scholarly journals Mild uncoupling to counteract ROS production: Physiologically relevant or not?

2012 ◽  
Vol 1817 ◽  
pp. S96-S97
Author(s):  
Jan Nedergaard ◽  
Irina G. Shabalina
Keyword(s):  
Ros Production ◽  
Mild Uncoupling

Mitochondrial (‘mild’) uncoupling and ROS production: physiologically relevant or not?

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 1305-1309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina G. Shabalina ◽  
Jan Nedergaard
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Potential ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Electron Flow ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
Present Evidence ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Reverse Electron Flow ◽  
Species Production ◽  
Mild Uncoupling

During the last decade, the possibility that ‘mild’ uncoupling could be protective against oxidative damage by diminishing ROS (reactive oxygen species) production has attracted much interest. In the present paper, we briefly examine the evidence for this possibility. It is only ROS production from succinate under reverse electron-flow conditions that is sensitive to membrane potential fluctuations, and so only this type of ROS production could be affected; however, the conditions under which succinate-supported ROS production is observed include succinate concentrations that are supraphysiological. Any decrease in membrane potential, even ‘mild uncoupling’, must necessarily lead to large increases in respiration, i.e. it must be markedly thermogenic. Mitochondria within cells are normally ATP-producing and thus already have a diminished membrane potential, and treatment of cells, organs or animals with small amounts of artificial uncoupler does not seem to have beneficial effects that are explainable via reduced ROS production. Although it has been suggested that members of the uncoupling protein family (UCP1, UCP2 and UCP3) may mediate a mild uncoupling, present evidence does not unequivocally support such an effect, e.g. the absence of the truly uncoupling protein UCP1 is not associated with increased oxidative damage. Thus present evidence does not support mild uncoupling as a physiologically relevant alleviator of oxidative damage.

scholarly journals Possible Mechanisms of Fullerene C60Antioxidant Action

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Chistyakov ◽  
Yu. O. Smirnova ◽  
E. V. Prazdnova ◽  
A. V. Soldatov
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Density Functional Theory ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Mitochondrial Respiration ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Positive Charge ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Functional Theory ◽  
Mild Uncoupling

Novel mechanism of antioxidant activity of buckminsterfullerene C60based on protons absorbing and mild uncoupling of mitochondrial respiration and phosphorylation was postulated. In the present study we confirm this hypothesis using computer modeling based on Density Functional Theory. Fullerene's geroprotective activity is sufficiently higher than those of the most powerful reactive oxygen species scavengers. We propose here that C60has an ability to acquire positive charge by absorbing inside several protons and this complex could penetrate into mitochondria. Such a process allows for mild uncoupling of respiration and phosphorylation. This, in turn, leads to the decrease in ROS production.

Mitochondrial matrix reactive oxygen species production is very sensitive to mild uncoupling

2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 1300-1301 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Miwa ◽  
M.D. Brand
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Membrane Potential ◽  
Complex I ◽  
Electron Flow ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Inner Membrane ◽  
Reverse Electron Flow ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Mild Uncoupling

Mitochondria produce ROS (reactive oxygen species) as a by-product of aerobic respiration. Several studies in mammals and birds suggest that the most physiologically relevant ROS production is from complex I following reverse electron flow, and is highly sensitive to membrane potential. A study of Drosophila mitochondria respiring glycerol 3-phosphate revealed that membrane potential-sensitive ROS production from complex I following reverse electron flow was on the matrix side of the inner membrane. A 10 mV decrease in membrane potential was enough to abolish around 70% of the ROS produced by complex I under these conditions. Another important ROS generator in this model, glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, produced ROS mostly to the cytosolic side; this ROS production was totally insensitive to a small decrease in membrane potential (10 mV). Thus mild uncoupling may be particularly significant for ROS production from complex I on the matrix side of the mitochondrial inner membrane.

1703-P: Altered UCP1 Expression in ADSC-Derived Beige Adipocytes Determines Mitochondrial ROS Production in T2DM Patients

Diabetes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1703-P
Author(s):  
SVETLANA MICHURINA ◽  
IURII STAFEEV ◽  
IGOR SKLYANIK ◽  
EKATERINA SHESTAKOVA ◽  
ANATOLIY YURASOV ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ros Production ◽  
Mitochondrial Ros ◽  
Beige Adipocytes ◽  
Ucp1 Expression
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