1015-5759/a000554 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 36 (5) ◽

pp. 767-776

Author(s):

U. Baran Metin ◽

Toon W. Taris ◽

Maria C. W. Peeters ◽

Max Korpinen ◽

Urška Smrke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Work Engagement ◽

Discriminant Validity ◽

Psychometric Characteristics ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

And Performance ◽

Context Specific ◽

Negative Links ◽

Office Employees

Abstract. Procrastination at work has been examined relatively scarcely, partly due to the lack of a globally validated and context-specific workplace procrastination scale. This study investigates the psychometric characteristics of the Procrastination at Work Scale (PAWS) among 1,028 office employees from seven countries, namely, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Finland, Slovenia, Turkey, Ukraine, and the United Kingdom. Specifically, it was aimed to test the measurement invariance of the PAWS and explore its discriminant validity by examining its relationships with work engagement and performance. Multi-group confirmatory factor analysis shows that the basic factor structure and item loadings of the PAWS are invariant across countries. Furthermore, the two subdimensions of procrastination at work exhibited different patterns of relationships with work engagement and performance. Whereas soldiering was negatively related to work engagement and task performance, cyberslacking was unrelated to engagement and performance. These results indicate further validity evidence for the PAWS and the psychometric characteristics show invariance across various countries/languages. Moreover, workplace procrastination, especially soldiering, is a problematic behavior that shows negative links with work engagement and performance.

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Ambulatory Assessment

European Psychologist ◽

10.1027/1016-9040.14.2.109 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 109-119 ◽

Cited By ~ 66

Author(s):

Ulrich W. Ebner-Priemer ◽

Timothy J. Trull

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Clinical Psychology ◽

Real Life ◽

Ambulatory Assessment ◽

Computer Assisted ◽

Affective Valence ◽

Time Data ◽

Physiological Processes ◽

Context Specific ◽

Questionnaire Studies

Convergent experimental data, autobiographical studies, and investigations on daily life have all demonstrated that gathering information retrospectively is a highly dubious methodology. Retrospection is subject to multiple systematic distortions (i.e., affective valence effect, mood congruent memory effect, duration neglect; peak end rule) as it is based on (often biased) storage and recollection of memories of the original experience or the behavior that are of interest. The method of choice to circumvent these biases is the use of electronic diaries to collect self-reported symptoms, behaviors, or physiological processes in real time. Different terms have been used for this kind of methodology: ambulatory assessment, ecological momentary assessment, experience sampling method, and real-time data capture. Even though the terms differ, they have in common the use of computer-assisted methodology to assess self-reported symptoms, behaviors, or physiological processes, while the participant undergoes normal daily activities. In this review we discuss the main features and advantages of ambulatory assessment regarding clinical psychology and psychiatry: (a) the use of realtime assessment to circumvent biased recollection, (b) assessment in real life to enhance generalizability, (c) repeated assessment to investigate within person processes, (d) multimodal assessment, including psychological, physiological and behavioral data, (e) the opportunity to assess and investigate context-specific relationships, and (f) the possibility of giving feedback in real time. Using prototypic examples from the literature of clinical psychology and psychiatry, we demonstrate that ambulatory assessment can answer specific research questions better than laboratory or questionnaire studies.

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