Side effects of pencycuron on nontarget soil microorganisms in waterlogged soil: Field experiment

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raktim Pal ◽  
Piw Das ◽  
Kalyan Chakrabarti ◽  
Ashis Chakraborty ◽  
Ashim Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Waterlogged Soil

Soil response to chemicals used in a field experiment

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Jezierska-Tys ◽  
A. Rutkowska
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatases ◽  
Soil Response ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Set Up

Abstract The effect of chemicals (Reglone 200 SL and Elastiq 550 EC) on soil microorganisms and their enzymatic activity was estimated. The study was conducted in a field experiment which was set up in the split-block design and comprised three treatments. Soil samples were taken six times, twice in each year of study. The results showed that the application of chemicals generally had no negative effect on the number of soil microorganisms. The application of Reglone 200 SL caused an increase of proteolytic and ureolytic activity and affected the activity of dehydrogenases, acid and alkaline phosphatases in the soil. The soil subjected of Elastiq 550 EC was characterized by lower activity of dehydrogenases, protease, urease and alkaline phosphatase.

Effects of moisture on soil microorganisms and nematodes: A field experiment

1986 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan Schnürer ◽  
Marianne Clarholm ◽  
Sven Boström ◽  
Thomas Rosswall
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Soil Microorganisms

Side effects of some pesticides on non‐target soil microorganisms

1985 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 457-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Zelles ◽  
I. Scheunert ◽  
F. Korte
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Soil Microorganisms

scholarly journals Job change and self-control of waste pickers: evidence from a field experiment in the Philippines

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-35
Author(s):  
Hide-Fumi Yokoo ◽  
Maki Ikuse ◽  
Aries Roda D. Romallosa ◽  
Masahide Horita
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Informal Workers ◽  
Negative Side ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Waste Pickers

Environmental policies may have a negative side effect on employment, often in a specific industry in the short run. Workers in regulated industries can be affected by losses in job-specific human capital. The informal sectors in developing countries are often associated with environmental pollution and thus targeted by such policies. Welfare loss due to this side effect can be problematic in developing countries, since they often lack safeguarding schemes, including unemployment insurance. Inducing workers in informal sectors to change their jobs can mitigate these negative side effects. This study examines efficient methods of inducing informal workers to change jobs. An alternative job is offered to informal workers at a dumpsite in the Philippines and whether changing the scheme of wage payment increases the acceptance of the offer is examined. The impacts of changing payment schemes are evaluated by using a randomized field experiment. The sampled 112 waste pickers each randomly receive one of four offers for an alternative job, and the number of those who accept the offer is observed to evaluate the impact of less frequent payment (i.e., once every three days instead of daily). Piece rates and fixed wages are also compared. Those offered less frequent payment are more likely to accept the job offer compared with those offered daily payment. This preferred payment scheme can mitigate the side effects of environmental policy and workers’ self-control problem related to savings, while minimizing moral hazard.

scholarly journals The influence of biocarrier of Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma harzianum toward vegetative growth of sorghum in the field experiment

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
Arwan Sugiharto ◽  
Toga Pengihotan Napitupulu ◽  
Made Sudiana
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Fungal Strain ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Marginal Land ◽  
Stalk Diameter

Compared to other cereal crops, sorghum has a higher drought tolerance trait. However, efforts are needed to increase the productivity of sorghum, particularly in drought marginal land. One strategy to be implemented is the utilization of soil microorganisms formulated with biocarrier. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the fungal strain Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma harzianum formulated with compost and zeolite as biocarrier towards vegetative growth of sorghum. The field experiment was designed as a randomized block designed, factorial pattern with 4 replications. The first factor was selecting biocarrier, namely zeolite, compost, and a mixture of zeolite: compost (1:1). The second factor was the fungal inoculants, A. niger, and T. harzianum. The observed parameter was the growth profile of sorghum during vegetative growth, including stalk diameter and height. The results showed that the type of biocarrier, as well as the fungal strains did influence the growth of sorghum. The highest stalk diameter and height of sorghum were obtained after application of A. niger formulated with a mixture of zeolite: compost (1:1), with 17% and 41.2% higher than control, respectively. This condition shows that a mixture of zeolite and compost is seemingly able to create better micro-ecological conditions for fungal microbes to function effectively. Therefore, our findings suggested the addition of zeolite to compost for the application of biocarrier in the field experiment.

The role of limited oxygen supply and soil microorganisms on germination and survival of lupin seeds (Lupinus angustifolius L. cv. Gungurru) in waterlogged soil

1996 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 323 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Sarlistyaningsih ◽  
K Sivasithamparam ◽  
TL Setter
Keyword(s):  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Oxygen Supply ◽  
Solution Culture ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Culture Studies ◽  
Waterlogged Soil ◽  
Soil Solutions ◽  
Lupin Seeds ◽  
Limited Oxygen

The role of limited oxygen supply and soil microorganisms in the germination and survival of lupin seeds was studied in waterlogged soil and in solution culture at low oxygen pressures. Oxygen pressures in soil solutions decreased with time in all waterlogged soil treatments and in stagnant solution culture containing seeds. No seeds germinated in unsterilised waterlogged soil, but up to 95% of seeds germinated after 6 days in sterilised waterlogged soil. Germination and survival of seeds decreased significantly with time in solution cultures at 0 or 2 kPa O2, but remained high at 21 kPa O2. These solution culture studies confirmed that low oxygen supply in soil during waterlogging, which resulted mainly from activity of micro-oganisms, was the major factor causing the reduction in survival of lupin seed in waterlogged soil.

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