scholarly journals Too tempting to resist? Past success at weight control rather than dietary restraint determines exposure-induced disinhibited eating

Appetite ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 550-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrijn Houben ◽  
Chantal Nederkoorn ◽  
Anita Jansen
Keyword(s):  
Weight Control ◽  
Dietary Restraint ◽  
Disinhibited Eating

scholarly journals Does dieting make you fat?

2004 ◽  
Vol 92 (S1) ◽  
pp. S15-S18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Binge Eating ◽  
Personal Experience ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Dietary Restraint ◽  
Restrained Eaters ◽  
Prospective Data ◽  
Metabolic Adaptations ◽  
Disinhibited Eating ◽  
Treatment Of Obesity

Dieting Makes You Fat, the title of a 1980s book on weight control, is a popularised paradox, conveying a conclusion that is consistent with personal experience and the reported failure of most dietary approaches in the treatment of obesity. Few studies have been designed specifically to test this association. Yet there are prospective data showing that baseline dieting or dietary restraint increases the risk of weight gain, especially in women. Metabolic adaptations and the disinhibited eating of restrained eaters have been the most commonly cited explanations for such weight gain. Dietary restraint has also been implicated in the development and persistence of binge eating. The present paper critically evaluates the evidence supporting this paradox and reaches a rather different conclusion.

scholarly journals Self-Reported Low Vitality, Poor Mental Health, and Low Dietary Restraint Are Associated with Overperception of Physical Exertion

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula C. Chandler-Laney ◽  
David W. Brock ◽  
Barbara A. Gower ◽  
Jessica A. Alvarez ◽  
Nikki C. Bush ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Dietary Restraint ◽  
Physical Exertion ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Dietary Control ◽  
Weight Control Behaviors ◽  
Linear Regression Modeling ◽  
Response To Exercise

Objective. We investigated whether perceived exertion, in comparison to the physiological response to exercise, was associated with self-reported vitality, mental health, and physical function during daily activities, or weight control behaviors.Design. Weight-reduced, formerly overweight women (n=126, aged 22–46 years), completed health and dietary control questionnaires, and underwent a treadmill-walking task while heart rate, ventilation, respiratory exchange ratio, and ratings of perceived exertion were recorded.Results. Overperception of exertion (perceived exertion physiological exertion) was inversely associated with vitality (r=−0.190,P<.05), mental health (r=−0.188,P<.05), and dietary control (rvalues range−0.231to−0.317,P<.05). In linear regression modeling, vitality or mental health, and cognitive dietary restraint were independently associated with accuracy of perceived exertion, independent of age, ethnicity, and engagement in exercise during weight loss. Each model explained 7%-8% of the variance in accuracy of perceived exertion.Conclusion. Women with low vitality or poor mental health, and poor dietary control may overperceive exertion. Such overperception may be a barrier to engage in physical activity and thus increase susceptibility to weight gain.

scholarly journals Dietary Restraint in Adolescence Predicts Diet Quality in Young Adulthood

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1323-1323
Author(s):  
Megan Lawless ◽  
Lenka Shriver ◽  
Jessica Dollar ◽  
Susan Calkins ◽  
Susan Keane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Dietary Restraint ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Component Scores

Abstract Objectives Establishing a diet that follows the Dietary Guidelines for Americans has been associated with lower risk of mortality from cardiovascular disease and cancer. Some research has shown that individuals’ desire for weight control is an important factor in determining food choices. The aims of this study were to 1) examine dietary restraint in adolescence as a predictor of overall diet quality in young adulthood and 2) compare selected dietary components by levels of restraint. Methods Data were collected from participants enrolled in a longitudinal study in NC, the Right Track Health Study (n = 112). Dietary restraint was assessed using the 21-item subscale of the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire. Three 24-hour dietary recalls were collected to estimate dietary intake and Healthy Eating Index 2015 (HEI-2015) scores were calculated to determine diet quality. Multiple linear regression tested the association between restraint and diet quality, adjusting for sex, race, Body Mass Index-for-age percentiles and disinhibition in adolescence. Using the mean value for restraint (score of 6.64), “high restraint” and “low restraint” groups were created, and the specific HEI-2015 component scores were compared using t-tests. Level of significance was set at P &lt; 0.05. Results Overall, participants consumed a poor-quality diet (HEI-2015 score = 50.24 ± 13.56). Higher restraint in adolescence (mean age 16.59 ± 0.39 years) was associated with higher total HEI-2015 score in young adulthood (mean age 18.74 ± 0.51) (β = 15.39 (95% CI: 3.44, 27.34) P = 0.01). The high restraint group had significantly higher HEI-component scores for total vegetables, greens and beans, total fruit, whole fruit, seafood and plant proteins, and added sugars. There were no differences between the two groups in the remaining HEI-2015 component scores (e.g., whole grains, fatty acids, sodium). Conclusions Higher dietary restraint in adolescence predicts better overall diet quality in young adulthood. Nevertheless, young adults in our sample failed to meet the federal dietary guidelines. Interventions aimed at improving diet quality should consider an individual's level of dietary restraint to better tailor nutrition advice. Funding Sources This research was supported by funding from NIH-NICHD and NIH-NIDDK.

Are common measures of dietary restraint and disinhibited eating reliable and valid in obese persons?

Appetite ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 87 ◽  
pp. 344-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brittany K. Bohrer ◽  
Kelsie T. Forbush ◽  
Tyler K. Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Restraint ◽  
Disinhibited Eating

scholarly journals Dietary Habits and Weight Maintenance Success in High Versus Low Exercisers in the National Weight Control Registry

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1540-1548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Anne Catenacci ◽  
Lorraine Odgen ◽  
Suzanne Phelan ◽  
J. Graham Thomas ◽  
James Hill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Weight Regain ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Dietary Restraint ◽  
Weight Maintenance ◽  
Weight Loss Maintenance ◽  
Registry Entry ◽  
Successful Weight Loss ◽  
Dietary Strategies

Background:The National Weight Control Registry (NWCR) was established to examine characteristics of successful weight loss maintainers. This study compares the diet and behavioral characteristics and weight regain trajectories of NWCR members with differing physical activity (PA) levels at baseline.Methods:Participants (n = 3591) were divided into 4 levels of self-reported PA at registry entry (< 1000, 1000 to < 2250, 2250 to < 3500, and ≥ 3500 kcals/week). We compared self-reported energy intake (EI), macronutrient composition, eating behaviors (dietary restraint, hunger, and disinhibition), weight loss maintenance strategies, and 3 year weight regain between these 4 activity groups.Results:Those with the highest PA at registry entry had lost the most weight, and reported lower fat intake, more dietary restraint, and greater reliance on several specific dietary strategies to maintain weight loss. Those in the lowest PA category maintained weight loss despite low levels of PA and without greater reliance on dietary strategies. There were no differences in odds of weight regain at year 3 between PA groups.Conclusions:These findings suggest that there is not a “one size fits all strategy” for successful weight loss maintenance and that weight loss maintenance may require the use of more strategies by some individuals than others.

How to Maintain a Healthy Body Weight

2006 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 208-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Astrup
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Healthy Body Weight ◽  
Healthy Body

The epidemic of both obesity and type 2 diabetes is due to environmental factors, but the individuals developing the conditions possess a strong genetic predisposition. Observational surveys and intervention studies have shown that excess body fatness is the major environmental cause of type 2 diabetes, and that even a minor weight loss can prevent its development in high-risk subjects. Maintenance of a healthy body weight in susceptible individuals requires 45–60 minutes physical activity daily, a fat-reduced diet with plenty of fruit, vegetables, whole grain, and lean meat and dairy products, and moderate consumption of calorie containing beverages. The use of table values to predict the glycemic index of meals is of little – if any – value, and the role of a low-glycemic index diet for body weight control is controversial. The replacement of starchy carbohydrates with protein from lean meat and lean dairy products enhances satiety, and facilitate weight control. It is possible that dairy calcium also promotes weight loss, although the mechanism of action remains unclear. A weight loss of 5–10% can be induced in almost all obese patients providing treatment is offered by a professional team consisting of a physician and dieticians or nurses trained to focus on weight loss and maintenance. Whereas increasing daily physical activity and regular exercise does not significantly effect the rate of weight loss in the induction phase, it plays an important role in the weight maintenance phase due to an impact on daily energy expenditure and also to a direct enhancement of insulin sensitivity.

Responses to Two Weight-loss Programs Based on Approximating the Diet to the Ideal: Differences Associated with Increased Cereal or Vegetable Consumption

2006 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 367-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ortega ◽  
Rodríguez-Rodríguez ◽  
Aparicio ◽  
Marín-Arias ◽  
López-Sobaler
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Anthropometric Data ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Weight Loss Programs ◽  
Spanish Women ◽  
The Ideal

The fight against excess weight and obesity is a health priority. The aim of this study was to analyze the anthropometric changes induced by two weight control programs based on approximating the diet to the theoretical ideal (increasing the consumption of foods with the largest differences between the recommended and observed intakes: cereals and vegetables – for which a minimum of 6 and 3 servings/day are recommended, respectively). The study subjects were 57 Spanish women with a body-mass index (BMI) of 24–35 kg/m², all of whom were randomly assigned to one of two slightly hypocaloric diets for a six-week period: diet V, in which the consumption of greens and vegetables was increased, or diet C, in which the consumption of cereals was increased. Dietetic and anthropometric data were collected at the start of the study and again at two and six weeks. The dietary intervention approximated the subjects’ energy provision from proteins, fats, and carbohydrates to those recommended. The Healthy Eating Index (HEI) improved with both diets. Reductions in body weight, BMI, and the amount of body fat (kg) were also achieved with both diets. Weight loss was 1.56 ± 0.93 kg and 1.02 ± 0.55 kg at two weeks with diet C and V respectively, and 2.8 ± 1.4 kg and 2.0 ± 1.3 kg at six weeks (p < 0.05). Approximating the diet to the theoretical ideal by increasing the consumption of vegetables or cereals may therefore be of use in weight control. In terms of weight loss and the improvement of the diet quality (energy profile and HEI), diet C was significantly more effective than diet V.

Overweight Adolescents More Likely to Engage in Risky Weight Control Behaviors

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Boutelle ◽  
D. Neumark-Sztainer ◽  
M. Story ◽  
M. Resnick
Keyword(s):  
Weight Control ◽  
Weight Control Behaviors ◽  
Overweight Adolescents
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