scholarly journals Clinical Outcomes of Children Requiring Intensive Care Following Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. S183
Author(s):  
S. Jodele ◽  
R.S. Chima ◽  
J. Butcher ◽  
D. Wheeler ◽  
S.M. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cell ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem

scholarly journals Specific gut microbiome members are associated with distinct immune markers in pediatric allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Microbiome ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Cäcilia Ingham ◽  
Katrine Kielsen ◽  
Malene Skovsted Cilieborg ◽  
Ole Lund ◽  
Susan Holmes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cell ◽  
Immune Reconstitution ◽  
Immune Markers ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem

Abstract Background Increasing evidence reveals the importance of the microbiome in health and disease and inseparable host-microbial dependencies. Host-microbe interactions are highly relevant in patients receiving allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), i.e., a replacement of the cellular components of the patients’ immune system with that of a foreign donor. HSCT is employed as curative immunotherapy for a number of non-malignant and malignant hematologic conditions, including cancers such as acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The procedure can be accompanied by severe side effects such as infections, acute graft-versus-host disease (aGvHD), and death. Here, we performed a longitudinal analysis of immunological markers, immune reconstitution and gut microbiota composition in relation to clinical outcomes in children undergoing HSCT. Such an analysis could reveal biomarkers, e.g., at the time point prior to HSCT, that in the future could be used to predict which patients are of high risk in relation to side effects and clinical outcomes and guide treatment strategies accordingly. Results In two multivariate analyses (sparse partial least squares regression and canonical correspondence analysis), we identified three consistent clusters: (1) high concentrations of the antimicrobial peptide human beta-defensin 2 (hBD2) prior to the transplantation in patients with high abundances of Lactobacillaceae, who later developed moderate or severe aGvHD and exhibited high mortality. (2) Rapid reconstitution of NK and B cells in patients with high abundances of obligate anaerobes such as Ruminococcaceae, who developed no or mild aGvHD and exhibited low mortality. (3) High inflammation, indicated by high levels of C-reactive protein, in patients with high abundances of facultative anaerobic bacteria such as Enterobacteriaceae. Furthermore, we observed that antibiotic treatment influenced the bacterial community state. Conclusions We identify multivariate associations between specific microbial taxa, host immune markers, immune cell reconstitution, and clinical outcomes in relation to HSCT. Our findings encourage further investigations into establishing longitudinal surveillance of the intestinal microbiome and relevant immune markers, such as hBD2, in HSCT patients. Profiling of the microbiome may prove useful as a prognostic tool that could help identify patients at risk of poor immune reconstitution and adverse outcomes, such as aGvHD and death, upon HSCT, providing actionable information in guiding precision medicine.

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