Improved confidence in performing nutrition and physical activity behaviours mediates behavioural change in young adults: Mediation results of a randomised controlled mHealth intervention

Appetite ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 108 ◽  
pp. 425-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie R. Partridge ◽  
Kevin McGeechan ◽  
Adrian Bauman ◽  
Philayrath Phongsavan ◽  
Margaret Allman-Farinelli
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Behavioural Change ◽  
Mhealth Intervention ◽  
Nutrition And Physical Activity ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Treating depression with physical activity in adolescents and young adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 1068-1083 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Bailey ◽  
S. E. Hetrick ◽  
S. Rosenbaum ◽  
R. Purcell ◽  
A. G. Parker
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Treatment Effect ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Randomised Controlled

AbstractWe aimed to establish the treatment effect of physical activity for depression in young people through meta-analysis. Four databases were searched to September 2016 for randomised controlled trials of physical activity interventions for adolescents and young adults, 12–25 years, experiencing a diagnosis or threshold symptoms of depression. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to estimate the standardised mean difference (SMD) between physical activity and control conditions. Subgroup analysis and meta-regression investigated potential treatment effect modifiers. Acceptability was estimated using dropout. Trials were assessed against risk of bias domains and overall quality of evidence was assessed using GRADE criteria. Seventeen trials were eligible and 16 provided data from 771 participants showing a large effect of physical activity on depression symptoms compared to controls (SMD = −0.82, 95% CI = −1.02 to −0.61, p < 0.05, I2 = 38%). The effect remained robust in trials with clinical samples (k = 5, SMD = −0.72, 95% CI = −1.15 to −0.30), and in trials using attention/activity placebo controls (k = 7, SMD = −0.82, 95% CI = −1.05 to −0.59). Dropout was 11% across physical activity arms and equivalent in controls (k = 12, RD = −0.01, 95% CI = −0.04 to 0.03, p = 0.70). However, the quality of RCT-level evidence contributing to the primary analysis was downgraded two levels to LOW (trial-level risk of bias, suspected publication bias), suggesting uncertainty in the size of effect and caution in its interpretation. While physical activity appears to be a promising and acceptable intervention for adolescents and young adults experiencing depression, robust clinical effectiveness trials that minimise risk of bias are required to increase confidence in the current finding. The specific intervention characteristics required to improve depression remain unclear, however best candidates given current evidence may include, but are not limited to, supervised, aerobic-based activity of moderate-to-vigorous intensity, engaged in multiple times per week over eight or more weeks. Further research is needed. (Registration: PROSPERO-CRD 42015024388).

scholarly journals The Second World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research Expert Report. Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and the Prevention of Cancer: A Global Perspective

2008 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Wiseman
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cancer Research ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Health Goals ◽  
Independent Panel ◽  
Food Nutrition ◽  
Nutrition And Physical Activity ◽  
Prevention Of Cancer ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
International Experts

It has been estimated by various authorities that about one-third of cancers in Western high-income societies are attributable to factors relating to food, nutrition and physical activity. Identifying with confidence specific associations between dietary patterns, foods, body composition or individual nutrients is not simple because of the long latent period for cancer development, its complex pathogenesis and the challenge of characterising the multidimensional aspects of diet and activity over a lifetime. Reliable conclusions must therefore be drawn not only from randomised controlled trials but from a variety of methodological approaches, judged within a classic framework for inferring causality. Using a newly-developed method with a protocol for standardising the literature search and for analysis and display of the evidence, nine independent academic centres have conducted systematic reviews addressing the causal associations between food, nutrition and physical activity and risk of development of seventeen cancers, as well as of weight gain and obesity. A review has also examined the efficacy of such interventions in subjects with cancer. The reviews have been assessed by an independent Panel of twenty-one international experts who drew conclusions with grades of confidence in the causality of associations and made recommendations. Recommendations are given as public health goals as well as for individuals.

Associations between body composition, nutrition, and physical activity in young adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. e22903 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Correa-Rodríguez ◽  
Blanca Rueda-Medina ◽  
Emilio González-Jiménez ◽  
Jacqueline Schmidt-RioValle
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Nutrition And Physical Activity

scholarly journals Management of fatigue with physical activity and behavioural change support in vasculitis: a feasibility study

Rheumatology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorraine Harper ◽  
Catherine A Hewitt ◽  
Ian Litchfield ◽  
Matthew D Morgan ◽  
Dimitrios Chanouzas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Standard Care ◽  
Physical Activity Intervention ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Behavioural Change ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Disease Remission ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Abstract Objective Patients with ANCA associated vasculitis (AAV) experience high levels of fatigue, despite disease remission. This study assessed the feasibility and acceptability of a definitive randomised controlled trial of a behavioural-based physical activity intervention to support fatigue self-management in AAV patients. Methods AAV patients in disease remission with fatigue (Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory-20 general fatigue domain ≥) were randomly allocated to intervention or standard care in this single-centre open-label randomised controlled feasibility study. The intervention lasted 12 weeks and comprised eight face-to-face physical activity sessions with a facilitator and 12 weekly telephone calls. Participants were encouraged to monitor their physical activity using a tracker device (Fitbit). Standard care involved sign-posting to fatigue websites. The primary outcome was feasibility of a phase III trial assessed against three stop-go traffic light criteria, (recruitment, intervention adherence and study withdrawal). A qualitative study assessed participant views about the intervention. Results 248 patients were screened and 134 were eligible to participate (54%). Stop-go criteria were amber for recruitment; 43/134 (32%, 95% CI 24-40) eligible participants randomised, amber for adherence; 73% of participants attended all eight physical activity sessions, but only 11/22 (50%, 95% CI 29-71%) completed the intervention as per the intended schedule, and green for study withdrawal; 2/43 participants withdrew before 24 weeks (5%, 95% CI 0-11). Qualitative results suggested the intervention was acceptable. Conclusion This study suggests a behavioural-based physical activity intervention targeting fatigue self-management was acceptable to patients with AAV, although recruitment and protocol adherence will need modification prior to a definitive trial. Clinical Trial Registration Number ISRCTN11929227.

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