Effects of the geometries of micro-scale substrates on the surface morphologies of ZnO nanorod-based hierarchical structures

2015 ◽  
Vol 355 ◽  
pp. 403-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weixuan Jing ◽  
Han Qi ◽  
Jiafan Shi ◽  
Zhuangde Jiang ◽  
Fan Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hierarchical Structures ◽  
Zno Nanorod ◽  
Micro Scale ◽  
Surface Morphologies

scholarly journals Construction of 3D Arrays of Cylindrically Hierarchical Structures with ZnO Nanorods Hydrothermally Synthesized on Optical Fiber Cores

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Weixuan Jing ◽  
Han Qi ◽  
Jiafan Shi ◽  
Zhuangde Jiang ◽  
Fan Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Zno Nanorods ◽  
Hierarchical Structures ◽  
Power Spectrum Density ◽  
Zno Nanorod ◽  
Characteristic Parameters ◽  
Front View ◽  
Spectrum Density ◽  
Surface Morphologies

With ZnO nanorods hydrothermally synthesized on manually assembled arrays of optical fiber cores, 3D arrays of ZnO nanorod-based cylindrically hierarchical structures with nominal pitch 250 μm or 375 μm were constructed. Based on micrographs of scanning electron microscopy and image processing operators of MATLAB software, the 3D arrays of cylindrically hierarchical structures were quantitatively characterized. The values of the actual diameters, the actual pitches, and the parallelism errors suggest that the process capability of the manual assembling is sufficient and the quality of the 3D arrays of cylindrically hierarchical structures is acceptable. The values of the characteristic parameters such as roughness, skewness, kurtosis, correlation length, and power spectrum density show that the surface morphologies of the cylindrically hierarchical structures not only were affected significantly by Zn2+concentration of the growth solution but also were anisotropic due to different curvature radii of the optical fiber core at side and front view.

scholarly journals Spotting plants’ microfilament morphologies and nanostructures

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (27) ◽  
pp. 13188-13193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana P. Almeida ◽  
João Canejo ◽  
Urban Mur ◽  
Simon Čopar ◽  
Pedro L. Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Transport ◽  
Hierarchical Structures ◽  
Plant Leaves ◽  
Tracheary Elements ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Ornithogalum Thyrsoides ◽  
Surface Morphologies ◽  
Diverse Interactions ◽  
Compression Resistance

The tracheary system of plant leaves is composed of a cellulose skeleton with diverse hierarchical structures. It is built of polygonally bent helical microfilaments of cellulose-based nanostructures coated by different layers, which provide them high compression resistance, elasticity, and roughness. Their function includes the transport of water and nutrients from the roots to the leaves. Unveiling details about local interactions of tracheary elements with surrounding material, which varies between plants due to adaptation to different environments, is crucial for understanding ascending fluid transport and for tracheary mechanical strength relevant to potential applications. Here we show that plant tracheary microfilaments, collected from Agapanthus africanus and Ornithogalum thyrsoides leaves, have different surface morphologies, revealed by nematic liquid crystal droplets. This results in diverse interactions among microfilaments and with the environment; the differences translate to diverse mechanical properties of entangled microfilaments and their potential applications. The presented study also introduces routes for accurate characterization of plants’ microfilaments.

Relationships between hierarchical structure and properties in macromolecular systems

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 440-443
Author(s):  
E. Baer
Keyword(s):  
Uniaxial Tension ◽  
Hierarchical Structure ◽  
Inorganic Material ◽  
Hierarchical Structures ◽  
Bone Collagen ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Connective Tissues ◽  
Scale Level ◽  
Fibrous Protein ◽  
Macromolecular Systems

The most advanced macromolecular materials are found in plants and animals, and certainly the connective tissues in mammals are amongst the most advanced macromolecular composites known to mankind. The efficient use of collagen, a fibrous protein, in the design of both soft and hard connective tissues is worthy of comment. Very crudely, in bone collagen serves as a highly efficient binder for the inorganic hydroxyappatite which stiffens the structure. The interactions between the organic fiber of collagen and the inorganic material seem to occur at the nano (scale) level of organization. Epitatic crystallization of the inorganic phase on the fibers has been reported to give a highly anisotropic, stress responsive, structure. Soft connective tissues also have sophisticated oriented hierarchical structures. The collagen fibers are “glued” together by a highly hydrated gel-like proteoglycan matrix. One of the simplest structures of this type is tendon which functions primarily in uniaxial tension as a reinforced elastomeric cable between muscle and bone.

Biomimetic materials: An introduction

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1020-1021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sarikaya ◽  
J. T. Staley ◽  
I. A. Aksay
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Structural Control ◽  
Hierarchical Structures ◽  
Ceramic Composites ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Length Scale ◽  
Spider Webs ◽  
Biomimetic Materials ◽  
Synthetic Materials ◽  
All Ceramic

Biomimetics is an area of research in which the analysis of structures and functions of natural materials provide a source of inspiration for design and processing concepts for novel synthetic materials. Through biomimetics, it may be possible to establish structural control on a continuous length scale, resulting in superior structures able to withstand the requirements placed upon advanced materials. It is well recognized that biological systems efficiently produce complex and hierarchical structures on the molecular, micrometer, and macro scales with unique properties, and with greater structural control than is possible with synthetic materials. The dynamism of these systems allows the collection and transport of constituents; the nucleation, configuration, and growth of new structures by self-assembly; and the repair and replacement of old and damaged components. These materials include all-organic components such as spider webs and insect cuticles (Fig. 1); inorganic-organic composites, such as seashells (Fig. 2) and bones; all-ceramic composites, such as sea urchin teeth, spines, and other skeletal units (Fig. 3); and inorganic ultrafine magnetic and semiconducting particles produced by bacteria and algae, respectively (Fig. 4).

Defect morphology in thick relaxed layers of InGaAs on GaAs

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 668-669
Author(s):  
R H Dixon ◽  
P Kidd ◽  
P J Goodhew
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Double Crystal ◽  
Strained Layers ◽  
Good Surface ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Device Structures ◽  
Surface Morphologies

Thick relaxed InGaAs layers grown epitaxially on GaAs are potentially useful substrates for growing high indium percentage strained layers. It is important that these relaxed layers are defect free and have a good surface morphology for the subsequent growth of device structures.3μm relaxed layers of InxGa1-xAs were grown on semi - insulating GaAs substrates by Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE), where the indium composition ranged from x=0.1 to 1.0. The interface, bulk and surface of the layers have been examined in planar view and cross-section by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The surface morphologies have been characterised by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and the bulk lattice perfection of the layers assessed using Double Crystal X-ray Diffraction (DCXRD).The surface morphology has been found to correlate with the growth conditions, with the type of defects grown-in to the layer (e.g. stacking faults, microtwins), and with the nature and density of dislocations in the interface.

Electron Optical Study of Surface Morphologies of Crystals

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 376-377
Author(s):  
Sumio Iijima ◽  
Tung Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Optical Study ◽  
Regular Array ◽  
Surface Steps ◽  
Diffracted Waves ◽  
Image Position ◽  
Surface Morphologies

Suppose the thickness of a thin film of a crystal varies periodically like a regular array of surface steps, kinematical intensities of diffracted waves from this crystal are modulated by a shape transform,

Hierarchical structures lead to high thermoelectric performance in Cum+nPb100SbmTe100Se2m (CLAST)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siqi Wang ◽  
Yu Xiao ◽  
Yongjin Chen ◽  
Shang Peng ◽  
Dongyang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hierarchical Structures ◽  
Phonon Transport ◽  
Thermoelectric Performance

Hierarchical microstructures lead to high thermoelectric performance in Cum+nPb100SbmTe100Se2m (CLAST) through synergistically optimizing carrier and phonon transport.

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