scholarly journals Quantification of active mitochondrial permeability transition pores using GNX-4975 inhibitor titrations provides insights into molecular identity

2016 ◽  
Vol 1857 ◽  
pp. e70
Author(s):  
Andrew P. Richardson ◽  
Andrew P. Halestrap
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Permeability Transition ◽  
Permeability Transition ◽  
Mitochondrial Permeability ◽  
Molecular Identity ◽  
Permeability Transition Pores

scholarly journals Quantification of active mitochondrial permeability transition pores using GNX-4975 inhibitor titrations provides insights into molecular identity

2016 ◽  
Vol 473 (9) ◽  
pp. 1129-1140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew P. Richardson ◽  
Andrew P. Halestrap
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Membrane Proteins ◽  
Mitochondrial Membrane ◽  
Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore ◽  
Mitochondrial Permeability Transition ◽  
Permeability Transition Pore ◽  
Permeability Transition ◽  
Mitochondrial Permeability ◽  
Molecular Identity ◽  
Permeability Transition Pores

The molecular identity of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP), a key player in cell death, remains controversial. Here we use a novel MPTP inhibitor to demonstrate that formation of the pore involves native mitochondrial membrane proteins adopting novel conformations.

scholarly journals Mitochondrial permeability transition pores: The role in heart energy metabolism.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miroslav Ferko ◽  
Natália Andelová
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Myocardial Function ◽  
Mitochondrial Permeability Transition ◽  
Permeability Transition ◽  
Mitochondrial Energy Metabolism ◽  
Mitochondrial Permeability ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Protective Processes ◽  
Permeability Transition Pores

Substantial evidence has revealed that mitochondrial permeability transition pores (mPTPs) are associated with signaling pathway of cardioprotective models and seem to be an end-effector of cardioprotection. Experimental streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus (D) was shown to provide sufficient protection to the myocardium via compensatory mechanisms enabling mitochondria to produce energy under pathological conditions during the acute phase. The hypothesized involvement of mPTPs in these processes prompted us to use liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis to investigate the effects of the acute-phase D condition on the structural and regulatory components of this multienzyme complex and the changes caused by compensation events. We detected ADT1, ATP5H, ATPA, and ATPB as the most abundant mPTP proteins. The between-group differences in protein abundance of the mPTP complex as a whole were significantly upregulated in the D group when compared with the control (C) group (p = 0.0106), but fold changes in individual protein expression levels were not significantly altered except for ATP5H, ATP5J, and KCRS. However, none of them passed the criterion of a 1.5-fold change in differential expression for biologically meaningful change. Visualization of the (dis-)similarity between the C and D groups and pairwise correlations revealed different patterns of protein interactions under the C and D conditions which may be linked to endogenous protective processes, of which beneficial effects on myocardial function were previously confirmed. Our results point to the involvement of mPTP proteins in the endogenous protective processes leading to the preservation of myocardial function under pathological conditions. Proteomic studies with respect to the correlation of mPTP proteins were shown to be one of the most promising options for the advancement of mPTP regulation mechanisms. Subtle changes in mPTP protein expressions, as well as mutual relationships between proteins, may be sufficient to contribute to preserving mitochondrial energy metabolism under the increased energy load represented by experimental D.

scholarly journals Physiological and Pathophysiological Roles of Mitochondrial Na+-Ca2+ Exchanger, NCLX, in Hearts

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1876
Author(s):  
Ayako Takeuchi ◽  
Satoshi Matsuoka
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Mitochondrial Permeability Transition ◽  
Permeability Transition ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Cardiac Mitochondria ◽  
Efflux System ◽  
Biophysical Properties ◽  
Mitochondrial Permeability ◽  
Cardiac Functions ◽  
Permeability Transition Pores

It has been over 10 years since SLC24A6/SLC8B1, coding the Na+/Ca2+/Li+ exchanger (NCLX), was identified as the gene responsible for mitochondrial Na+-Ca2+ exchange, a major Ca2+ efflux system in cardiac mitochondria. This molecular identification enabled us to determine structure–function relationships, as well as physiological/pathophysiological contributions, and our understandings have dramatically increased. In this review, we provide an overview of the recent achievements in relation to NCLX, focusing especially on its heart-specific characteristics, biophysical properties, and spatial distribution in cardiomyocytes, as well as in cardiac mitochondria. In addition, we discuss the roles of NCLX in cardiac functions under physiological and pathophysiological conditions—the generation of rhythmicity, the energy metabolism, the production of reactive oxygen species, and the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pores.

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