Body composition and its association with cardiometabolic risk factors in the elderly: A focus on sarcopenic obesity

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 270-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji-Youn Chung ◽  
Hee-Taik Kang ◽  
Duk-Chul Lee ◽  
Hye-Ree Lee ◽  
Yong-Jae Lee
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Sarcopenic Obesity

scholarly journals Effects of Nine-Month Lifestyle Intervention on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: Sex Differences in Obese Individuals

Obesities ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
Florent Besnier ◽  
Anil Nigam ◽  
Martin Juneau ◽  
Valérie Guilbeault ◽  
Elise Latour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Baseline Values ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Limited data is available on the sex differences and individual responses of cardiometabolic parameters adjusted with potential confounders (i.e. sex, age, baseline values) after a longer term Mediterranean diet (MedD) and high intensity interval training (HIIT) in obese subjects. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of nine-month MedD counseling and supervised HIIT on cardiometabolic risk factors and individual responses in obese women (n = 99) and obese men (n = 35). Body composition (body mass, fat mass, lean body mass, waist circumference), cardiorespiratory fitness (METs), and cardiometabolic risk factors (blood pressure, blood sample variables) were measured at baseline and after nine months of a program combining MedD and HIIT two to three times a week. When adjusted with sex, age, and baseline values, obese women similarly improved their body composition, METs, and cardiometabolic risk factors vs. obese men. The proportion of responders according to clinical cutoff levels were the same in obese women and men. A longer MedD and HIIT intervention similarly improves body composition, cardiometabolic risk factors, and individual responses in obese women and men, even after adjustment of confounders (sex, age, baseline value).

scholarly journals Effects of Extreme Weight Loss on Cardiometabolic Health in Children With Metabolic Syndrome: A Metabolomic Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingxin Liu ◽  
Lin Zhu ◽  
Jing Liao ◽  
Xiaoguang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of extreme weight loss programs on circulating metabolites and their relationship with cardiometabolic health in children with metabolic syndrome.Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental design with a pretest and post-test. Thirty children with metabolic syndrome and aged 10–17years were recruited to an extreme weight loss program (i.e., exercise combined with diet control). The primary outcomes included plasma metabolites, body composition, and cardiometabolic risk factors. A total of 324 metabolites were quantitatively detected by an ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry system, and the variable importance in the projection (VIP) value of each metabolite was calculated by the orthogonal projection to latent structures discriminant analysis. The fold change (FC) and p value of each metabolite were used to screen differential metabolites with the following values: VIP>1, p value<0.05, and |log2FC|>0.25. Pathway enrichment and correlation analyses between metabolites and cardiometabolic risk factors were also performed.Result: A large effect size was observed, presenting a weight loss of −8.9kg (Cohen’s d=1.00, p<0.001), body mass index reduction of −3.3kg/m2 (Cohen’s d=1.47, p<0.001), and body fat percent reduction of −4.1 (%) (Cohen’s d=1.22, p<0.001) after the intervention. Similar improvements were found in total cholesterol (Cohen’s d=2.65, p<0.001), triglycerides (Cohen’s d=2.59, p<0.001), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (Cohen’s d=2.81, p<0.001), glucose metabolism, and blood pressure. A total of 59 metabolites were changed after the intervention (e.g., aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism; nitrogen metabolism, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis). The changes in metabolites (e.g., amino acids, fatty acids, organic acids, and carnitine) were related to lipid metabolism improvement (p<0.05). Organic acids and carnitines were associated with changes in the body composition (p<0.05).Conclusion: Exercise combined with dietary control improved the body composition and cardiometabolic health in children with metabolic syndrome, and these changes may be related to plasma metabolites.

scholarly journals Effects of Different Resistance Training Frequencies on Body Composition, Cardiometabolic Risk Factors, and Handgrip Strength in Overweight and Obese Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Francesco Campa ◽  
Pasqualino Maietta Latessa ◽  
Gianpiero Greco ◽  
Mario Mauro ◽  
Paolo Mazzuca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Intervention Period ◽  
Training Frequency ◽  
Weekly Frequency

Background: Resistance training improves health in obese and overweight people. However, it is not clear what is the optimal weekly resistance training frequency and the most efficacious training protocol on body composition, cardiometabolic risk factors, and handgrip strength (HS). The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a supervised structured 24 week resistance training program on obese and overweight women. Methods: Forty-five women (BMI 37.1 ± 6.3 kg/m2; age 56.5 ± 0.7 years) were randomly assigned to one of two groups: A group with a high weekly training frequency of three times a week (HIGH) and a group that performed it only once a week (LOW). Cardiometabolic risk factors, anthropometric and HS measures were taken before and after the intervention period. Results: A significant (p < 0.05) group by time interaction was observed for body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, fat mass, plasma glucose, plasma insulin, homeostatic model assessment, and for dominant and absolute HS. Additionally, only the HIGH group saw increased HS and decreased total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol after the intervention period (p < 0.05). The observed increase in HS was associated with an improved insulin resistance sensitivity (absolute handgrip strength: r = −0.40, p = 0.007; relative handgrip strength: r = −0.47, p = 0.001) after training, which constitutes an essential element for cardiovascular health. Conclusions: The results suggest that high weekly frequency training give greater benefits for weight loss and cardiometabolic risk factors improvement than a training program with a training session of once a week. Furthermore, the improvement of HS can be achieved with a high weekly frequency training.

scholarly journals Effects of Moderate Combined Resistance- and Aerobic-Exercise for 12 Weeks on Body Composition, Cardiometabolic Risk Factors, Blood Pressure, Arterial Stiffness, and Physical Functions, among Obese Older Men: A Pilot Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (19) ◽  
pp. 7233
Author(s):  
Wonil Park ◽  
Won-Sang Jung ◽  
Kwangseok Hong ◽  
Yae-Young Kim ◽  
Sung-Woo Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate ◽  
Combined Exercise ◽  
Physical Functions

We demonstrated the hypothesis that combined exercise improves body composition, cardiometabolic risk factors, blood pressure (BP), arterial stiffness, and physical functions, in obese older men. Older men (n = 20) were randomly assigned to combined exercise training (EXP; n = 10) or control groups (CON; n = 10). The combined exercise was comprised of elastic-band resistance training and walking/running on a treadmill and bicycle at 60–70% of maximal heart rate for 3 days/weeks. EXP showed significant decreases in body weight, body mass index, and %body fat (p < 0.05). The exercise program significantly reduced BP, mean arterial pressure, pulse pressure, and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity. Furthermore, while the plasma levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and epinephrine were significantly reduced in EXP, VO2 peak and grip strength were significantly enhanced (p < 0.05). In conclusion, it is indicated that 12-week regular combined exercise improves body composition, cardiometabolic risk factors, hemodynamics, and physical performance in obese older men.

IC-P-121: EFFECTS OF CARDIOMETABOLIC RISK FACTORS ON BRAIN AGING IN THE ELDERLY

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (7S_Part_2) ◽  
pp. P102-P103
Author(s):  
Si Eun Kim ◽  
Sook-Young Woo ◽  
Seon Woo Kim ◽  
Hee Jin Kim ◽  
Seongbeom Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Brain Aging ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors

scholarly journals Influence of Multiple Indices of Body Composition on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (5S) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Lyndsey M. Hornbuckle ◽  
Robert Buresh ◽  
Yuri Feito ◽  
Cassie Williamson ◽  
Brian Kliszczewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors

scholarly journals Sitting Time and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in African American Overweight Women

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca E. Lee ◽  
Scherezade K. Mama ◽  
Ygnacio Lopez III
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
African American ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
African American Women ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Relationship Of

Findings from previous research linking sedentary time with cardiometabolic risk factors and body composition are inconsistent, and few studies address population groups most vulnerable to these compromising conditions. The purpose of this paper was to investigate the relationship of sitting time to cardiometabolic risk factors and body composition among African American women. A subsample of African American women (N=135) completed health and laboratory assessments, including measures of blood pressure, resting heart rate, cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, body mass index, body fat, sitting time, and demographics. Simultaneous, adjusted regression models found a positive association between weekend sitting time and glucose and an inverse association between weekly sedentary time and cholesterol (ps<.05). There were no significant associations between sedentary behavior and body composition. The unexpected relationship between sedentary time and cholesterol suggests that the relationship of sedentary behavior to cardiometabolic risk factors may depend on existing characteristics of the population and measurement definition of sedentary behavior. Results suggest distinctly different relationships between weekend and weekday sitting time, implicating a need for careful measurement and intervention that reflects these differences.

scholarly journals The Association of Body Composition with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Apparently Healthy Young Adult Females

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (5S) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Samantha C. Orr ◽  
Mary A. Elsesser ◽  
Ryan T. Tyler ◽  
Timothy A. Rengers ◽  
Evan Eschker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Healthy Young Adult ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Apparently Healthy
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