Synergistic effect of estradiol and fluoxetine in young adult and middle-aged female rats in two models of experimental depression

2012 ◽  
Vol 233 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soledad Récamier-Carballo ◽  
Erika Estrada-Camarena ◽  
Rebeca Reyes ◽  
Alonso Fernández-Guasti
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Middle Aged

scholarly journals Effects of estrogen receptor agonists on regulation of the inflammatory response in astrocytes from young adult and middle-aged female rats

2008 ◽  
Vol 195 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 47-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle K. Lewis ◽  
Adam B. Johnson ◽  
Shannon Stohlgren ◽  
Ashley Harms ◽  
Farida Sohrabji
Keyword(s):  
Estrogen Receptor ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Receptor Agonists

scholarly journals Hypothalamic Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I Receptors Are Necessary for Hormone-Dependent Luteinizing Hormone Surges: Implications for Female Reproductive Aging

Endocrinology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 151 (3) ◽  
pp. 1356-1366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brigitte J. Todd ◽  
Zaher O. Merhi ◽  
Jun Shu ◽  
Anne M. Etgen ◽  
Genevieve S. Neal-Perry
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Third Ventricle ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Aged Rats ◽  
Gnrh Neuron ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Reproductive Senescence ◽  
Lh Surge ◽  
Neuron Activation ◽  
Igf I

Brain IGF-I receptors are required for maintenance of estrous cycles in young adult female rats. Circulating and hypothalamic IGF-I levels decrease with aging, suggesting a role for IGF-I in the onset of reproductive senescence. Therefore, the present study investigated potential mechanisms of action of brain IGF-I receptors in the regulation of LH surges in young adult and middle-aged rats. We continuously infused IGF-I, the selective IGF-I receptor antagonist JB-1, or vehicle into the third ventricle of ovariectomized young adult and middle-aged female rats primed with estradiol and progesterone. Pharmacological blockade of IGF-I receptors attenuated and delayed the LH surge in young adult rats, reminiscent of the LH surge pattern that heralds the onset of reproductive senescence in middle-aged female rats. Infusion of IGF-I alone had no effect on the LH surge but reversed JB-1 attenuation of the surge in young females. In middle-aged rats, infusion of low doses of IGF-I partially restored LH surge amplitude, and infusion of JB-1 completely obliterated the surge. Intraventricular infusion of IGF-I or JB-1 did not modify pituitary sensitivity to exogenous GnRH or GnRH peptide content in the anterior or mediobasal hypothalamus in either young or middle-aged rats. These findings support the hypothesis that brain IGF-I receptor signaling is necessary for GnRH neuron activation under estrogen-positive feedback conditions and that decreased brain IGF-I signaling in middle-aged females contributes, in part, to LH surge dysfunction by disrupting estradiol-sensitive processes that affect GnRH neuron activation and/or GnRH release.

Soybean phytoestrogens reduce 27-hydroxycholesterol concentration in the liver of middle-aged female rats

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Branka Šošić-Jurjević ◽  
Snežana Janković ◽  
Dieter Lutjohann ◽  
Ivana Jarić ◽  
Marko Miler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Female Rats ◽  
Middle Aged

Effect of Fetal and Neonatal Hypothyroidism on Glucose Tolerance in Middle-Aged Female Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sajad Jeddi ◽  
Saeedeh Khalifi ◽  
Mahboubeh Ghanbari ◽  
Asghar Ghasemi
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Female Rat ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Intravenous Glucose ◽  
Neonatal Hypothyroidism ◽  
Glucose Levels

Background and objective: The effects of hypothyroidism during pregnancy and lactation on carbohydrate metabolism have been mostly studied in male animals. The aim of this study is therefore to investigate effect of fetal and neonatal hypothyroidism (FH and NH) on the glucose tolerance in middle-aged female rat offspring. Methods: Pregnant female rats were divided into three groups: Rats in the control group consumed tap water, while those in the FH and NH groups consumed 250 mg/L of 6-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU) in their drinking water during gestation or lactation periods, respectively. After weaning, the female offspring were separated and divided into 3 groups (n=8/group): Control, FH, and NH. Body weight was recorded monthly and intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) was performed at month 12. Results: Compared to controls, female rats in the FH group had significantly higher plasma glucose levels than controls throughout the IVGTT except at min 60. Values at min 5 of the FH and control group were 196.1±1.9 and 155.3±5.9 mg/dL, respectively (P<0.05). In the NH group, plasma glucose levels were significantly higher only at min 5 (185.7±14.1 vs. 155.3±5.9 mg/dL, P<0.05). Conclusion: Hypothyroidism during fetal or neonatal periods caused glucose intolerance in middle-aged female offspring rats.

scholarly journals Differential effects of targeted tongue exercise and treadmill running on aging tongue muscle structure and contractile properties

2013 ◽  
Vol 114 (4) ◽  
pp. 472-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi Kletzien ◽  
John A. Russell ◽  
Glen E. Leverson ◽  
Nadine P. Connor
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Contractile Properties ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Brown Norway ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Tongue Muscle ◽  
Muscle Structure ◽  
Old Rats

Age-associated changes in tongue muscle structure and strength may contribute to dysphagia in elderly people. Tongue exercise is a current treatment option. We hypothesized that targeted tongue exercise and nontargeted exercise that activates tongue muscles as a consequence of increased respiratory drive, such as treadmill running, are associated with different patterns of tongue muscle contraction and genioglossus (GG) muscle biochemistry. Thirty-one young adult, 34 middle-aged, and 37 old Fischer 344/Brown Norway rats received either targeted tongue exercise, treadmill running, or no exercise (5 days/wk for 8 wk). Protrusive tongue muscle contractile properties and myosin heavy chain (MHC) composition in the GG were examined at the end of 8 wk across groups. Significant age effects were found for maximal twitch and tetanic tension (greatest in young adult rats), MHCIIb (highest proportion in young adult rats), MHCIIx (highest proportion in middle-aged and old rats), and MHCI (highest proportion in old rats). The targeted tongue exercise group had the greatest maximal twitch tension and the highest proportion of MHCI. The treadmill running group had the shortest half-decay time, the lowest proportion of MHCIIa, and the highest proportion of MHCIIb. Fatigue was significantly less in the young adult treadmill running group and the old targeted tongue exercise group than in other groups. Thus, tongue muscle structure and contractile properties were affected by both targeted tongue exercise and treadmill running, but in different ways. Studies geared toward optimizing dose and manner of providing targeted and generalized tongue exercise may lead to alternative tongue exercise delivery strategies.

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