scholarly journals LC-MS display of the total modified amino acids in cataract lens proteins and in lens proteins glycated by ascorbic acid in vitro

2006 ◽  
Vol 1762 (5) ◽  
pp. 533-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rongzhu Cheng ◽  
Qi Feng ◽  
Beryl J. Ortwerth
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Lens Proteins

Evaluation of Bioactive Component, Free Radical Scavenging Potentials and Protein Qualities of Gomphrena celosoides and Zea mays Leaves

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 1108-1115
Author(s):  
Bob-Chile A. Adaeze ◽  
Peter U. Amadi
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Bioactive Components

Background: The assessment of underexploited leaves has become crucial to supplement the rapidly depleting sources of bioactive components as well as provide available nutrient sources for local inhabitants. Methods: This study thus investigated the bioactive components of the oil, and fatty acid composition, free radical scavenging potentials, and protein qualities of leaves of Z. mays and G. celosioides using standard methods. The bioactive components of the oils and fatty acids were determined by Gas Chromatograpy, while the amino acid and in-vitro antioxidant potentials were determined using a Technicon Sequential Multi-Sample (TSM) Amino Acid Analyzer, and spectrophotometer, respectively. Results: The Z. Mays leaves showed the abundance of farnesene, hexadecanoic acids, and caryophellene while G. celosioides produced high level of octadecadienoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, and phytol. Z. mays and G. celosioides contained 72.48% and 60.55% unsaturated fatty acids respectively, with the abundance of linolenic acid for Z. mays and oleic acid for G. celosioides. The result for the in vitro antioxidant % inhibition showed a concentration dependent free radical scavenging potentials of the leaves. Both G. celosioides and Z. mays produced greater 1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging potentials than ascorbic acid, while at 40ppm the nitric oxide and 2,2- azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical % inhibition of Z. mays leaves were lower than those for ascorbic acid. Discussion: The number of essential amino acids in both plants were 48.20 and 39.25 g/100g, total branched chain amino acids (TBCAA) were 21.15 and 16.92 g/100g, predicted protein efficiency ratios (P-PERs) were in the range of 3.02-3.23 and 2.68-2.77, and the essential amino acid index (EAAI) were 1.52 and 1.48, for Z. mays and G. celosioides leaves respectively. Conclusion: From these results, the utilization of Z. mays and G. celosioides for high quality protein, unsaturated fatty acids and potent antioxidant sources, should be massively encouraged.

scholarly journals Sprouts vs. Microgreens as Novel Functional Foods: Variation of Nutritional and Phytochemical Profiles and Their In vitro Bioactive Properties

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (20) ◽  
pp. 4648
Author(s):  
Aneta Wojdyło ◽  
Paulina Nowicka ◽  
Karolina Tkacz ◽  
Igor Piotr Turkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Organic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Reducing Ability ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Butyrylcholinesterase Activity ◽  
Phytochemical Profiles

The aim of the study was to analyze potential health-promoting and nutritional components (polyphenols, L-ascorbic acid, carotenoids, chlorophylls, amino acids, organic acid, sugars, ash and pectins) of selected sprouts (radish, lentil, black medick, broccoli, sunflower, leek, beetroot, mung beans) and microgreens (kale, radish, beetroot, green peas, amaranth). Moreover, antioxidant capacity (2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS), ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC)), in vitro anti-diabetic potential (inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase), and anti-obesity (pancreatic lipase) and anti-cholinergic (acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase) activity were evaluated. The results of this study show that sprouts are effective in antioxidant capacity as a result of a high content of polyphenols and L-ascorbic acid. Additionally, sprouts are better sources of amino acids, pectins and sugars than microgreens. Microgreens were characterized by high content of carotenoids and chlorophylls, and organic acid, without any sugars, exhibiting higher anti-diabetic and anti-cholinergic activity than sprouts. Some selected sprouts (broccoli, radish, lentil) and microgreens (radish, amaranths, kale) should be used daily as superfoods or functional food.

In vitro and in vivo reduction of erythrocyte sorbitol by ascorbic acid

Diabetes ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 1036-1041 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Vinson ◽  
M. E. Staretz ◽  
P. Bose ◽  
H. M. Kassm ◽  
B. S. Basalyga
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid

IMPACT OF SORBITOL- INDUCED OSMOTIC STRESS ON SOME BIOCHEMICAL TRAITS OF POTATO IN VITRO

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 1038-1047
Author(s):  
Mawia & et al.
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Cytoplasmic Membrane ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Membrane Damage ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Culture Collection ◽  
Nutritive Medium ◽  
Starting Point

This study had as principal objective identification of osmotic-tolerant potato genotypes by using "in vitro" tissue culture and sorbitol as a stimulating agent, to induce water stress, which was added to the  culture nutritive medium in different concentration (0,50, 110, 220, 330 and 440 mM).  The starting point was represented by plantlets culture collection, belonging to eleven potato genotypes: Barcelona, Nectar, Alison, Jelly, Malice, Nazca, Toronto, Farida, Fabulla, Colomba and Spunta. Plantlets were multiplied between two internodes to obtain microcuttings (in sterile condition), which were inoculated on medium. Sorbitol-induced osmotic stress caused a significant reduction in the ascorbic acid, while the concentration of proline, H2O2 and solutes leakage increased compared with the control. Increased the proline content prevented lipid peroxidation, which played a pivotal role in the maintenance of membrane integrity under osmotic stress conditions. The extent of the cytoplasmic membrane damage depends on osmotic stress severity and the genotypic variation in the maintenance of membranes stability was highly associated with the ability of producing more amounts of osmoprotectants (proline) and the non-enzymic antioxidant ascorbic acid in response to osmotic stress level. The results showed that the genotypes Jelly, Nectar, Allison, Toronto, and Colomba are classified as highly osmotic stress tolerant genotypes, while the genotypes Nazca and Farida are classified as osmotic stress susceptible ones.

Antimyotoxic Activity of Synthetic Peptides Derived from Bothrops atrox Snake Gamma Phospholipase A2 Inhibitor Selected by Virtual Screening

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (22) ◽  
pp. 1952-1961 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.C. Sobrinho ◽  
A.F. Francisco ◽  
R. Simões-Silva ◽  
A.M. Kayano ◽  
J.J. Alfonso Ruiz Diaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Molecular Docking ◽  
Synthetic Peptides ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Neutralization Assay ◽  
Phospholipase Activity ◽  
Phospholipases A2 ◽  
Catalytically Active ◽  
Bothrops Atrox

Background: Several studies have aimed to identify molecules that inhibit the toxic actions of snake venom phospholipases A2 (PLA2s). Studies carried out with PLA2 inhibitors (PLIs) have been shown to be efficient in this assignment. Objective: This work aimed to analyze the interaction of peptides derived from Bothrops atrox PLIγ (atPLIγ) with a PLA2 and to evaluate the ability of these peptides to reduce phospholipase and myotoxic activities. Methods: Peptides were subjected to molecular docking with a homologous Lys49 PLA2 from B. atrox venom modeled by homology. Phospholipase activity neutralization assay was performed with BthTX-II and different ratios of the peptides. A catalytically active and an inactive PLA2 were purified from the B. atrox venom and used together in the in vitro myotoxic activity neutralization experiments with the peptides. Results: The peptides interacted with amino acids near the PLA2 hydrophobic channel and the loop that would be bound to calcium in Asp49 PLA2. They were able to reduce phospholipase activity and peptides DFCHNV and ATHEE reached the highest reduction levels, being these two peptides the best that also interacted in the in silico experiments. The peptides reduced the myotubes cell damage with a highlight for the DFCHNV peptide, which reduced by about 65%. It has been suggested that myotoxic activity reduction is related to the sites occupied in the PLA2 structure, which could corroborate the results observed in molecular docking. Conclusion: This study should contribute to the investigation of the potential of PLIs to inhibit the toxic effects of PLA2s.

The 1- and 2-Naphthylalanine Analogs of Oxytocin and Vasopressin

1995 ◽  
Vol 60 (12) ◽  
pp. 2170-2177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zdenko Procházka ◽  
Jiřina Slaninová
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Pressor Test

Solid phase technique on p-methylbenzhydrylamine resin was used for the synthesis of four analogs of oxytocin and four analogs of vasopressin with the non-coded amino acids L- or D- and 1- or 2-naphthylalanine and D-homoarginine. [L-1-Nal2]oxytocin, [D-1-Nal2]oxytocin, [L-2-Nal2]oxytocin, [D-2-Nal2]oxytocin, [L-1-Nal2, D-Har8]vasopressin, [D-1-Nal2, D-Har8]vasopressin, [L-2-Nal2, D-Har8]vasopressin and [D-2-Nal2, D-Har8]vasopressin were synthesized. All eight analogs were found to be uterotonic inhibitors in vitro and in vivo. Analogs with 2-naphthylalanine are stronger inhibitors, particularly in the vasopressin series than the analogs with 1-naphthylalanine. Analogs with 1-naphthylalanine have no activity in the pressor test, analogs with 2-naphthylalanine are weak pressor inhibitors.

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