Serotonergic control of ingestive and post-ingestive behaviors in pigeons (Columba livia): The role of 5-HT1A receptor-mediated central mechanisms

2013 ◽  
Vol 236 ◽  
pp. 118-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Ademar Hoeller ◽  
Tiago Souza dos Santos ◽  
Renato Rodrigo Bruxel ◽  
Anderson Roberto Dallazen ◽  
Henrique Tomaz do Amaral Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Columba Livia ◽  
Ingestive Behaviors

Possible cues driving context-specific adaptation of optocollic reflex in pigeons (Columba livia)

2012 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
pp. 704-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henri Gioanni ◽  
Pierre-Paul Vidal
Keyword(s):  
Columba Livia ◽  
Motor Command ◽  
Slow Phase ◽  
Gaze Stabilization ◽  
Specific Adaptation ◽  
Body Vibration ◽  
Fast Phase ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
Context Cues

Context-specific adaptation (Shelhamer M, Clendaniel R. Neurosci Lett 332: 200–204, 2002) explains that reflexive responses can be maintained with different “calibrations” for different situations (contexts). Which context cues are crucial and how they combine to evoke context-specific adaptation is not fully understood. Gaze stabilization in birds is a nice model with which to tackle that question. Previous data showed that when pigeons ( Columba livia) were hung in a harness and subjected to a frontal airstream provoking a flying posture (“flying condition”), the working range of the optokinetic head response [optocollic reflex (OCR)] extended toward higher velocities compared with the “resting condition.” The present study was aimed at identifying which context cues are instrumental in recalibrating the OCR. We investigated that question by using vibrating stimuli delivered during the OCR provoked by rotating the visual surroundings at different velocities. The OCR gain increase and the boost of the fast phase velocity observed during the “flying condition” were mimicked by body vibration. On the other hand, the newly emerged relationship between the fast-phase and slow-phase velocities in the “flying condition” was mimicked by head vibration. Spinal cord lesion at the lumbosacral level decreased the effects of body vibration, whereas lesions of the lumbosacral apparatus had no effect. Our data suggest a major role of muscular proprioception in the context-specific adaptation of the stabilizing behavior, while the vestibular system could contribute to the context-specific adaptation of the orienting behavior. Participation of an efferent copy of the motor command driving the flight cannot be excluded.

scholarly journals The role of mucilage envelope in the endozoochory of selected plant taxa

2020 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kreitschitz ◽  
E. Haase ◽  
S. N. Gorb
Keyword(s):  
Digestive System ◽  
Columba Livia ◽  
Local Scale ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Long Distance Dispersal ◽  
Morphological Adaptation ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Germination Ability ◽  
First Time

AbstractMyxodiaspory (formation of mucilage envelope around seeds and fruits) is a common adaptation to dry habitats known in many families of Angiosperms. The mucilage envelope of some seeds seems to be also a unique morphological adaptation which protects myxospermatic diaspores while passing through the bird’s digestive system. To evaluate the protective potential of mucilage, we fed the diaspores of seven plant species (representing three different mucilage types and three species of non-mucilaginous plants) to pigeons, Columba livia domestica. Twenty-four hours later, we collected the droppings of pigeons and examined a total of 18,900 non-destroyed diaspores to check for mucilage presence and germination ability. Out of all the examined diaspores, 4.5% were mucilaginous seeds. Among them, the highest number (12.2–13.5%) of viable diaspores belonged to the hemicellulosic type of mucilage (from Plantago species). Only 3.7% of germinating diaspores with pectic mucilage (Linum usitatissimum) were collected, and no seeds representing cellulosic mucilage (e.g., Ocimum basilicum). For non-mucilaginous plants, we collected only a few individual seeds (0.1% out of 8100 seeds used). We noted that the mucilaginous seeds found in the droppings were able to germinate; however, the germination ability was generally smaller in comparison to the control (i.e., not digested) seeds. Our results revealed that the presence of mucilage envelope has an impact on diaspore dispersal and survivability. With our experiments, we demonstrated for the first time that the mucilage envelope, especially of the non-cellulosic type, supports endozoochory. We also showed that non-mucilaginous seeds can be occasionally dispersed via endozoochory and are able to germinate. The results of our studies can explain the ways of plants distribution at a small, local scale as well as in long-distance dispersal, e.g., between islands or even continents.

Tonic serotonergic control of ingestive behaviours in the pigeon (Columba livia): The role of the arcopallium

2009 ◽  
Vol 205 (2) ◽  
pp. 396-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciane Coutinho Azevedo Campanella ◽  
Amanda Alcaraz da Silva ◽  
Dayane Stephany Gellert ◽  
Caroline Parreira ◽  
Mayara Caldas Ramos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Columba Livia

Lateral parabrachial lesions attenuate ingestive effects of area postrema lesions

1989 ◽  
Vol 256 (2) ◽  
pp. R306-R312 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. Edwards ◽  
R. C. Ritter
Keyword(s):  
Short Duration ◽  
Area Postrema ◽  
Parabrachial Nucleus ◽  
Solitary Tract ◽  
Palatable Food ◽  
Lateral Parabrachial Nucleus ◽  
Ingestive Behaviors

Lesions of the area postrema and adjacent nucleus of the solitary tract (AP lesions) cause rats to consume increased amounts of palatable food in short duration tests. Because the lateral parabrachial nucleus (lPBN) receives a prominent afferent projection from the AP and adjacent nucleus of the solitary tract, it is possible the lPBN plays a role in the altered ingestive behaviors observed in AP-lesioned rats. The present study examines the role of the lPBN in overingestion of highly palatable foods subsequent to AP lesions. We found that lesions of the lPBN alone did not cause rats to consume increased amounts of palatable food. Rather, when lPBN lesions were produced before AP lesions, increased intake of highly palatable food did not occur. Moreover, when AP-lesioned rats received subsequent lPBN lesions, the previously established overingestion of palatable foods was abolished. These results indicate that the lPBN is necessary in the pathogenesis of AP lesion-induced overingestion of highly palatable foods.

The phoresy of the louse Mallophaga on the population of the louse-fly Hippoboscidae

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 471-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Матюхин ◽  
A. Matyukhin
Keyword(s):  
Columba Livia ◽  
Cuculus Canorus ◽  
Erithacus Rubecula ◽  
Luscinia Svecica ◽  
Corvus Frugilegus ◽  
Pseudolynchia Canariensis

Objective of research: To study the role of phoresy of the louse Mallophaga on the population of the louse-fly Hippoboscidae. Material and methods: In 1997–2015 more than 10000 birds were caught; from them about 2000 louse-flies Hippoboscidae were collected and studied. Results and discussion: 12 cases of phoresy of the louse Mallophaga on the louse-fly Hippoboscidae were recorded: 7 cases of phoresy of Columbicola columbae on pigeon louse flies Pseudolynchia canariensis collected from pigeons (Columba livia); one case — phoresy of the louse Ricinus rubeculae on the louse fly Orniyhomyia fringillina from the robin (Erithacus rubecula); one case — phoresy of the louse on the louse fly O. avicularia from the rook (Corvus frugilegus); one — phoresy of the louse on louse fly O. avicularia from the cuckoo (Cuculus canorus); one — phoresy of the louse on the louse fly Ornithoica turdi from the nightingale (Luscinia luscinia); one case — phoresy of the louse on the louse fly O. chloropus from Luscinia svecica.

Fourth ventricle bombesin injection suppresses ingestive behaviors in rats

1989 ◽  
Vol 256 (3) ◽  
pp. R590-R596 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. W. Flynn
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Fourth Ventricle ◽  
Home Cage ◽  
Saline Injection ◽  
Bottle Test ◽  
Inhibit Food Intake ◽  
Ingestive Behaviors ◽  
Intact Rats

Food intake after fourth intracerebroventricular (icv) injections of bombesin (BBS) was measured in intact rats. BBS injections (greater than or equal to 10 ng) reliably suppressed chow intake in 17-h food-deprived rats. Systemic injections of BBS (50 ng) had no effect on food intake. These data indicate that BBS can act directly on caudal brain stem site(s) to inhibit food intake. The behavioral specificity of fourth icv BBS was evaluated by measuring the effects of fourth icv BBS injection on water intake by 17-h water-deprived rats in the presence and absence of food. Fourth icv injections of BBS in doses greater than 10 ng suppressed 30-min and 2-h water intake relative to saline injection when food was available in the home cage. In contrast, when food was not present during the 2-h intake test, fourth icv injections of BBS had no effect on water intake. This suggests that the inhibition of water intake was secondary to the effects of BBS on food intake. Lastly, sucrose (0.1 M) was paired with fourth icv BBS (50 ng), fourth icv saline, and intraperitoneal LiCl (1.5 meq/kg) in three groups of naive rats, and sucrose preference was subsequently measured. Rats that received injections of either saline or BBS preferred sucrose during the 24-h two-bottle test, and their preference ratios were significantly greater than those of the LiCl-injected rats. The role of afferent signals elicited by fourth ventricle BBS administration in the control of food intake is discussed.

Differential role of melanocortins in mediating leptin's central effects on feeding and reproduction

2000 ◽  
Vol 278 (1) ◽  
pp. R50-R59 ◽  
Author(s):  
John G. Hohmann ◽  
Thomas H. Teal ◽  
Donald K. Clifton ◽  
James Davis ◽  
Victor J. Hruby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Melanocortin Receptor ◽  
Reproductive Axis ◽  
The Status ◽  
Reproductive Endocrine ◽  
Intracerebroventricular Injections ◽  
Ingestive Behaviors ◽  
The Brain

Leptin serves as a humoral link coupling the status of energy reserves to the functional activity of the reproductive system. Leptin is thought to act through melanocortinergic pathways in the brain to regulate ingestive behaviors; however, whether melanocortins mediate leptin's actions on the neuroendocrine-reproductive axis is unknown. We tested this hypothesis first by determining whether the effects of leptin on feeding behavior and reproduction in the ob/ob mouse could be blocked by the melanocortin receptor (MC-R) antagonist SHU9119 and second, by examining the effects of the MC-R agonist MTII on feeding and the endocrine-reproductive system. Administered by intracerebroventricular injections, leptin inhibited food intake, raised plasma gonadotropin levels, and increased seminal vesicle weights compared with controls; SHU9119 (intracerebroventricularly) attenuated leptin's effects on food intake and body weight but did not alter leptin's stimulatory effect on the reproductive axis. MTII (intracerebroventricularly and intraperitoneally) decreased food intake and increased body temperature compared with controls but had no effect on the reproductive-endocrine axis. These results suggest that although leptin acts centrally through melanocortinergic pathways to inhibit ingestive behaviors and stimulate metabolism, leptin's activational effect on the reproductive axis is likely to be mediated by other, unknown neuroendocrine circuits.

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